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HJ 38-2017: Stationary source emission -- Determination of total hydrocarbons, methane and nonmethane hydrocarbons -- Gas chromatography
HJ 38-2017
HJ
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION INDUSTRY STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Replacing HJ/T 38-1999
Stationary Source Emission - Determination of Total
Hydrocarbons, Methane and Nonmethane
Hydrocarbons - Gas Chromatography
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 29, 2017
IMPLEMENTED ON: APRIL 1, 2018
Issued by: Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic
of China
Table of Contents
Announcement of the Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s
Republic of China ... 3 
Foreword ... 5 
1 Scope ... 7 
2 Normative References ... 7 
3 Terms and Definitions ... 7 
4 Method and Principle ... 8 
5 Reagents and Materials ... 8 
6 Instruments and Equipment ... 9 
7 Sample ... 11 
8 Analytical Procedures ... 12 
9 Result Calculation and Expression ... 15 
10 Precision and Accuracy ... 16 
11 Quality Assurance and Quality Control ... 17 
12 Precautions ... 18 
Stationary Source Emission - Determination of Total
Hydrocarbons, Methane and Nonmethane
Hydrocarbons - Gas Chromatography
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the gas chromatography method of determining total
hydrocarbons, methane and nonmethane hydrocarbons in exhaust gas emitted from
stationary sources.
This Standard is applicable to the determination of total hydrocarbons, methane and
nonmethane hydrocarbons in organized emission of exhaust gas from stationary
sources.
When the sample injection volume is 1.0 mL, the detection limits of total hydrocarbons
and methane determined by this method are 0.06 mg/m3 (calculated by methane), and
the lower limits are 0.24 mg/m3 (calculated by methane); the detection limit of
nonmethane hydrocarbons is 0.07 mg/m3 (calculated by carbon), and the lower limit is
0.28 mg/m3 (calculated by carbon).
2 Normative References
This Standard quotes the following documents or clauses in the documents. In terms
of references without a specified date, the valid version applies to this Standard.
GB/T 16157 The Determination of Particulates and Sampling Methods of Gaseous
Pollutants Emitted from Exhaust Gas of Stationary Source
HJ 732 Emission from Stationary Sources - Sampling of Volatile Organic Compounds
- Bags Method
HJ/T 397 Technical Specifications for Emission Monitoring of Stationary Source
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions are applicable to this Standard.
3.1 Total Hydrocarbons (THC)
Total hydrocarbons refer to the sum of gaseous organic compounds that respond on
the hydrogen flame ionization detector of the gas chromatograph under the
determination conditions specified in this Standard.
3.2 Nonmethane Hydrocarbons (NMHC)
Nonmethane hydrocarbons refer to the sum of other gaseous organic compounds after
deducting methane from the total hydrocarbons under the determination conditions
specified in this Standard (unless it is otherwise specified, the result shall be calculated
by carbon).
4 Method and Principle
Directly inject gas sample into a gas chromatograph equipped with a hydrogen flame
ionization detector; respectively determine the content of total hydrocarbons and
methane on the total hydrocarbon column and the methane column. The difference
between them is the content of nonmethane hydrocarbons. Meanwhile, use de-
hydrocarbon air to replace the sample; determine the response value of oxygen on the
total hydrocarbon column, so as to deduct the interference of oxygen in the sample on
the determination of total hydrocarbons.
5 Reagents and Materials
Unless it is otherwise specified, analytically pure chemical reagents and distilled water
that meet the national standards shall be used for analysis.
5.1 De-hydrocarbon air: content of total hydrocarbons (oxygen peak included) ≤ 0.40
mg/m3 (calculated by methane); or, determine on the methane column, no other peaks
except the oxygen peak.
5.2 Methane standard gas: 16.0 μmol/mol, 800 μmol/mol; balance gas: nitrogen. It is
also possible to customize standard gases of appropriate concentrations from qualified
manufacturers in accordance with the actual operational demands.
5.3 Nitrogen: purity ≥ 99.999%.
5.4 Hydrogen: purity ≥ 99.99%.
5.5 Air: use a purification tube for air purification.
5.6 Diluent gas of standard gas: high-purity nitrogen or de-hydrocarbon nitrogen, purity
≥ 99.999%. In accordance with the procedures of sample determination (8.3), conduct
the test; the determination result of total hydrocarbons shall be lower than the detection
limit of the method in this Standard.
6.8 Instruments and equipment commonly used in general laboratories.
7 Sample
7.1 Sample Collection
7.1.1 Collection with air bag
In accordance with Figure 1, connect the sampling device. The determination of the
sampling location, sampling point, sampling frequency and sampling time of exhaust
gas emitted from stationary sources, as well as the determination of exhaust
parameters and the sampling operations shall comply with the relevant stipulations of
GB/T 16157, HJ/T 397 and HJ 732. Turn on the power supply of the heating sampling
tube. During the sampling, heat the sampling tube and maintain it at 120 °C ± 5 °C
(except when there are explosion-proof safety requirements). The air bag must be
cleaned with sample gas for at least 3 times. After the sampling, the sample shall be
immediately placed in the sample storage box (6.3) for storage; the sample shall not
be taken out until it is time for sample analysis.
7.1.2 Collection with glass syringe
In accordance with Figure 2, connect the sampling device. The determination of the
sampling location, sampling point, sampling frequency and sampling time of exhaust
gas emitted from stationary sources, as well as the determination of exhaust
parameters and the sampling operations shall comply with the relevant stipulations of
GB/T 16157 and HJ/T 397. Turn on the power supply of the heating sampling tube.
During the sampling, heat the sampling tube and maintain it at 120 °C ± 5 °C (except
when there are explosion-proof safety requirements). The glass syringe must be
cleaned with sample gas for at least 3 times. After the sampling, the sample shall be
immediately placed in the sample storage box (6.3) for storage; the sample shall not
be taken out until it is time for sample analysis. The glass syringe used for sample
collection shall be sealed with an inert sealing head.
7.2 Transportation of Blank Sample
Bring the sampling container filled with de-hydrocarbon air (5.1) to the sampling site.
Send it back to the laboratory for analysis together with the samples collected in the
same batch.
7.3 Sample Storage
The glass syringe for sample collection shall be handled with care to prevent it from
being damaged. Maintain the needle tip downwards and place it in the sample storage
box for storage and transportation.
The sample shall be stored at room temperature and protected from light. After
limit is respectively: 0.17 mg/m3, 18 mg/m3, 33 mg/m3.
6 laboratories conducted 6 repeated determinations on actual samples from refuse
landfills (the concentration of methane is about 70 mg/m3, calculated by methane). The
in-laboratory relative standard deviation range is 0.4% ~ 2.3%; the inter-laboratory
relative standard deviation is 7.6%; the repeatability limit is 2.8 mg/m3; the
reproducibility limit is 16 mg/m3.
10.2 Accuracy
6 laboratories respectively conducted determinations on standard gas with total
hydrocarbon concentration (calcul...