GB/T 7184-2023 English PDF (GB/T7184-2023)

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GB/T 7184-2023: Reciprocating internal combustion engines - Evaluation method of vibration
GB/T 7184-2023
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 27.020
CCS J 90
Replacing GB/T 7184-2008
Reciprocating internal combustion engines - Evaluation
method of vibration
ISSUED ON: SEPTEMBER 07, 2023
IMPLEMENTED ON: APRIL 01, 2024
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
Introduction ... 5
1 Scope ... 7
2 Normative references ... 7
3 Terms and definitions ... 7
4 Measurement methods ... 8
4.1 Measuring instruments ... 8
4.2 Working conditions ... 8
4.3 Measurement of vibration intensity ... 9
4.4 Records ... 12
4.5 Determination of vibration severity level ... 13
5 Vibration evaluation ... 15
Annex A (normative) Vibration evaluation of reciprocating internal combustion engines
... 16
Annex B (informative) Types of vibration in reciprocating internal combustion engines
... 17
Bibliography ... 18
Reciprocating internal combustion engines - Evaluation
method of vibration
1 Scope
This document describes the method for vibration evaluation of non-rotating and non-
reciprocating components of complete reciprocating internal combustion engines.
This document applies to reciprocating internal combustion engines defined in GB/T
21404 (hereinafter referred to as "engines" unless otherwise specified), as well as other
internal combustion engines for which no appropriate standards are available.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2298, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring -- Vocabulary
GB/T 6072.1, Reciprocating internal combustion engines -- Performance -- Part 1:
Declarations of power, fuel and lubricating oil consumptions and test methods --
Additional requirements for engines for general use
GB/T 6072.3, Reciprocating internal combustion engines -- Performance -- Part 3:
Test measurements
GB/T 13824, Mechanical vibration of rotating and reciprocating machinery --
Requirements for instruments for measuring vibration severity
GB/T 14412, Mechanical vibration and shock -- Mechanical mounting of
accelerometers
GB/T 14777, Geometrical orientation and directions of movements
GB/T 21404, Internal combustion engines -- Determination and method for the
measurement of engine power -- General requirements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions defined in GB/T 2298,
GB/T 6072.1 and GB/T 14777 as well as the followings apply.
3.1 vibration severity
A value or a group of values such as a maximum value, average value, RMS value, or
other value describing a vibration parameter, involving multiple transient values or
multiple average values.
NOTE: Vibration severity is a general term that was often used in the past when referring to
vibration velocity, but is now also used for displacement and acceleration, etc.
[Source: GB/T 2298-2010, 3.51, modified]
4 Measurement methods
4.1 Measuring instruments
4.1.1 General
The measurement system including sensors and cables shall meet the requirements of
GB/T 13824.
If the measurement system cannot fully meet the requirements of GB/T 13824, but the
measurement results can meet the requirements of GB/T 13824, then the measurement
system can be considered as an equivalent measurement system that meets the
requirements of GB/T 13824.
4.1.2 Calibration
Unless otherwise specified by national regulations, the calibration cycle of the
measurement system, including sensors and cables, is 1 year.
4.2 Working conditions
4.2.1 General
The installation and operating conditions of the engine have an impact on the working
state of the object being measured. This document specifies the installation conditions
and operating conditions that minimize the changes in engine vibration during bench
measurements. Field measurements are performed according to actual installation
conditions and operating conditions.
4.2.2 Installation conditions
When measuring on a bench, the engine shall be installed on a base as close to the actual
usage as possible and elastically connected to the dynamometer.
4.2.3 Operating conditions
During bench measurement, the engine shall operate stably according to the ISO
standard power and corresponding speed specified in GB/T 6072.1. The engine oil
temperature and coolant temperature must be stable.
Fixed speed engines are operated at rated conditions. Engines for other purposes are
generally operated at full load speed characteristics (i.e. external characteristics) or
propeller propulsion characteristics (such as marine main engines) or traction
characteristics (such as locomotive diesel engines).
When the external characteristic, propeller propulsion characteristic or traction
characteristic is running, the dynamic measurement of speed increase/deceleration is
preferred, and steady-state measurement is also possible. The operating conditions shall
include the rated speed condition and the minimum operating speed condition. The
speed interval of the operating condition is calculated from the rated speed. The
minimum operating speed condition is usually determined by the external characteristic
curve provided by the manufacturer. When the speed increase/deceleration is measured
dynamically, the speed interval is 25 r/min, and the speed change rate shall be less than
or equal to 75 r·min-1/s. When the steady-state measurement is performed, the speed
interval is selected according to the 100 r/min, 50 r/min, and 25 r/min numerical system.
If necessary, measurements can also be taken and recorded under other operating
conditions or other speed intervals.
The measurement of engine power and corresponding speed shall be carried out in
accordance with the provisions of GB/T 6072.3.
4.3 Measurement of vibration intensity
4.3.1 General
The vibration severity in this document is described by the root mean square value. The
vibration parameters include displacement, velocity and acceleration.
The measuring frequency range is 2 Hz~1000 Hz.
The measured quantity is the vibration value in three directions (X, Y, Z) at the specified
position of the engine under test.
For engines with power less than or equal to 100 kW, only the speed in the frequency
range of 2 Hz~1000 Hz is measured and used as the basis for rating. If the customer
requires, displacement and acceleration can also be measured, but only for reference
and not as the basis for rating.
