GB/T 44153-2024 English PDF (GB/T44153-2024)

GB/T 44153-2024: General technical requirements for glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles
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GB/T 44153-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.040.60
CCS T 26
General Technical Requirements for Glazing Materials Used
in Power-Driven Vehicles
ISSUED ON. JUNE 29, 2024
IMPLEMENTED ON. JANUARY 1, 2025
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 5
1 Scope... 6
2 Normative References... 6
3 Terms and Definitions... 7
4 Classification... 11
5 Technical Requirements... 12
5.1 General... 12
5.2 Thickness deviation... 12
5.3 Dimensional deviation... 13
5.4 Curvature tolerance... 15
5.5 Overlap difference... 16
5.6 Appearance quality... 17
5.7 Edge quality... 20
5.8 Marking quality... 21
5.9 Visible light transmittance... 22
5.10 Solar properties... 22
5.11 Secondary image deviation... 23
5.12 Optical distortion... 23
5.13 Pedestrian impact safety... 23
5.14 Head model impact performance... 23
5.15 Penetration resistance... 23
5.16 Impact resistance... 23
5.17 Fragmentation state... 24
5.18 Flammability resistance... 24
5.19 Chemical corrosion resistance... 24
5.20 Abrasion resistance... 24
5.21 Heat resistance... 24
5.22 Radiation resistance... 25
5.23 Moisture resistance... 25
5.24 Temperature change resistance... 26
5.25 Simulated weather resistance... 26
5.26 Flexibility and folding test... 26
General Technical Requirements for Glazing Materials Used
in Power-Driven Vehicles
1 Scope
This Document specifies the terms and definitions, classification, technical requirements, test
methods, inspection rules, packaging, transportation and storage for glazing materials used in
power-driven vehicles.
This Document applies to glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles including Types-M,
-N, -O, and -L vehicles with cabs, as well as agricultural and forestry special vehicles.
This Document does not apply to glass for power-driven vehicle lighting and signal devices
and instrument panels.
Note. For the classification of Types-L, -M, -N, and -O vehicles, see GB/T 15089.
2 Normative References
The provisions in following documents become the essential provisions of this Document
through reference in this Document. For the dated documents, only the versions with the dates
indicated are applicable to this Document; for the undated documents, only the latest version
(including all the amendments) is applicable to this Document.
GB/T 5137.1-2020 Test methods of safety glazing materials used on road vehicles—Part
1.Mechanical properties tests
GB/T 5137.2 Test methods of safety glazing materials used on road vehicles - Part 2.
Optical properties tests
GB/T 5137.3 Test methods of safety glazing materials used on road vehicles - Part 3.
Radiation, high temperature, humidity, fire and simulated weathering resistance tests
GB/T 5137.4 Test methods of safety glazing materials used on road vehicles - Part 4.
Determination of solar characteristic
GB/T 5137.5 Test methods of safety glazing materials used on road vehicles - Part 5.
Resistant-to-chemical and resistant-to-temperature changes test
GB 9656-2021 Safety technical specification for glazing materials used in power-driven
Safety glass that is made of single-layer glass through special heat treatment to increase its
mechanical strength and can control the state of its fragments after breaking.
[SOURCE. QC/T 1119-2019, 2.1.4]
3.5 Laminated safety glass
Safety glass that is made of two or more layers of glass bonded together with one or more
interlayers.
[SOURCE. QC/T 1119-2019, 2.1.5]
3.6 Glass-plastic safety glazing material
It is composed of one or more layers of inorganic materials and one or more layers of organic
materials, and after installation, the side facing the passenger is organic material.
[SOURCE. QC/T 1119-2019, 2.1.2]
3.7 Insulating safety glazing unit
A glass assembly that is any combination of tempered safety glass, laminated safety glass and
plastic-glass composite materials, evenly separated by spacers, and sealed by bonding around
the perimeter.
[SOURCE. GB 9656-2021, 3.7]
3.8 Rigid plastic glazing pane
Organic polymer materials that maintain their structural rigidity within the intended use range.
