GB/T 4689.21-2008 English PDF (GB/T4689.21-2008)

GB/T 4689.21-2008: Leather -- Physical and mechanical tests -- Determination of the static absorption of water
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GB/T 4689.21-2008
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 59.140.30
Y 46
Replacing GB/T 4689.21-1996
Leather - Physical and Mechanical Tests -
Determination of the Static Absorption of Water
(ISO 2417:2002, MOD)
ISSUED ON: JULY 31, 2008
IMPLEMENTED ON: MAY 1, 2009
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 5 
2 Normative References ... 5 
3 Principle ... 5 
4 Instruments ... 5 
5 Sampling and Test Conditions ... 6 
6 Procedures ... 7 
7 Result Expression ... 8 
8 Test Report ... 8 
Leather - Physical and Mechanical Tests -
Determination of the Static Absorption of Water
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the determination method for leather in the static absorption
of water.
This Standard is applicable to various types of leather.
2 Normative References
Through the reference in this Standard, the clauses of the following documents
become clauses of this Standard. In terms of references with a specified date, all the
subsequent modification sheets (excluding the corrected content) or revised versions
are not applicable to this Standard. However, the various parties that reach an
agreement in accordance with this Standard are encouraged to explore the possibility
of adopting the latest version of these documents. In terms of references without a
specified date, the latest version is applicable to this Standard.
GB/T 6682-1992 Water for Laboratory Use - Specification and Test Methods (neq ISO
3696:1987)
QB/T 2706 Leather - Chemical, Physical and Mechanical and Fastness Tests -
Sampling Location (QB/T 2706-2005, ISO 2418:2002, MOD)
QB/T 2707 Leather - Physical and Mechanical Tests - Sample Preparation and
Conditioning (QB/T 2707-2005, ISO 2419:2002, MOD)
QB/T 2715 Leather - Physical and Mechanical Tests - Determination of Apparent
Density (QB/T 2715-2005, ISO 2420:2002, MOD)
3 Principle
Immerse a specimen of a certain mass and a certain volume in water; let it stand for a
specified time, then, determine the water absorption of the specimen.
4 Instruments
4.1 Kubelka, made of glass (se Figure 1), with a minimum scale of 0.1 mL and an
accuracy of ± 0.05 mL. The total volume of the spherical part (A) and the graduated
6 Procedures
6.1 Clean the kubelka (4.1); ensure that it is clean and free of grease. Use the distilled
water or deionized water (4.5) to wet the inner surface of the kubelka; pour out the
excess water.
6.2 Place Part A of the kubelka at the bottom and Part B upwards; add the distilled
water or deionized water (4.5), which is at 20 °C ± 2 °C or 23 °C ± 2 °C. Maintain the
liquid level between 0 mL and 1 mL of the scale; record the scale reading.
6.3 Place the specimen into Part B of the kubelka; tilt the kubelka, so that the distilled
water slowly flows into Part B, so as to completely immerse the specimen. Place the
kubelka on a horizontal surface; use the rubber stopper C to cover the mouth, so as to
prevent the evaporation of water.
6.4 After the specimen is immersed for the specified time (see NOTE 1 of 6.5), lift up
Part B, so that the water flows into Part A. 1 min after the water-flowing is finished,
read the scale of water; calculate the water absorption.
6.5 If it is required to determine the water absorption at intervals, then, promptly lay the
kubelka flatwise, so that the water flows back to Part B of the cylinder. Re-immerse the
specimen, then, repeat the operation of 6.4.
NOTE 1: for most tests, it is sufficient to determine the water absorption in two time periods.
If possible, the determination may be carried out in accordance with the following
time periods: 15 min ± 0.2 min, 30 min ± 0.2 min, 60 min ± 0.2 min, 120 min ±
0.2 min, 24 h ± 0.1 h.
NOTE 2: the 1 min of water control after the water flows from Part B into Part A cannot be
counted as the time of water absorption of the specimen in the previous time
period, but it shall be regarded as the water absorption time in the next time
period. For example: in the determination of water absorption of the same
specimen in 15 min and 60 min, the start time is recorded as “0”, and the
subsequent operation time is:
---15 min, start water draining (the water flows from Part B into Part A);
---16 min, read the scale of water; make the water flow back again to immerse
the specimen;
---60 min, start draining (the water flows from Part B into Part A);
---61 min, read the scale of water.
