GB/T 4357-2022 English PDF (GBT4357-2022)

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GB/T 4357-2022: Cold-drawn unalloyed steel wire for springs
GB/T 4357-2022
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 77.140.56
CCS H 49
Replacing GB/T 4357-2009
Cold-drawn unalloyed steel wire for springs
(ISO 8458-2:2002, Steel wire for mechanical springs - Part 2: Patented cold-drawn
non-alloy steel wire, MOD)
ISSUED ON: APRIL 15, 2022
IMPLEMENTED ON: NOVEMBER 01, 2022
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 4 
1 Scope ... 6 
2 Normative references ... 6 
3 Terms and definitions... 7 
4 Classification and marking ... 9 
4.1 Classification ... 9 
4.2 Marking ... 9 
5 Order contents ... 10 
6 Dimensions and shape requirements ... 10 
6.1 Dimensions and allowable deviation ... 10 
6.2 Out-of-roundness ... 12 
6.3 Cast of steel wire ... 13 
6.4 Straightness of straight wire ... 13 
7 Technical requirements ... 14 
7.1 Materials ... 14 
7.2 Surface state and requirements ... 14 
7.3 Surface quality ... 16 
7.4 Mechanical properties ... 16 
7.5 Process performance ... 16 
7.6 Welding ... 17 
8 Test methods ... 22 
8.1 Dimensions and appearance ... 22 
8.2 Plating ... 22 
8.3 Surface quality ... 23 
8.4 Mechanical properties ... 23 
8.5 Process performance ... 23 
8.6 Other test methods ... 23 
9 Inspection rules ... 24 
9.1 Inspection and acceptance ... 24 
9.2 Group-batching rules ... 24 
9.3 Spot check and sampling ... 24 
9.4 Re-inspection ... 24 
9.5 Numerical rounding and determination ... 24 
10 Packaging, transportation, storage, marking, quality certificate ... 26 
10.1 Packaging, transportation, storage ... 26 
10.2 Markings and quality certificates ... 26 
Appendix A (Informative) Comparison of structure numbers between this document
and ISO 8458-2:2002 ... 27 
Appendix B (Informative) Technical differences between this document and ISO 8458-
2:2002 and their reasons ... 28 
Appendix C (Informative) Suggestions for the use of steel wires ... 30 
References ... 33 
Cold-drawn unalloyed steel wire for springs
1 Scope
This document specifies the classification and marking, order content, size and shape
requirements, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, packaging,
transportation, storage, marking, quality certificates for the manufacture of cold-drawn
non-alloy steel wire for springs.
This document applies to cold-drawn non-alloy steel wire for spring (hereinafter
referred to as steel wire) of circular cross-section, for the manufacture of mechanical
springs for static and dynamic load applications. The standard tensile strength of
special-shaped (such as square) spring steel wire can adopt the value, which is
corresponding to the specification of the equivalent cross-sectional area, in this
document.
This document does not apply to steel wire for the manufacture of springs, which have
high fatigue strength (e.g., valve springs).
2 Normative references
The provisions in following documents become the provisions of this Standard through
reference in this Standard. For the dated documents, only the versions with the dates
indicated are applicable to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest
version (including all the amendments) is applicable to this standard.
GB/T 222 Permissible tolerances for chemical composition of steel products
GB/T 224 Determination of the depth of decarburization of steels (GB/T 224-2019,
ISO 3887:2017, MOD)
GB/T 228.1 Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 1: Method of test at room
temperature (GB/T 228.1-2010, ISO 6892-1: 2009, MOD)
GB/T 239.1 Metallic materials - Wire - Part 1: Simple torsion test (GB/T 239.1-
2012, ISO 7800: 2003, MOD)
GB/T 341 Steel wire - Classification and terminology
GB/T 342-2017 Dimension, shape, mass and tolerance of cold-drawn round square
and hexagonal steel wires (ISO 22034-2:2016, NEQ)
GB/T 1839 Test method for gravimetric determination of the mass per unit area of
galvanized coatings on steel products (GB/T 1839-2008, ISO 1460:1992, MOD)
GB/T 2103 General requirements for acceptance, packing, marking and quality
certification of steel wire
GB/T 2976 Metallic materials - Wire - Wrapping test (GB/T 2976-2020, ISO
7802:2013, MOD)
GB/T 18253-2018 Steel and steel products - Types of inspection documents (ISO
10474-2013, IDT)
GB/T 24242.1 Non-alloy steel wire rod for conversion to wire - Part 1: General
requirements (GB/T 24242.1-2020, ISO 16120-1: 2017, MOD)
GB/T 24242.2 Non-alloy steel wire rod for conversion to wire - Part 2: Specific
requirements for general purpose wire rod (GB/T 24242.2-2020, ISO 16120-2:2017,
MOD)
GB/T 24242.4 Non-alloy steel wire rod for conversion to wire - Part 4: Specific
requirements for special purpose wire rod (GB/T 24242.4-2020, ISO 16120-4:2017,
MOD)
GB/T 40342 Method for determination of aluminum content in hot dipped zinc-
aluminum alloy coating on steel wire
YB/T 081 Rule for rounding off of numerical values and judgement of testing values
for technical standards of metallurgy
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions, which are defined in GB/T 341, as well as the following
terms and definitions, apply to this document.
3.1
Patented
A heat treatment method, which places the medium carbon steel or high carbon steel,
that was heated for austenitizing, in a hot bath of appropriate temperature (such as
lead bath, salt bath, water bath, etc.) OR in a forced air flow (such as controlled air
cooling after rolling in a steel mill), for cooling purposes, to obtain sorbite or sorbite-
based metallography.
[Source: 5.50 of GB/T 7232-2012, and 3.3.14 of GB/T 341-2008, with modifications]
3.2
The 4.50 mm galvanized steel wire, which has high tensile strength grade AND is suitable for
statically loaded springs, is marked as:
4.50-SH-ZN-GB/T 4357-2022
5 Order contents
The order contracts under this document shall contain the following requirements:
a) This document number;
b) Nominal diameter of steel wire;
c) Quantity;
d) Classification code (Table 1);
e) Surface state (7.2);
f) Delivery form (10.1) and unit weight (if there are specific requirements);
g) Other requirements.
6 Dimensions and shape requirements
6.1 Dimensions and allowable deviation
6.1.1 The allowable deviation of the diameter of the coiled steel wire shall meet the
requirements of Table 2. The allowable deviation of the diameter of the straight steel
wire shall meet the requirements of Table 3.
6.1.2 For the length deviation of the straight steel wire, it shall select an appropriate
level, according to GB/T 342-2017. If there is no requirement, it is defaulted to level
III.
7.3 Surface quality
7.3.1 The surface of the steel wire shall be smooth; there shall be no surface defects,
such as pull marks, tears, rust, burrs, etc., which have obvious adverse effects on the
application of the steel wire.
7.3.2 The steel wires (DM and DH), for dynamic load springs, shall be subjected to
surface inspection. The radial depth of cracks or other surface defects shall comply with
the requirements in Table 6. By mutual agreement, eddy current testing can be carried
out.
7.3.3 For the steel wire for dynamic load spring (DM and DH), the full decarburization
layer shall not appear on the cross section, whilst the radial depth of the partial
decarburization shall not be greater than the value, which is specified in Table...