GB/T 43822-2024 English PDF (GB/T43822-2024)

GB/T 43822-2024: Textiles - Determination of the drying rate of fabrics at their absorbent capacity
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GB/T 43822-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 59.080.30
CCS W 04
Textiles – Determination of the Drying Rate of Fabrics at
Their Absorbent Capacity
ISSUED ON. MARCH 15, 2024
IMPLEMENTED ON. OCTOBER 1, 2024
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 4
2 Normative References... 4
3 Terms and Definitions... 4
4 Principle... 5
5 Test Instruments and Reagents... 5
6 Humidifying and Test Atmosphere... 6
7 Sampling... 7
8 Test Procedures... 7
9 Results and Calculations... 8
10 Test Report... 11
Textiles – Determination of the Drying Rate of Fabrics at
Their Absorbent Capacity
1 Scope
This Document describes the test method for the drying rate of fabrics at their absorbent
capacity under specified conditions.
This Document is applicable to all types of fabrics and their products.
2 Normative References
The provisions in following documents become the essential provisions of this Document
through reference in this Document. For the dated documents, only the versions with the dates
indicated are applicable to this Document; for the undated documents, only the latest version
(including all the amendments) is applicable to this Document.
GB/T 6529 Textiles - Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
GB/T 6682 Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this Document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 Absorbent capacity
The maximum amount of water that a specimen can absorb under specified conditions.
3.2 Drying rate
The amount of water evaporated from the specimen per unit time under specified conditions.
NOTE. The drying rate is affected by factors such as sample structure, fiber composition, finishing
process, test atmospheric conditions and test water addition, etc.
3.3 Drying time
The time required for all the water applied to the specimen to evaporate under specified
conditions.
NOTE. This Document adds a series of different volumes of water to the specimen, and different volumes
of water correspond to different drying times.
3.4 Start time
When water is added to the specimen, the moment when the specimen comes into contact with
the water.
3.5 End time
The moment when all the water applied to the specimen evaporates.
NOTE. This is the moment corresponding to the intersection of the fitting straight line with the maximum
slope before the water is completely dried and the fitting straight line with the flat part of the curve after
the water is completely dried on the temperature-time curve.
4 Principle
The absorbent capacity Vm of the specimen was determined under specified conditions; and
then the volumes of water drops that were approximately 10%, 25%, 50%, 75% and no more
than 90% of Vm were selected as the water addition amounts; and added to the specimen,
respectively. The time required for the specimen to return to the initial temperature after each
water addition was measured; and the drying rate corresponding to each water addition amount
was calculated. The five groups of data with different water addition amounts and their
corresponding drying rates were fitted nonlinearly; and the drying rate of the specimen at the
absorbent capacity was calculated.
5 Test Instruments and Reagents
5.1 Temperature recorder, which can record and store the temperature change of the specimen
every second and transmit data to the computer.
5.2 Infrared temperature sensor, the temperature measurement range includes (15±0.1) ℃ ~
(50±0.1) ℃.
5.3 Bellows, which is equipped with a fan. When the specimen is not clamped, it can provide a
wind speed of (2.5±0.5) m/s in the specimen clamping area with a diameter of (13±0.1) cm.
5.4 Micropipette or high-precision pipette pump, with an accuracy of ±0.003mL.
5.5 Water-absorbing paper or water drop detector; water-absorbing paper, about 14cm long and
5cm wide, can obviously observe the color change after absorbing water. Water drop detector,
which can detect whether there are water drops dripping from the specimen.
5.6 Anemometer, measuring range includes (0.1±0.1) m/s ~ (5.0±0.1) m/s, installed at the
7 Sampling
7.1 For fabric samples, cut a full-width fabric of more than 0.5 m for each sample; and avoid
sampling more than 2 m from the end of the piece. For finished products, at least 1 unit shall
be taken.
