QB/T 2714-2018 English PDF (QBT2714-2018)

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QB/T 2714-2018: Leather -- Physical and mechanical tests -- Determination of flex resistance
QB/T 2714-2018
LIGHT INDUSTRY STANDARD OF
THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 59.140.30
Classification number. Y46
Filing number. 67452-2019
Replacing QB/T 2714-2005
Leather - Physical and mechanical tests -
Determination of flex resistance
(ISO 5402-1.2011, Leather - Determination of flex resistance -
Part 1.Flexometer method, MOD)
ISSUED ON. DECEMBER 21, 2018
IMPLEMENTED ON. JULY 01, 2019
Issued by. Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3 
1 Scope... 5 
2 Normative references... 5 
3 Principle... 5 
4 Devices and materials... 5 
5 Sampling and specimen preparation... 7 
6 Procedure... 8 
7 Test report... 10 
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard is a revision of QB/T 2714-2005 "Leather - Physical and
mechanical tests - Determination of flex resistance".
Compared with QB/T 2714-2005, the main technical changes in additional to
editorial changes are as follows.
- In 4.1.1, ADJUST the description of the upper fixture; ADD the thickness
requirements of its flat metal plate and EF platform plate, to be consistent
with international standards;
- ADD "4.8 Round shaft", "4.9 Metal clip", "4.10 Stereo microscope" and
related requirements, to be consistent with international standards;
- In 5.2, ADJUST the number of test specimens, to be consistent with
international standards;
- In 6.5, ADD the number of folding in the wet test by 2500 times, to be
consistent with international standards;
- In 6.6, ADD the evaluation method of crack strength and damage
description method, to be consistent with international standards;
- ADD 6.10 Treatment method for only one test specimen showing slight
damage, to be consistent with international standards.
This standard adopts the redrafting method to modify and adopt ISO 5402-
1.2011 "Leather - Determination of flex resistance - Part 1.Flexometer method".
This international standard is based on the International Federation of Leather
Craftsmen and Chemists (IULTCS) standard IUP 20, Part 1.
This standard has undergone the following technical changes when adopting
5402-1.2011 according to the actual situation in our country.
- In the normative references, RE-WRITE the originally quoted ISO standard
to relevant Chinese standards;
- For ease of use, SPLIT the contents of 5.1 into 5.1 and 5.2; the subsequent
clause number is changed accordingly;
- In order to prevent incorrect understanding of the standard in use, DELETE
the reference “note” in 5.1;
- REMOVE the informative appendix A (Source of instruments).
Leather - Physical and mechanical tests -
Determination of flex resistance
1 Scope
This standard specifies the method for determining the flex resistance of dry or
wet leather and leather coatings.
This standard applies to all types of leather which have a thickness of less than
3.0 mm.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For
the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) are applicable to this standard.
GB/T 6682 Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test
methods (GB/T 6682-2008, ISO 3696.1987, MOD)
QB/T 2706 Leather - Chemical physical and mechanical and fastness tests
- Sampling location (QB/T 2706-2005, ISO 2418.2002, MOD)
QB/T 2707 Leather - Physical and mechanical tests - Sample preparation
and conditioning (QB/T 2707-2018, ISO 2419.2006, MOD)
3 Principle
The upper test face of the specimen is folded inwards and clamped in a
movable fixture; the lower test face is folded outwards and clamped in a fixed
fixture. The upper moving fixture moves the specimen. Evaluate the changes
of the specimen after a specified number of times.
4 Devices and materials
4.1 Flex resistance testing machine
The flex resistance testing machine shall include the components specified in
4.1.1 to 4.1.3.
It is performed according to the provisions of QB/T 2706.
5.2 Preparation of specimens
According to the provisions of QB/T 2707, use a die knife (4.2) to cut at least 4
specimens from the grain surface for testing. Among them, the long sides of at
least 2 specimens are parallel to the ridge line; the long sides of at least 2
specimens are perpendicular to the ridge line.
5.3 Air conditioning of dry specimen
Dry specimens shall be air-conditioned in accordance with the provisions of
QB/T 2707.
5.4 Preparation of wet specimen
Place the specimen in the glass dish (4.7). Add distilled or deionized water to
the glass dish at a depth of not less than 10 mm. Put the glass dish in the dryer.
Vacuum the dryer and maintain the vacuum degree at 4 kPa for 2 min. Then
release. Repeat the process of vacuum and release twice. Take out the
specimen. Use absorbent paper to absorb excess water. Immediately conduct
a wet test.
Note. The upper fixture cannot clamp a thicker specimen. In this case, the thickness of
one end of the specimen can be thinned to 1.5 mm and this end is inserted into the
upper fixture. Leather that is too hard shall not be tested using this method.
6 Procedure
6.1 Open the upper and lower fixtures (4.1.1 and 4.1.2), so that the space in
the fixture is at least twice the thickness of the specimen.
6.2 Start the motor so that the EF side of the upper fixtures (4.1.1) is parallel to
the upper side of the lower fixtures [see Figure 2c)].
6.3 Fold the test surface of the specimen inwards so that the two long sides are
together. Clamp the folded specimen [see Figure 2a)], so that the folded side is
next to the lower side of the upper fixture; meanwhile one end is close to the
tighten screw of the upper fixture.
6.4 Make the two corners of the specimen that are not clamped wrap the fixture
outwards and downwards [see Figure 2b)], so that the two surfaces of the
specimen in contact. Fix the free end of the specimen in the lower fixture [see
Figure 2c)], meanwhile make it stretch vertically. The force used shall not
exceed the force required to just tighten the leather.
6.5 The required number of flex resistance can be selected from the following
The damage descriptions shall include the following.
- Change in color of the coating when there is no damage;
- Cracks in the coating, as well as the tendency of the cracks to extend to
one or more coatings; if possible, the number of cracks shall be recorded;
- Abnormal changes in the adhesion of the leather coating;
- Abnormal changes in adhesion between the two coatings;
- The powdering or flaking conditions of coating;
- The color contrast of cracks, powder or flakes on the coating.
If it needs to determine the degree of looseness of the leather structure, it can
cut the flexure part.
Note. Since the specimen is damaged after cutting, the subsequent test cannot be
carried out, so it can be cut after the final test is completed.
6.7 If the specimen needs to be taken out for observation during the test,
appropriate marking shall be made at the position where the specimen is
clamped, to ensure that the specimen can be fixed in the initial position when it
is put back.
6.8 Restart the testing machine to continue the test to reach the number of
times required. Repeat the inspection in 6.6.
6.9 If it needs to continue the test for another...