GB/T 4689.21-2008
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 59.140.30
Y 46
Replacing GB/T 4689.21-1996
Leather - Physical and Mechanical Tests -
Determination of the Static Absorption of Water
(ISO 2417:2002, MOD)
ISSUED ON: JULY 31, 2008
IMPLEMENTED ON: MAY 1, 2009
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 5 
2 Normative References ... 5 
3 Principle ... 5 
4 Instruments ... 5 
5 Sampling and Test Conditions ... 6 
6 Procedures ... 7 
7 Result Expression ... 8 
8 Test Report ... 8 
Leather - Physical and Mechanical Tests -
Determination of the Static Absorption of Water
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the determination method for leather in the static absorption
of water.
This Standard is applicable to various types of leather.
2 Normative References
Through the reference in this Standard, the clauses of the following documents
become clauses of this Standard. In terms of references with a specified date, all the
subsequent modification sheets (excluding the corrected content) or revised versions
are not applicable to this Standard. However, the various parties that reach an
agreement in accordance with this Standard are encouraged to explore the possibility
of adopting the latest version of these documents. In terms of references without a
specified date, the latest version is applicable to this Standard.
GB/T 6682-1992 Water for Laboratory Use - Specification and Test Methods (neq ISO
3696:1987)
QB/T 2706 Leather - Chemical, Physical and Mechanical and Fastness Tests -
Sampling Location (QB/T 2706-2005, ISO 2418:2002, MOD)
QB/T 2707 Leather - Physical and Mechanical Tests - Sample Preparation and
Conditioning (QB/T 2707-2005, ISO 2419:2002, MOD)
QB/T 2715 Leather - Physical and Mechanical Tests - Determination of Apparent
Density (QB/T 2715-2005, ISO 2420:2002, MOD)
3 Principle
Immerse a specimen of a certain mass and a certain volume in water; let it stand for a
specified time, then, determine the water absorption of the specimen.
4 Instruments
4.1 Kubelka, made of glass (se Figure 1), with a minimum scale of 0.1 mL and an
accuracy of ± 0.05 mL. The total volume of the spherical part (A) and the graduated
6 Procedures
6.1 Clean the kubelka (4.1); ensure that it is clean and free of grease. Use the distilled
water or deionized water (4.5) to wet the inner surface of the kubelka; pour out the
excess water.
6.2 Place Part A of the kubelka at the bottom and Part B upwards; add the distilled
water or deionized water (4.5), which is at 20 °C ± 2 °C or 23 °C ± 2 °C. Maintain the
liquid level between 0 mL and 1 mL of the scale; record the scale reading.
6.3 Place the specimen into Part B of the kubelka; tilt the kubelka, so that the distilled
water slowly flows into Part B, so as to completely immerse the specimen. Place the
kubelka on a horizontal surface; use the rubber stopper C to cover the mouth, so as to
prevent the evaporation of water.
6.4 After the specimen is immersed for the specified time (see NOTE 1 of 6.5), lift up
Part B, so that the water flows into Part A. 1 min after the water-flowing is finished,
read the scale of water; calculate the water absorption.
6.5 If it is required to determine the water absorption at intervals, then, promptly lay the
kubelka flatwise, so that the water flows back to Part B of the cylinder. Re-immerse the
specimen, then, repeat the operation of 6.4.
NOTE 1: for most tests, it is sufficient to determine the water absorption in two time periods.
If possible, the determination may be carried out in accordance with the following
time periods: 15 min ± 0.2 min, 30 min ± 0.2 min, 60 min ± 0.2 min, 120 min ±
0.2 min, 24 h ± 0.1 h.
NOTE 2: the 1 min of water control after the water flows from Part B into Part A cannot be
counted as the time of water absorption of the specimen in the previous time
period, but it shall be regarded as the water absorption time in the next time
period. For example: in the determination of water absorption of the same
specimen in 15 min and 60 min, the start time is recorded as “0”, and the
subsequent operation time is:
---15 min, start water draining (the water flows from Part B into Part A);
---16 min, read the scale of water; make the water flow back again to immerse
the specimen;
---60 min, start draining (the water flows from Part B into Part A);
---61 min, read the scale of water.