7.2 For fabric samples, when cutting, the samples shall be evenly arranged in an area more than
150 mm from the edge of the fabric. Each specimen shall not be in the same position in the
warp (longitudinal) and weft (transverse) directions. The number of the cut specimens shall be
3, and the size shall be (15.0±0.5) cm × (15.0±0.5) cm. For finished products, the specimens
shall be selected from representative parts. Sampling shall avoid defects and wrinkles that affect
the test results.
8 Test Procedures
8.1 Use the sample holder (5.7) to install the specimen, with the test surface facing upwards,
flatly and evenly in the sample holding area of the test instrument (see Figure 1). Avoid large
deformation of the specimen at the same time. Before turning on the fan in the bellows (5.3),
there shall be no serious depression in the center of the specimen.
8.2 Use a micropipette or a high-precision pipette pump (5.4) to titrate about 0.05 mL of water
on the surface of the specimen. Measure the time required for the water drop to completely
diffuse from the contact with the specimen surface and no longer show mirror reflection, which
is the water drop absorption time of the specimen. If the water drop absorption time is less than
or equal to 30 s, continue the test; if the water drop absorption time is greater than 30 s, stop
the test and the sample is not suitable for this method. Turn on the fan in the bellows (5.3) for
5 min to dry the specimen, and then turn off the fan.
8.3 If the bellows box is transparent, absorbent paper can be used to detect water leakage. Install
the absorbent paper (5.5) on the water leakage detection plate (5.8); if the bellows box is non-
transparent, a water drop detector shall be used to detect water leakage.
8.4 Turn on the fan in the bellows (5.3). The surface of the specimen may be slightly concave.
The position of the infrared temperature sensor shall be adjusted to (1±0.1) cm above the center
of the specimen surface. After the fan is turned on for 5 min, the specimen is dried to a stable
state. Measure the temperature of the specimen at this time, which is the initial temperature of
the specimen.
8.5 Use a micropipette or a high-precision pipette pump (5.4) to titrate (0.100±0.003) mL of
water at the center of the specimen surface at a speed of (0.200±0.003) mL/s. Keep adding
water to the specimen surface at a rate of (0.200±0.003) mL/s. Start adding water when the
micropipette or high-precision pipette pump contacts the specimen.
8.6 Observe whether leakage occurs. If no leakage occurs, dry the specimen until the specimen
temperature returns to the initial temperature (8.4) and the temperature curve tends to be stable.
Then add 0.100 mL of water to the last added amount of water; and then add water to the
specimen surface at a rate of (0.200±0.003) mL/s. If leakage occurs, dry the specimen until the
specimen temperature returns to the initial temperature (8.4) and the temperature curve tends
to be stable. Then remove the soaked absorbent paper; reinstall new absorbent paper; reduce
the amount of water by 10%; and then add water to the specimen surface at a rate of
(0.200±0.003) mL/s. Repeat the above operation until the maximum water volume, when the
water drop is completely absorbed by the specimen and there is no leakage, is estimated; that
is, the absorbent capacity of the specimen, Vm.
NOTE. After the specimen is dried, the specimen temperature may not be exactly the same as the initial
temperature.
8.7 Remove the leakage detection plate (5.8) and dry the specimen until the specimen
temperature returns to the initial temperature (8.4) and the temperature curve tends to be stable.
NOTE. When the specimen is dried, the specimen temperature may not be exactly the same as the initial
temperature.
8.8 Select a water drop volume close to but no greater than 90% Vm as the maximum water
addition amount; and select a water drop volume of approximately 10%, 25%, 50% and 75%
of Vm as the other 4 water addition amounts; and conduct a total of 5 drying rate tests. For
example, if the Vm of a specimen is 0.470 mL, the selected water addition volumes shall be
approximately 0.050 mL, 0.100 mL, 0.200 mL, 0.300 mL and 0.400 mL.
8.9 Add the minimum amount of water in a series of water additions to the position of the
specimen corresponding to the infrared temperature sensor. The temperature recorder (5.1)
records the temperature change of the specimen test position every second until the specimen
temperature returns to the initial temperature (8.4) and the temperature curve tends to be stable.
