GB/T 529-2008 English PDF (GBT529-2008)

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GB/T 529-2008: Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic -- Determination of tear strength (Trouser, angle and crescent test pieces)
GB/T 529-2008
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 83.060
G 40
Replacing GB/T529-1999
Rubber, Vulcanized or Thermoplastic -
Determination of Tear Strength
(Trouser, Angle and Crescent Test Pieces)
(ISO 34-1.2004 Rubber, Vulcanized or Thermoplastic - Determination of Tear
Strength - Part 1. Trouser, Angle and Crescent Test Pieces, MOD)
Issued on. June 4, 2008 Implemented on December 1, 2008
Jointly issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision,
Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ);
Standardization Administration (SAC) of the People's
Republic of China.
Table of Contents
1 Scope ... 5 
2 Normative References ... 6 
3 Terms and Definitions ... 6 
4 Principle ... 7 
5 Apparatus ... 7 
6 Test Pieces ... 10 
7 Number of Test ... 11 
8 Temperature of Test ... 11 
9 Procedure ... 11 
10 Expression of Results ... 12 
11 Precision ... 12 
12 Test Report ... 13 
Appendix A (Informative) Guidance for Using Precision Results ... 16 
Appendix B (Informative) Formulations for Compounds A, B and C Used in ITP ... 17 
Bibliography ... 18 
Foreword
This Standard is modified in relation to international standard ISO 34-1.2004 "Rubber,
Vulcanized or Thermoplastic - Determination of Tear Strength - Part 1. Trouser, Angle
and Crescent Test Pieces".
This Standard replaces GB/T 529-1999 "Rubber Vulcanized or Thermoplastic -
Determination of Tear Strength (Trouser, Angle and Crescent Test Pieces)".
This Standard is redrafted according to ISO 34-1.2004, with the technical differences
and reasons as follows.
In this Standard. If groups of test pieces are being compared, the median thickness of
each group shall be within 7.5% of the total median thickness of all the groups (Chapter
9 in this edition). While ISO 34-1.2004 specifies that if groups of test pieces are being
compared, the median thickness of each group shall be within 15% of the total median
thickness of all the groups. Such specification is based on China's actual conditions.
For convenient application, the following editing revisions are made in this Standard.
a) "This international standard" was replaced by "this Standard";
b) The foreword in the international standard was deleted;
c) The comma "," acting as decimal point was replaced by the decimal point ".".
The major differences of this part from GB/T 529-1999 are as follows.
— "Number of Test" (Chapter 7 in this edition) was added;
— Partial size of die used for cutting angle test pieces was modified. the tolerance ±
0.5° for angle 90° was added; and the dimension (27+0.05) mm and (28±0.05) mm
(Figure 2 in 1999 edition and this edition) were deleted.
Appendix A and B in this Standard are informative.
This Standard was proposed by China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association.
This Standard shall be under the jurisdiction of the Subcommittee on Physical and
Chemical Test Methods for Rubber of National Technical Committee 35 on Rubber and
Rubber Products of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 35/SC 2).
Drafting organization of this Standard. Giti Tire (Hualin) Co., Ltd.
Chief drafting staffs of this Standard. Han Lei, and Geng Fumin.
Rubber, Vulcanized or Thermoplastic - Determination of Tear
Strength (Trouser, Angle and Crescent Test Pieces)
1 Scope
This Standard specifies three test methods for the determination of the tear strength of
vulcanized and thermoplastic rubber, namely.
— Method A, using a trouser test piece;
— Method B, using an angle test piece, with or without a nick of specified depth;
— Method C, using a crescent test piece with a nick.
The value of tear strength obtained depends on the shape of the test piece, speed of
stretching, temperature of test and calendaring effect of vulcanized rubber.
Method A. Using a trouser test piece
Using the trouser test piece is preferred because it is not sensitive to the length of the
cut, unlike the other two test pieces in which the nick has to be very closely controlled. In
addition, the results obtained are more easily related to the fundamental tear properties
of the material and are less sensitive to modulus effects (provided that the leg extension
is negligible) and the rate of propagation of the tear is directly related to the rate of grip
separation. With some rubbers, the propagation of tear is not smooth (knotty tear), and
analysis of results may be difficult.
Method B, procedure (a). Using an angle test piece without nick
This test is a combination of tear initiation and propagation. Stress is built up at the point
of the angle until it is sufficient to initiate a tear and then further stresses propagate this
tear. However it is only possible to measure the overall force required rupturing the test
piece, and, therefore, the force cannot be resolved in two components producing
initiation and propagation.
Method B, procedure (b). Using an angle test piece with nick
This test measures the force required to propagate a nick already produced in the test
piece. The rate of propagation is not directly related to the jaw speed.
Method C. Using a crescent test piece
This test also measures the force required to propagate a nick already produced in the
test piece and the rate of propagation is not related to the jaw speed.
Note. A method for the determination of the tear strength of small test pieces of rubber (Delft test
pieces) is specified in ISO 34-2.
2 Normative References
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this Standard. For dated reference, the subsequent modification
or revisions of these publications do not apply. However, all parties who enter into an
agreement according to this Standard are encouraged to study whether the latest edition
of these documents is applicable. For undated references, the latest edition of the
normative document is applicable to this Standard. For undated references, the latest
edition of the normative document is applicable to this Standard.
GB/T 2941 Rubber - General Procedures for Preparing and Conditioning Test Pieces
for Physical Test Methods (GB/T2941-2006, ISO 23529.2004, IDT)
GB/T 12833 Rubber and Plastics - Analysis of Multi-peak Traces Obtained in
Determinations of Tear Strength and Adhesion Strength (GB/T 12833-2006, ISO
6133.1998, IDT)
GB/T 14838 Rubber and Rubber Products - Determination of Precision for Test
Method Standards(GB/T 14838-1993, neq ISO/TR 9272.1986)
ISO 5893 Rubber and Plastics Test Equipment - Tensile, Flexural and Compression
Types (Constant Rate of Traverse) - Specification
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
Trouser tear strength
Median force, calculated in accordance with GB/T 12833, required propagating a cut in a
specified trouser-shaped test piece by tearing, divided by the thickness of the test piece,
the force acting in a direction substantially in the plane of the cut.
3.2
Unnicked angle tear strength
Means shall be provided for clamping the test piece firmly, to fix the nick on a certain
position. The cutting tool, consisting of a razor blade or similar blade, shall be clamped in
a plane perpendicular to the major axis of the test piece, and positioned so as to
introduce the nick in the appropriate place. The blade clamping device shall permit no
lateral movement and shall be fitted in guides to enable the blade to be moved across