For engines with power greater than 100 kW, the displacement in the frequency range
of 2 Hz~10 Hz, the speed in the frequency range of 10 Hz~250 Hz and the acceleration
GB/T 7184-2023
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 27.020
CCS J 90
Replacing GB/T 7184-2008
Reciprocating internal combustion engines - Evaluation
method of vibration
ISSUED ON: SEPTEMBER 07, 2023
IMPLEMENTED ON: APRIL 01, 2024
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
Introduction ... 5
1 Scope ... 7
2 Normative references ... 7
3 Terms and definitions ... 7
4 Measurement methods ... 8
4.1 Measuring instruments ... 8
4.2 Working conditions ... 8
4.3 Measurement of vibration intensity ... 9
4.4 Records ... 12
4.5 Determination of vibration severity level ... 13
5 Vibration evaluation ... 15
Annex A (normative) Vibration evaluation of reciprocating internal combustion engines
... 16
Annex B (informative) Types of vibration in reciprocating internal combustion engines
... 17
Bibliography ... 18
Reciprocating internal combustion engines - Evaluation
method of vibration
1 Scope
This document describes the method for vibration evaluation of non-rotating and non-
reciprocating components of complete reciprocating internal combustion engines.
This document applies to reciprocating internal combustion engines defined in GB/T
21404 (hereinafter referred to as "engines" unless otherwise specified), as well as other
internal combustion engines for which no appropriate standards are available.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2298, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring -- Vocabulary
GB/T 6072.1, Reciprocating internal combustion engines -- Performance -- Part 1:
Declarations of power, fuel and lubricating oil consumptions and test methods --
Additional requirements for engines for general use
GB/T 6072.3, Reciprocating internal combustion engines -- Performance -- Part 3:
Test measurements
GB/T 13824, Mechanical vibration of rotating and reciprocating machinery --
Requirements for instruments for measuring vibration severity
GB/T 14412, Mechanical vibration and shock -- Mechanical mounting of
accelerometers
GB/T 14777, Geometrical orientation and directions of movements
GB/T 21404, Internal combustion engines -- Determination and method for the
measurement of engine power -- General requirements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions defined in GB/T 2298,
GB/T 6072.1 and GB/T 14777 as well as the followings apply.
3.1 vibration severity
A value or a group of values such as a maximum value, average value, RMS value, or
other value describing a vibration parameter, involving multiple transient values or
multiple average values.
NOTE: Vibration severity is a general term that was often used in the past when referring to
vibration velocity, but is now also used for displacement and acceleration, etc.
[Source: GB/T 2298-2010, 3.51, modified]
4 Measurement methods
4.1 Measuring instruments
4.1.1 General
The measurement system including sensors and cables shall meet the requirements of
GB/T 13824.
If the measurement system cannot fully meet the requirements of GB/T 13824, but the
measurement results can meet the requirements of GB/T 13824, then the measurement
system can be considered as an equivalent measurement system that meets the
requirements of GB/T 13824.
4.1.2 Calibration
Unless otherwise specified by national regulations, the calibration cycle of the
measurement system, including sensors and cables, is 1 year.
4.2 Working conditions
4.2.1 General
The installation and operating conditions of the engine have an impact on the working
state of the object being measured. This document specifies the installation conditions
and operating conditions that minimize the changes in engine vibration during bench
measurements. Field measurements are performed according to actual installation
conditions and operating conditions.
4.2.2 Installation conditions
When measuring on a bench, the engine shall be installed on a base as close to the actual
usage as possible and elastically connected to the dynamometer.
4.2.3 Operating conditions
During bench measurement, the engine shall operate stably according to the ISO
standard power and corresponding speed specified in GB/T 6072.1. The engine oil
temperature and coolant temperature must be stable.
Fixed speed engines are operated at rated conditions. Engines for other purposes are
generally operated at full load speed characteristics (i.e. external characteristics) or
propeller propulsion characteristics (such as marine main engines) or traction
characteristics (such as locomotive diesel engines).
When the external characteristic, propeller propulsion characteristic or traction
characteristic is running, the dynamic measurement of speed increase/deceleration is
preferred, and steady-state measurement is also possible. The operating conditions shall
include the rated speed condition and the minimum operating speed condition. The
speed interval of the operating condition is calculated from the rated speed. The
minimum operating speed condition is usually determined by the external characteristic
curve provided by the manufacturer. When the speed increase/deceleration is measured
dynamically, the speed interval is 25 r/min, and the speed change rate shall be less than
or equal to 75 r·min-1/s. When the steady-state measurement is performed, the speed
interval is selected according to the 100 r/min, 50 r/min, and 25 r/min numerical system.
If necessary, measurements can also be taken and recorded under other operating
conditions or other speed intervals.
The measurement of engine power and corresponding speed shall be carried out in
accordance with the provisions of GB/T 6072.3.
4.3 Measurement of vibration intensity
4.3.1 General
The vibration severity in this document is described by the root mean square value. The
vibration parameters include displacement, velocity and acceleration.
The measuring frequency range is 2 Hz~1000 Hz.
The measured quantity is the vibration value in three directions (X, Y, Z) at the specified
position of the engine under test.
For engines with power less than or equal to 100 kW, only the speed in the frequency
range of 2 Hz~1000 Hz is measured and used as the basis for rating. If the customer
requires, displacement and acceleration can also be measured, but only for reference
and not as the basis for rating.
For engines with power greater than 100 kW, the displacement in the frequency range
of 2 Hz~10 Hz, the speed in the frequency range of 10 Hz~250 Hz and the acceleration