Use an anemometer (5.6) to measure and record the wind speed during the test.
NOTE. When the specimen is drying, the specimen temperature may not be exactly the same as the initial
temperature.
8.10 Repeat procedure 8.9 for another 4 volumes of water.
8.11 Repeat procedures 8.1 ~ 8.10 for the other 2 specimens for testing.
9 Results and Calculations
9.1 Analyze the data in the temperature recorder and draw the data graphs corresponding to the
temperature and time in the 5 drying rate tests.
9.2 Determine the start time and the end time. The start time is the moment when water is added
to the specimen (t1 in Figure 2); and the end time is the moment corresponding to the
GB/T 43822-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 59.080.30
CCS W 04
Textiles – Determination of the Drying Rate of Fabrics at
Their Absorbent Capacity
ISSUED ON. MARCH 15, 2024
IMPLEMENTED ON. OCTOBER 1, 2024
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 4
2 Normative References... 4
3 Terms and Definitions... 4
4 Principle... 5
5 Test Instruments and Reagents... 5
6 Humidifying and Test Atmosphere... 6
7 Sampling... 7
8 Test Procedures... 7
9 Results and Calculations... 8
10 Test Report... 11
Textiles – Determination of the Drying Rate of Fabrics at
Their Absorbent Capacity
1 Scope
This Document describes the test method for the drying rate of fabrics at their absorbent
capacity under specified conditions.
This Document is applicable to all types of fabrics and their products.
2 Normative References
The provisions in following documents become the essential provisions of this Document
through reference in this Document. For the dated documents, only the versions with the dates
indicated are applicable to this Document; for the undated documents, only the latest version
(including all the amendments) is applicable to this Document.
GB/T 6529 Textiles - Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
GB/T 6682 Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this Document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 Absorbent capacity
The maximum amount of water that a specimen can absorb under specified conditions.
3.2 Drying rate
The amount of water evaporated from the specimen per unit time under specified conditions.
NOTE. The drying rate is affected by factors such as sample structure, fiber composition, finishing
process, test atmospheric conditions and test water addition, etc.
3.3 Drying time
The time required for all the water applied to the specimen to evaporate under specified
conditions.
NOTE. This Document adds a series of different volumes of water to the specimen, and different volumes
of water correspond to different drying times.
3.4 Start time
When water is added to the specimen, the moment when the specimen comes into contact with
the water.
3.5 End time
The moment when all the water applied to the specimen evaporates.
NOTE. This is the moment corresponding to the intersection of the fitting straight line with the maximum
slope before the water is completely dried and the fitting straight line with the flat part of the curve after
the water is completely dried on the temperature-time curve.
4 Principle
The absorbent capacity Vm of the specimen was determined under specified conditions; and
then the volumes of water drops that were approximately 10%, 25%, 50%, 75% and no more
than 90% of Vm were selected as the water addition amounts; and added to the specimen,
respectively. The time required for the specimen to return to the initial temperature after each
water addition was measured; and the drying rate corresponding to each water addition amount
was calculated. The five groups of data with different water addition amounts and their
corresponding drying rates were fitted nonlinearly; and the drying rate of the specimen at the
absorbent capacity was calculated.
5 Test Instruments and Reagents
5.1 Temperature recorder, which can record and store the temperature change of the specimen
every second and transmit data to the computer.
5.2 Infrared temperature sensor, the temperature measurement range includes (15±0.1) ℃ ~
(50±0.1) ℃.
5.3 Bellows, which is equipped with a fan. When the specimen is not clamped, it can provide a
wind speed of (2.5±0.5) m/s in the specimen clamping area with a diameter of (13±0.1) cm.
5.4 Micropipette or high-precision pipette pump, with an accuracy of ±0.003mL.
5.5 Water-absorbing paper or water drop detector; water-absorbing paper, about 14cm long and
5cm wide, can obviously observe the color change after absorbing water. Water drop detector,
which can detect whether there are water drops dripping from the specimen.
5.6 Anem...