[SOURCE. QC/T 1119-2019, 2.1.3.1]
3.9 Insulating rigid plastic glazing panes unit
A rigid plastic assembly that is composed of two or more rigid plastic glasses, separated by
spacer strips or other spacing methods, and bonded and sealed around the periphery to form a
dry gas space between the rigid plastic layers.
3.10 Safety glazing faced with plastic material
Glass that is made by sticking plastic film on the inner surface of tempered safety glass,
laminated safety glass or insulating safety glazing unit composed of tempered safety glass
and/or laminated safety glass.
[SOURCE. GB 9656-2021, 3.9]
3.11 Windscreen
4.4 According to the shape, it is divided into flat glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles
and curved glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles. Curved glazing materials used in
power-driven vehicles is further divided into single curved glazing materials used in power-
driven vehicles and compound curved glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles.
5 Technical Requirements
5.1 General
5.1.1 Laminated safety glass, plastic-glass safety glazing material and tempered safety glass are
applicable to any part of a power-driven vehicle. When tempered safety glass is used for the
windscreen, it is only applicable to vehicles with a design speed of less than 40 km/h; insulating
safety glazing unit, rigid plastic glazing pane and insulating rigid plastic glazing panes unit are
applicable to any glass panes other than windscreen.
5.1.2 The glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles that are used as a substrate of safety
glazing faced with plastic material shall comply with the provisions of the corresponding
clauses of this Document. The functional film used for safety glazing faced with plastic material
shall comply with the requirements of QC/T 1170.In addition to meeting the requirements
specified in this Document, the safety glazing faced with plastic material shall also meet the
requirements of GB/T 31849.
5.1.3 The glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles constituting safety insulating safety
glazing unit shall also meet the corresponding technical requirements specified in this
Document.
5.1.4 When the glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles claim to have other functional
characteristics other than the inspection items specified in this Document, such as color change,
anti-theft, sound insulation, heat insulation or bulletproof, etc.; the functional characteristics
shall meet the requirements of the corresponding functional product standards. If there is no
corresponding product standard for the functional characteristics, it shall be agreed upon by the
supplier and the purchaser.
5.1.5 The windows of Types-M1 and -N1 vehicles should meet the Class I requirements in
terms of size deviation, curvature tolerance, overlap difference, appearance quality and edge
quality.
5.2 Thickness deviation
The thickness tolerance range of glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles should meet
the requirements of Table 1.If there are special requirements, the appropriate tolerance range
can be formulated with reference to GB 11614 or agreed upon by the supplier and the purchaser.
When the sum of the nominal thickness of the intermediate layer of the laminated safety glass
and the plastic-glass safety glazing material is less than or equal to 0.76mm, the thickness
deviation of the intermediate layer should not be considered. When the sum of the nominal
5.28 Edge stress
The edge compressive stress of laminated safety glass and glass-plastic safety glazing material
shall be no less than 7MPa; and the edge tensile stress should be no more than 7MPa; and the
compressive stress at the same measuring position shall be greater than the tensile stress. If the
laminated safety glass and glass-plastic safety glazing material are treated by other processes
such as thermal strengthening and chemical strengthening, their edge stress shall be determined
through negotiation between the supplier and the purchaser.
5.29 Dew point
The dew point of insulating safety glazing unit shall be lower than -40℃.
5.30 Accelerated durability
After the test, the dew point of insulating safety glazing unit shall be lower than -35℃.
6 Test Method
6.1 General
6.1.1 If the test item has no effect on the performance of the specimen, the specimen can be
used to continue the test of other items. When a special test piece is used for testing, the test
piece shall be produced with the same structure, material and process conditions as the product.
6.1.2 Unless otherwise specified, the film-coating process of the safety glazing faced with
plastic material specimen shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 31848.
6.1.3 Unless otherwise specified, the relevant test methods for insulating rigid plastic glazing
panes unit are the same as those for rigid plastic glazing pane.
6.2 Thickness deviation
6.2.1 Specimen
The product is a specimen.
