GB/T 5270-2024 English PDF (GB/T5270-2024)

GB/T 5270-2024: Metallic coatings on metallic substrates - Electrodeposited and chemically deposited coatings - Review of methods available for testing adhesion
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GB/T 5270-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 25.220.40
CCS A 29
Replacing GB/T 5270-2005
Metallic Coatings on Metallic Substrates – Electrodeposited
and Chemically Deposited Coatings – Review of Methods
Available for Testing Adhesion
(ISO 2819:2017, MOD)
ISSUED ON: JUNE 29, 2024
IMPLEMENTED ON: JANUARY 1, 2025
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative References ... 5
3 Terms and Definitions ... 5
4 Test Methods ... 6
4.1 Friction polishing test ... 6
4.2 Steel ball friction polishing test ... 6
4.3 Shot peening test ... 6
4.4 Peel test ... 7
4.5 File test ... 7
4.6 Grinding-sawing test ... 7
4.7 Chisel test ... 7
4.8 Scribing and cross-cutting test ... 8
4.9 Bend test ... 8
4.10 Wrapping Test ... 9
4.11 Tensile test ... 9
4.12 Thermal shock test ... 9
4.13 Deep-draw test ... 10
4.14 Cathode Test ... 11
4.15 Rockwell test ... 11
4.16 Scratch test ... 11
4.17 Cavitation test ... 11
5 General ... 12
Appendix A (Informative) Determination of Adhesion Strength of Silver Coating
(100μm~600μm) by Shot Peening Method ... 13
A.1 Overview ... 13
A.2 Test equipment ... 13
A.3 Procedures ... 13
A.4 Evaluation ... 15
A.5 Adjustment of shot peening intensity ... 15
Bibliography ... 16
Foreword
This Document was drafted as per the rules specified in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for
Standardization – Part 1: Rules for the Structure and Drafting of Standardizing Documents.
This Document replaced GB/T 5270-2005 Metallic Coatings on Metallic Substrates -
Electrodeposited and Chemically Deposited Coatings - Review of Methods Available for Testing
Adhesion. Compared with GB/T 5270-2005, the major technical changes of this Document are
as follows besides the structural adjustments and editorial modifications:
--- Add quantitative measurement method in tensile test (see 4.11.2 of this Edition);
--- Add Rockwell test (see 4.15 of this Edition);
--- Add scratch test (see 4.16 of this Edition);
--- Add cavitation test (see 4.17 of this Edition).
This Document modified and adopted ISO 2819:2017 Metallic Coatings on Metallic Substrates
-Electrodeposited and Chemically Deposited Coatings - Review of Methods Available for
Testing Adhesion.
Compared with ISO 2819:2017, this Document made the following structural adjustments:
--- Split Figure A.1 into Figures A.1 and A.2; and add corresponding reference content to
comply with China’s technical requirements.
The technical differences and causes between this Document and ISO 2819:2017 are as follows:
--- Add the scope of application (see Clause 1 of this Document) to meet the technical
requirements of China;
--- Add the principle of cavitation test (see 4.17 of this Document) to facilitate understanding.
This Document made the following editorial modifications:
--- Use national standards to replace the cited international standards to facilitate use.
This Document was proposed by China Machinery Industry Federation.
This Document shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Metallic
and Non-Metallic Coatings of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 57).
Drafting organizations of this Document: China Academy of Machinery, Wuhan Research
Institute of Materials Protection Co., Ltd.; Zhengzhou Coal Machinery Zhiding Hydraulic Co.,
Ltd.; Guangzhou Sanfu New Materials Technology Co., Ltd.; Zhejiang Dongci Technology Co.,
Ltd.; Hunan Yongsheng New Materials Co., Ltd.; Dongguan Jinluan Hardware Products Co.,
Metallic Coatings on Metallic Substrates – Electrodeposited
and Chemically Deposited Coatings – Review of Methods
Available for Testing Adhesion
Warning: When special methods for adhesion strength tests are specified in national
standards for specific coatings, the methods described in this Document should be used
first, and the prior agreement of both the supplier and the purchaser should be obtained.
1 Scope
This Document reviews the test methods for checking the adhesion strength of electrodeposited
and chemically deposited coatings, which are limited to qualitative tests.
