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HJ 759-2015: Ambient air. Determination of volatile organic compounds. Collected by specially-prepared canistersand analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
HJ 759-2015
HJ
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Ambient air – Determination of volatile organic
compounds – Collected by specially-prepared canisters
and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
ISSUED ON. OCTOBER 22, 2015
IMPLEMENTED ON. DECEMBER 1, 2015
Issued by. Ministry of Environmental Protection
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Application Scope ... 4 
2 Normative References ... 4 
3 Method principle ... 4 
4 Reagents and materials ... 5 
5 Instruments and equipment ... 5 
6 Sample ... 6 
7 Analytical procedures ... 8 
8 Calculation and expression of results ... 11 
9 Precision and accuracy ... 13 
10 Quality assurance and quality control ... 13 
11 Precautions ... 14 
Annex A (Normative) Method detection limits and determination low-limits
... 16 
Annex B (Informative) Method precision and accuracy ... 18 
Annex C (Informative) Correspondence between internal standard
substances and target compounds ... 33 
Annex D (Informative) Total ions chromatogram of volatile organic
compounds ... 36 
Ambient air – Determination of volatile organic
compounds – Collected by specially-prepared canisters
and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
Warning. The standard substances used in experiment are volatile toxic
chemicals, which shall be used with adequate ventilation. Protective devices
shall be worn to avoid inhalation or contact with skin and clothing.
1 Application Scope
This Standard specifies the method for the determination of volatile organic
compounds in ambient air which are collected by specially-prepared canisters and
analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
This Standard applies to the determination of 67 volatile organic compounds in ambient
air such as propylene. If other volatile organic compounds pass the method suitability
validation, they can also be determined using this Standard.
When the sampling quantity is 400 ml in the full-scan mode, the detection limit of this
method is 0.2 μg/m3 ~ 2 μg/m3 and the lower limit of determination is 0.8 μg/m3 ~ 8.0
μg/m3. For details see Annex A.
2 Normative References
This Standard cites the following documents or clauses therein. For undated reference
documents, their valid editions apply to this Standard.
HJ/T 194, Manual methods for ambient air quality monitoring
3 Method principle
Use stainless steel canisters with inner wall deactivated to collect ambient air samples;
after cold trap condensing and thermal analysis, come to gas chromatographic
separation; and use mass spectrometry detector for testing. Conduct qualitative
analysis by comparing with the mass spectrum and retention time of standard
substances; and use the internal standard method for quantitative analysis.
a 70 eV electron impact (EI) ion source and has the functions including full-
scan/selective ion mode (SIM) scan, auto/manual tuning and spectrum library retrieval.
5.2 Capillary chromatographic column. 60 m × 0.25 mm, 1.4 μm film thickness
(stationary liquid of 6% cyanopropylphenyl-94% dimethylpolysiloxane), or other
equivalent capillary chromatographic columns.
5.3 Gas cold trap concentrator. having the functions including automatic quantitative
sampling and automatic addition of standard gas and internal standard substance. It
has at least two stages of cold trap. the first stage of cold trap is capable of cooling to
-180°C and the second stage of cold trap is capable of cooling to - 50°C; and if it has
the third stage of cold trap (capable of cooling to -180°C) with refrigeration focusing
function, it will be more effective. The connecting lines between gas concentrator and
gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer are made of inert materials and capable of
being heated within the range 50°C ~ 150°C.
5.4 Concentrator automatic sample injector. it is capable of automatic sample
injection of sample from sampling canisters.
5.5 Canister washing equipment. it is capable of vacuumizing sampling canisters (<
10 Pa) and has the functions including heating, humidification and pressurized purging.
5.6 Gas dilution equipment. the maximum dilution ratio is up to 1000.
5.7 Sampling canister. stainless steel sampling canister with inner wall deactivated,
of volume 3.2 L, 6 L and other specifications. The pressure withstanding value > 241
kPa.
5.8 Liquid nitrogen canister. stainless steel material, volume 100 L ~ 200 L.
5.9 Flow controller. it is used along with sampling canisters and shall be calibrated
before use using standard flow metres.
5.10 Calibration flow metre. accurately measuring flow within the range 0.5 mL/min
~ 10.0 mL/min or 10 mL/min ~ 500 mL/min.
5.11 Vacuum manometer. accuracy ≤ 7 kPa (1 psi); pressure range – 101 kPa ~ 202
kPa.
5.12 Filter. pore size ≤ 10 μm.
6 Sample
6.1 Preparation before sampling
Canister washing. use canister washing equipment (5.5) to wash sampling canisters;
and the washing can be carried out in accordance with the instructions to canister
washing equipment. Sampling canisters can be humidified during the washing process
173 Less than 2% of mass 174
7.3 Calibration
7.3.1 Preparation of standard working gas
The concentration of standard working gas is 10 nmol/mol. connect standard gas (4.1)
steel cylinders and high-purity nitrogen (4.8) steel cylinders to gas dilution equipment
(5.6); set dilution ratio; open steel cylinder valves to adjust the flow speed of two gases;
wait until the flow speed becomes stable before connecting sampling canisters (5.7)
pre-washed and vacuumized to vacuo to gas dilution equipment (5.6); and open the
valves of sampling canisters to start preparation. After the canister pressure achieves
the preset value (generally 172 kPa), close the valves of sampling canisters and the
valves of gas steel cylinders.
7.3.2 Preparation of internal standard working gas
The concentration of internal standard working gas is 100 nmol/mol. Prepare internal
standard gas (4.3) in accordance with the procedures of 7.3.1.
7.3.3 Plotting calibration curve
Extract respectively 50.0 mL, 100 mL, 200 mL, 400 mL, 600 mL and 800 mL of
standard working gas (4.2); add 50.0 mL of internal standard working gas (4.4) at the
same time; prepare the standard series of the target substance concentrations 1.25
nmol/mol, 2.5 nmol/mol, 5.0 nmol/mol, 10.0 nmol/mol, 15.0 nmol/mol and 20.0
nmol/mol (they can be adjusted based on actual sample conditions) and the internal
standard substance concentration 12.5 nmol/mol. In accordance with the instrument
reference conditions, carry out determination from low concentrations to high
concentrations. Calculate the relative response factor (RRF) of target substance in
accordance with Equation (2) and calculate average relative response factor (RRF) of
all standard concentration points of target substance in accordance with Equation (3).
where,
RRF – relative response factor of target substance, dimensionless;
Ax – target compound quantitative ion peak area;
Ais – internal compound quantitative ion peak area;
φis – molar fraction of internal standard compound, nmol/mol;
φx – molar fraction of target compound, nmol/mol.
The concentration of target substance in transportation blanks and laboratory blanks
shall be lower than the lower limit of determination of the method. Or else, find out the
reason and take corresponding measures to eliminate interferences or pollutions.
10.1.1 Laboratory blan...