6.2.2 Apparatus
6.2.2.1 Rigid plastic glazing pane and insulating rigid plastic glazing panes unit
A micrometer with a graduation value of 0.1mm. Other measuring instruments with equal or
higher accuracy may also be used.
6.2.2.2 Other glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles except rigid plastic glazing
pane and insulating rigid plastic glazing panes unit
A micrometer with a graduation value of 0.01mm. Other measuring instruments with equal or
higher accuracy may also be used.
6.2.3 Test procedures
6.2.3.1 Other glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles except insulating rigid
plastic glazing panes unit
For other glass except head-up display windscreen, measure the thickness at the midpoint of
each side of the specimen, and take the arithmetic mean of the measurement results as the
thickness of the specimen. The head-up display windscreen should be measured at the minimum
and maximum thickness positions provided by the manufacturer. Safety glazing faced with
plastic material should be measured after removing the film layer AND the glue layer between
the film layer and the glass. If there are special requirements, it can also be measured together
with the film. Rigid plastic glazing pane shall be placed at a temperature of 23℃±2℃ and a
relative humidity of 50%±5% for at least 48 h before thickness measurement. The thickness
deviation of the specimen is the measured value of the specimen thickness minus the nominal
value.
6.2.3.2 Insulating rigid plastic glazing panes unit
6.2.3.2.1 Before measuring the thickness, the specimen shall be placed at a temperature of
23℃±2℃ and a relative humidity of 50%±5% for at least 48 h.
6.2.3.2.2 Measure the thickness at the midpoint of each side of the specimen, and take the
arithmetic mean of the measurement results as the edge thickness of the specimen.
6.2.3.2.3 Measure the thickness at the geometric center of the specimen and use this thickness
as the center thickness of the specimen. The specimen shall be placed vertically during
measurement, and the geometric center of the specimen shall be prevented from being deformed
by force.
6.2.3.2.4 Measure the thickness of the hollow cavity at the geometric center of the specimen
and use this thickness as the center air layer thickness of the specimen. If the center air layer
thickness of the specimen cannot be measured while maintaining the integrity of the specimen,
the specimen can be destroyed before measurement. When destroying, care shall be taken to
avoid deformation of the plastic at the measuring point. Measure the center thickness of the
specimen before destruction; and measure the thickness of each rigid plastic sheet at the
geometric center of the specimen after destruction. The center air layer thickness of the
specimen minus the thickness of each rigid plastic sheet is taken as the center air layer thickness
of the specimen. It shall be noted that the result is directly measured or calculated.
6.2.3.2.5 The thickness deviation of the specimen is the actual value of the specimen thickness
minus the nominal value.
6.2.4 Rounding of values
6.3.3.5 If there are support pins or nails when the specimen is installed, the sample rack or
inspection fixture shall also be designed with the same support pins or nails as the actual
installation, and the specimen shall be measured close to it.
6.3.3.6 The results shall be rounded to 0.1mm.
6.4 Curvature tolerance
6.4.1 Specimen
The product shall be used as a specimen.
6.4.2 Device
The same test device as specified in 6.3.2.
6.4.3 Test procedures
Place the product on the test sample rack or inspection fixture according to the method in 6.3.3;
and measure the gap between the product and the test sample rack or inspection fixture, which
is basically perpendicular to the surface of the sample rack or inspection fixture. The
measurement points and quantity can be agreed upon by the supplier and the purchaser; and the
maximum measured gap is used as the curvature tolerance of the specimen. The result is
rounded to 0.1mm. If there are support pins or nails when the specimen is installed, the sample
rack or inspection fixture shall also be designed with the same support pins or nails as the actual
installation. The specific measurement method can be agreed upon by the supplier and the
purchaser.
6.5 Overlap difference
6.5.1 Specimen
The product is used as a specimen.
6.5.2 Device
The following device is used for the test, and other measuring instruments with equal or higher
accuracy can also be used.
a) Feeler gauge with a graduation value of 0.1mm;
b) Steel ruler with a graduation value of 1mm.
6.5.3 Test procedures
Use a steel ruler, feeler gauge and other auxiliary devices, such as a straight thin wire, to
measur...