GB/T 43526-2023 English PDF (GB/T43526-2023)

GB/T 43526-2023: Technical requirements for connecting user-side electrochemical energy storage system to distribution network
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GB/T 43526-2023
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 27.180
CCS F 19
Technical Requirements for Connecting User-side
Electrochemical Energy Storage System to Distribution
Network
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 28, 2023
IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 1, 2024
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative References ... 4
3 Terms and Definitions ... 5
4 Overall Requirements ... 6
5 Power Control ... 7
6 Fault Ride-through ... 8
7 Operational Adaptability ... 13
8 Power Quality ... 15
9 Start-stop ... 16
10 Relay Protection ... 16
11 Information and Communication ... 17
12 Electric Energy Metering ... 18
13 Grid Connection Test and Evaluation ... 18
Bibliography ... 20
Technical Requirements for Connecting User-side
Electrochemical Energy Storage System to Distribution
Network
1 Scope
This document specifies the technical requirements for power control, fault ride-through,
operational adaptability, power quality, start-stop, relay protection, information and
communication, and electric energy metering of electrochemical energy storage systems
connected to user’s distribution network, as well as grid connection test and evaluation.
This document is applicable to the construction, access, commissioning, testing, inspection and
operation of newly constructed, re-constructed and expanded electrochemical energy storage
systems connected to the user’s distribution network at a voltage level of 220 V and above.
Electrochemical energy storage systems connected to the public power grid at a voltage level
of 380 V / 220 V may take this as a reference in implementation.
2 Normative References
The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document
through the normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only
versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a
specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 12325 Power Quality - Deviation of Supply Voltage
GB/T 12326 Power Quality - Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker
GB/T 13955 Installation and Operation of Residual Current Operated Protective Devices
GB 14050 Types and Safety Technical Requirements of System Earthing
GB/T 14285 Technical Code for Relaying Protection and Security Automatic Equipment
GB/T 14549 Quality of Electric Energy Supply - Harmonics in Public Supply Network
GB/T 15543 Power Quality - Three-phase Voltage Unbalance
GB/T 17215.321 Electricity Metering Equipment (AC) - Particular Requirements - Part 21:
Static Meters for Active Energy (classes A, B, C, D and E)
GB/T 19862 General Requirements for Monitoring Equipment of Power Quality
3.3 point of connection
The connection point between the electrochemical energy storage system and the user’s internal
distribution network.
NOTE: for energy storage systems with a boosting transformer, the point of connection refers to
the bus or node on the high-voltage side of the boosting transformer. For energy storage
systems without the boosting transformer, the point of connection refers to the output
aggregation point of the energy storage system.
3.4 primary frequency control; PFC
When the power system frequency deviates from the target frequency, the control function of
the electrochemical energy storage system to automatically adjust the active power in response
to the system frequency deviation.
[source: GB/T 40595-2021, 3.1, modified]
4 Overall Requirements
4.1 The voltage level of the user-side electrochemical energy storage system connected to the
user’s distribution network shall be determined after technical and economic comparison based
on the user’s reported capacity, rated power of the energy storage system, application mode,
current carrying capacity of the user’s distribution network equipment and grid structure of the
access point.
4.2 The installed capacity of the user-side electrochemical energy storage system shall be
coordinated with the application mode and user supply and demand balance.
4.3 For the user-side electrochemical energy storage system connected via a 220 V single-phase
connection, the access phase shall be selected based on the three-phase load conditions. When
multiple user-side electrochemical energy storage systems are connected, each phase should be
evenly distributed.
4.4 The energy storage batteries, battery management systems, energy storage converters, relay
protection and other equipment of the user-side electrochemical energy storage system shall
comply with the provisions of GB/T 36558.
4.5 Within the allowable power output range, the active power and reactive power of the user-
side electrochemical energy storage system shall be continuously adjustable in four quadrants,
be able to accept remote or local power control commands, and be able to set the power
generation and consumption plan curve and automatically execute it.
4.6 The protection configuration and setting at the point of connection of the user-side
electrochemical energy storage system shall be coordinated with the protection of the user’s
distribution network.
4.7 The neutral point grounding mode of the user-side electrochemical energy storage system
shall be compatible with the grounding mode of the user’s distribution network, and the system
lightning protection and grounding shall comply with the provisions of GB 14050, GB 50057
and GB/T 50065.
4.8 The power control, primary frequency control, inertia response, fault ride-through,
operational adaptability, power quality, relay protection and safety automatic devices,
dispatching automation and communication of the user-side electrochemical energy storage
system connected via a voltage level of 35 kV or above shall comply with the provisions of
GB/T 36547.
5 Power Control
5.1 Active Power
5.1.1 The user-side electrochemical energy storage system shall be configured with active
control mode in accordance with the application mode and access voltage level, including local
autonomous control and remote command control. Autonomous control may include primary
frequency control, backup power supply and tracking plan curve control, etc.
5.1.2 When the user-side electrochemical energy storage system responds to the active power
control command, the charge / discharge response time shall be not greater than 500 ms, the
charge / discharge adjustment time shall be not greater than 2 s, the charge-to-discharge
conversion time and the discharge-to-charge conversion time shall be not greater than 500 ms;
the active power control deviation shall not exceed 1% of the rated power.
5.1.3 The user-side electrochemical energy storage system that accepts power dispatching shall
be able to receive and execute power grid dispatching instructions or power plans, and the
power regulation rate and regulation accuracy shall meet the requirements of the dispatching
institution.