This Document applies to the selection of test methods for adhesion strength of electrodeposited
and chemically deposited coatings on metallic substrates.
This Document does not describe some quantitative test methods for the adhesion strength of
metallic coatings and substrates developed at different times. Because such tests require special
equipment and considerable skills in operation, they are not suitable as quality control tests for
product parts, but some quantitative test methods can play a role in research and development
work.
2 Normative References
There are no normative references for this Document.
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this Document, there are no terms and definitions apply.
The websites of the terminology databases used in standardization work maintained by ISO and
IEC are as follows:
--- ISO Online Browsing Platform: http://www.iso.org/obp;
--- IEC Electronic Encyclopedia: http://www.electropedia.org/.
the structure of the deposit coating. These methods are particularly suitable for deposit coatings
of harder metals, such as nickel or chromium.
In any case, the obtained results shall be carefully analyzed because the ductility of the deposit
coating and the base metal is involved.
4.14 Cathode Test
The coating specimen is placed in the solution as a cathode, and hydrogen is precipitated on the
cathode. As hydrogen diffuses, pressure accumulates at any discontinuity between the coating
and the base metal, causing blistering of the coating.
In a 5% (mass fraction) sodium hydroxide (density 1.054 g/mL) solution, the specimen is
treated at a current density of 10A/dm2 and a temperature of 90℃ for 2 min; and small bubbles
are formed in the parts of the coating with poor adhesion strength. If there is still no blistering
in the coating after 15 min, the adhesion strength of the coating is good. In addition, sulfuric
acid (5%, mass fraction) solution can be used; under the conditions of current density of
10A/dm2 and temperature of 60℃, after 5min~15min, the coating with poor adhesion strength
shall blister.
The electrolytic test is limited to the coating that can release hydrogen through the cathode. If
the adhesion strength of nickel or nickel-chromium coating is poor, the test is more appropriate.
Metal coatings such as lead, tin, zinc, copper or cadmium are not suitable for this test method.
4.15 Rockwell test
According to ISO 26443, this test uses a Rockwell indenter to indent the surface of the specimen.
After unloading the pressure, four adhesion strength levels from HF1 to HF4 are determined
according to the peeling state of the coating at the indentation.
4.16 Scratch test
According to EN1071 (all parts), this test uses a scratch tester to continuously scratch the
coating with a diamond indenter. During the scratching process, the pressure applied to the
indenter gradually increases until the coating begins to separate from the substrate. The critical
pressure value at which the coating begins to separate from the substrate is used as the
measurement value of the adhesion strength.
4.17 Cavitation test
When immersed in liquid, the surface of the coating specimen vibrates at high frequency to
produce cavitation damage. The vibration causes the formation and collapse of cavities in the
liquid; and the collapsed cavities damage and erode the coating. According to ASTM G32, the
adhesion strength of the coating may be related to the cavitation test load. The adhesion strength
is evaluated by measuring the coverage of the electrodeposited coating after the cavitation test.
GB/T 5270-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 25.220.40
CCS A 29
Replacing GB/T 5270-2005
Metallic Coatings on Metallic Substrates – Electrodeposited
and Chemically Deposited Coatings – Review of Methods
Available for Testing Adhesion
(ISO 2819:2017, MOD)
ISSUED ON: JUNE 29, 2024
IMPLEMENTED ON: JANUARY 1, 2025
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative References ... 5
3 Terms and Definitions ... 5
4 Test Methods ... 6
4.1 Friction polishing test ... 6
4.2 Steel ball friction polishing test ... 6
4.3 Shot peening test ... 6
4.4 Peel test ... 7
4.5 File test ... 7
4.6 Grinding-sawing test ... 7
4.7 Chisel test ... 7
4.8 Scribing and cross-cutting test ... 8
4.9 Bend test ... 8
4.10 Wrapping Test ... 9
4.11 Tensile test ... 9
4.12 Thermal shock test ... 9
4.13 Deep-draw test ... 10
4.14 Cathode Test ... 11
4.15 Rockwell test ... 11
4.16 Scratch test ... 11
4.17 Cavitation test ... 11
5 General ... 12
Appendix A (Informative) Determination of Adhesion Strength of Silver Coating
(100μm~600μm) by Shot Peening Method ... 13
A.1 Overview ... 13
A.2 Test equipment ... 13
A.3 Procedures ... 13
A.4 Evaluation ... 15
A.5 Adjustment of shot peening intensity ... 15
Bibliography ... 16
Foreword
This Document was drafted as per the rules specified in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for
Standardization – Part 1: Rules for the Structure and Drafting of Standardizing Documents.
This Document replaced GB/T 5270-2005 Metallic Coatings on Metallic Substrates -
Electrodeposited and Chemically Deposited Coatings - Review of Methods Available for Testing
Adhesion. Compared with GB/T 5270-2005, the major technical changes of this Document are
as follows besides the structural adjustments and editorial modifications:
--- Add quantitative measurement method in tensile test (see 4.11.2 of this Edition);
--- Add Rockwell test (see 4.15 of this Edition);
--- Add scratch test (see 4.16 of this Edition);
--- Add cavitation test (see 4.17 of this Edition).
This Document modified and adopted ISO 2819:2017 Metallic Coatings on Metallic Substrates
-Electrodeposited and Chemically Deposited Coatings - Review of Methods Available for
Testing Adhesion.
Compared with ISO 2819:2017, this Document made the following structural adjustments:
--- Split Figure A.1 into Figures A.1 and A.2; and add corresponding reference content to
comply with China’s technical requirements.
The technical differences and causes between this Document and ISO 2819:2017 are as follows:
--- Add the scope of application (see Clause 1 of this Document) to meet the technical
requirements of China;
--- Add the principle of cavitation test (see 4.17 of this Document) to facilitate understanding.
This Document made the following editorial modifications:
--- Use national standards to replace the cited international standards to facilitate use.
This Document was proposed by China Machinery Industry Federation.
This Document shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Metallic
and Non-Metallic Coatings of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 57).
Drafting organizations of this Document: China Academy of Machinery, Wuhan Research
Institute of Materials Protection Co., Ltd.; Zhengzhou Coal Machinery Zhiding Hydraulic Co.,
Ltd.; Guangzhou Sanfu New Materials Technology Co., Ltd.; Zhejiang Dongci Technology Co.,
Ltd.; Hunan Yongsheng New Materials Co., Ltd.; Dongguan Jinluan Hardware Products Co.,
Metallic Coatings on Metallic Substrates – Electrodeposited
and Chemically Deposited Coatings – Review of Methods
Available for Testing Adhesion
Warning: When special methods for adhesion strength tests are specified in national
standards for specific coatings, the methods described in this Document should be used
first, and the prior agreement of both the supplier and the purchaser should be obtained.
1 Scope
This Document reviews the test methods for checking the adhesion strength of electrodeposited
and chemically deposited coatings, which are limited to qualitative tests.
This Document applies to the selection of test methods for adhesion strength of electrodeposited
and chemically deposited coatings on metallic substrates.
This Document does not describe some quantitative test methods for the adhesion strength of
metallic coatings and substrates developed at different times. Because such tests require special
equipment and considerable skills in operation, they are not suitable as quality control tests for
product parts, but some quantitative test methods can play a role in research and development
work.
2 Normative References
There are no normative references for this Document.
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this Document, there are no terms and definitions apply.
The websites of the terminology databases used in standardization work maintained by ISO and
IEC are as follows:
--- ISO Online Browsing Platform: http://www.iso.org/obp;
--- IEC Electronic Encyclopedia: http://www.electropedia.org/.
the structure of the deposit coating. These methods are particularly suitable for deposit coatings
of harder metals, such as nickel or chromium.
In any case, the obtained results shall be carefully analyzed because the ductility of the deposit
coating and the base metal is involved.
4.14 Cathode Test
The coating specimen is placed in the solution as a cathode, and hydrogen is precipitated on the
cathode. As hydrogen diffuses, pressure accumulates at any discontinuity between the coating
and the base metal, causing blistering of the coating.
In a 5% (mass fraction) sodium hydroxide (density 1.054 g/mL) solution, the specimen is
treated at a current density of 10A/dm2 and a temperature of 90℃ for 2 min; and small bubbles
are formed in the parts of the coating with poor adhesion strength. If there is still no blistering
in the coating after 15 min, the adhesion strength of the coating is good. In addition, sulf...