5.1.4 The control mode, response capability and response performance of the user-side
electrochemical energy storage system participating in the electricity market shall meet the
requirements of electricity market rules.
5.2 Reactive Voltage
5.2.1 The user-side electrochemical energy storage system shall have modes, such as: reactive
power / voltage control, power factor control and reactive power control, etc., and should have
the function of online switching control mode.
5.2.2 The power factor of the point of connection of the user-side electrochemical energy
storage system shall be continuously adjustable within the range of 0.9 (leading) ~ 0.9 (lagging).
5.2.3 Within the adjustable range of reactive power, the reactive power control deviation of the
user-side electrochemical energy storage system shall not exceed 3% of the rated power.
Where,
It---the dynamic reactive current increment of the electrochemical energy
storage system, expressed in (A);
K1---the dynamic reactive current proportionality coefficient of the
electrochemical energy storage system;
Ut---the per unit value of the voltage at the point of connection of the
electrochemical energy storage system;
IN---the AC side rated current of the electrochemical energy storage system,
expressed in (A).
2) The dynamic reactive current proportionality coefficient K1 of the
electrochemical energy storage system can be determined in accordance with the
actual situation of the power system, and the value range should be 1.5 ~ 3.
3) During the voltage drop at the point of connection, the maximum output capacity
of the reactive current of the electrochemical energy storage system shall be not
lower than 1.05 times the rated current IN.
4) From the moment the voltage at the point of connection drops, the response time
of the dynamic reactive current of the electrochemical energy storage system
shall be not greater than 30 ms; from the moment the voltage at the point of
connection recovers to more than 85% of the rated voltage, the electrochemical
energy storage system shall exit the dynamic reactive current increment within
30 ms.
b) The capability of dynamic reactive power support during asymmetric faults.
1) When the positive sequence component of the voltage at the point of connection
of the electrochemical energy storage system is 60% ~ 85% of the rated voltage,
the positive sequence reactive current injected by the electrochemical energy
storage system into the power grid shall be the sum of the positive sequence
reactive current output value I൅0 during normal operation before the voltage
drops and the dynamic positive sequence reactive current increment ΔI൅0, and the
negative sequence reactive current absorbed from the power grid shall be the
difference between the negative sequence reactive current output value I0 during
normal operation before the voltage drops and the dynamic negative sequence
reactive current increment ΔI0, and the dynamic positive and negative sequence
reactive current increments shall meet the requirements of Formula (2):
Where,
ΔI൅t ---the positive sequence dynamic reactive current increment injected by the
electrochemical energy storage system, expressed in (A);
K൅2---the dynamic positive sequence reactive current proportionality coefficient
of the electrochemical energy storage system;
U൅t ---the per unit value of the positive sequence component of the voltage at the
point of connection of the electrochemical energy storage system;
IN---the AC side rated current of the electrochemical energy storage system,
expressed in (A);
It---the negative sequence dynamic reactive current increment absorbed by the
electrochemical energy storage system, expressed in (A);
K2---the dynamic negative sequence reactive current proportionality coefficient
of electrochemical energy storage system;
Ut---the per unit value of the negative sequence component of the voltage at the
point of connection of the electrochemical energy storage system.
2) Dynamic positive and negative sequence reactive current proportionality
coefficient K൅2 and K2 can be determined in accordance with the actual situation
of the power system and should be not less than 1.0.
3) The positive and negative sequence dynamic reactive current response time of
the electrochemical energy storage system shall be not greater than 30 ms.
4) During the voltage drop at the point of connection, the maximum output capacity
of the reactive current of the electrochemical energy storage system shall be not
lower than 1.05 times the rated current IN.
5) When the positive sequence component of the voltage at the point of connection
is less than 60% of the rated voltage, the electrochemical energy storage system
should inject positive sequence dynamic reactive current into the power grid and
absorb negative sequence dynamic reactive current from the power grid, based
on the actual control capability of the energy storage converter and the grid
conditions, to which, the electrochemical energy storage system is connected, on
the premise of not boosting the voltage imbalance at the point of connection.
6.1.3 For the user-side electrochemical energy storage system that is not disconnected from the
distribution network during voltage drop, from the moment the voltage at the point of
connection recovers to more than 85% of the rated voltage, it shall have the capability of quickly
restoring the active power. The rate of change of active power recovery should be not less than
30% of the rated active power per second.
d) The voltage imbalance complies with the provisions of GB/T 15543.
8.2 For the user-side electrochemical energy storage system connected via a voltage level of
10(6) kV or above, a Class A power quality monitoring device that meets the requirements of
GB/T 19862 shall be installed at the point of connection, and the power quality monitoring data
shall be kept for at least one year.
8.3 The point of common coupling of the electrochemical energy storage system connected via
a voltage level of 380 V should be equipped with equipment with the function of online power
quality monitoring.
9 Start-stop
9.1 The changes in power quality caused by the start and stop of the user-side electrochemical
energy storage system shall comply with the provisions of Chapter 8.
9.2 If a disturbance occurs in the power system, after the user-side electrochemical energy
storage system is disconnected from the grid, the user-side electrochemical energy storage
system is not allowed to be connected to the grid until the voltage and frequency of the
distribution network recovers to the normal operating range. The restoration of grid connection
of the user-side electrochemical energy storage system connected via a voltage level of 10(6)
kV shall be approved by the grid dispatching institution. The grid connection of the user-side
electrochemical energy storage system connected v...