GB/T 43462-2023 English PDF (GB/T43462-2023)

GB/T 43462-2023: Technical guide for black-start of electrochemical energy storage
Delivery: 9 seconds. Download (and Email) true-PDF + Invoice.
Get Quotation: Click GB/T 43462-2023 (Self-service in 1-minute)
Historical versions (Master-website): GB/T 43462-2023
Preview True-PDF (Reload/Scroll-down if blank)


GB/T 43462-2023
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 27.180
CCS F 19
Technical Guide for Black-start of Electrochemical Energy
Storage
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 28, 2023
IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 1, 2024
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative References ... 4
3 Terms and Definitions ... 4
4 Overall Requirements ... 5
5 Technical Conditions for Black-start ... 6
6 Black-start Preparation ... 9
7 Self-starting ... 10
8 Starting of Power Generation Equipment ... 10
9 Restoration of Transformer Substation Black-start Power Supply ... 12
Appendix A (informative) Typical Black-start Mode ... 14
Appendix B (informative) Content of Black-start Scheme ... 17
Technical Guide for Black-start of Electrochemical Energy
Storage
1 Scope
This document specifies the overall requirements and technical conditions for the black-start of
electrochemical energy storage, as well as the technical requirements for the black-start, such
as: black-start preparation, self-starting, starting power generation equipment and restoring
transformer substation black-start power supply, etc.
This document applies to the planning, design, test and operation of electrochemical energy
storage systems or power stations with black-start capability and that can serve as black-start
power sources.
2 Normative References
The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document
through the normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only
versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a
specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 36558 General Technical Requirements for Electrochemical Energy Storage System of
Power System
GB/T 38334 Technical Specification for Black-start of Hydropower Station
GB/T 50064 Code for Design of Overvoltage Protection and Insulation Coordination for AC
Electrical Installations
GB 51048 Design Code for Electrochemical Energy Storage Station
DL/T 2528 Basic Terminology of Electrical Energy Storage
3 Terms and Definitions
The terms and definitions defined in DL/T 2528 and the following are applicable to this
document.
3.1 black-start of electrochemical energy storage
After a large-scale power outage in the power system, in the absence of external power support,
the process, in which, the electrochemical energy storage system or power station with black-
start capability in the system is used to start the connected power generation equipment or
restore power supply to the transformer substation equipment.
3.2 black-start time
The time from when the power generation equipment or transformer substation loses the
working power supply for station service and backup power supply to when the power
generation equipment or transformer substation is capable of restoring power supply to the grid
connection point.
4 Overall Requirements
4.1 In accordance with the grid connection point, start object and path of the electrochemical
energy storage system or power station, the electrochemical energy storage black-start can be
divided into two types: starting the power generation equipment and restoring the transformer
substation black-start power supply. The typical black-start mode is shown in Appendix A.
4.2 The planning and layout of the black-start electrochemical energy storage system or power
station shall be coordinated with the black-start power supply layout and path planning for its
access to the power grid.
4.3 The design of electrochemical energy storage stations shall meet the requirements of GB
51048 and GB/T 36558. During the black-start process, the power configuration required for
the black-start of the electrochemical energy storage station shall satisfy the sum of demands
for normal load and impact load, and the energy configuration shall meet the sum of electricity
demands in each stage.
4.4 The black-start time of an electrochemical energy storage station should not be greater than
2 hours.
4.5 When an electrochemical energy storage station is used as a black-start power source, the
discharge energy required for the black-start shall be reserved during normal operation.
4.6 Electrochemical energy storage stations that have passed the black-start test and are capable
of providing black-start services shall sign a black-start agreement with the grid dispatching
institution.
4.7 The grid dispatching institution shall calculate the black-start range and recovery path of
the electrochemical energy storage station and formulate a power grid black-start plan.
4.8 A black-start scheme shall be formulated for a black-start energy storage station. The
content of the scheme is shown in Appendix B. In addition, black-start capability tests shall be
regularly conducted. Equipment related to black-start shall be re-tested after overhaul or
technical transformation.
4.9 Black-start energy storage stations shall organize black-start emergency plan drills every
year to familiarize themselves with various operations, shorten the black-start time, and revise
less than the continuous electricity consumption of 15 minutes for station service.
5.1.5 The energy storage converter control system of the energy storage unit used for self-
starting and the battery management system should have the capability of self-drawing power
on the DC side.
5.1.6 The uninterruptible power supply capacity of the electrochemical energy storage stations
shall meet the demands of important loads, such as: the self-starting energy storage converter
control system and battery management system, energy storage station computer monitoring
system, emergency lighting, fire protection system, etc., and the continuous power supply time
should not be less than 2 h.
5.1.7 The electrochemical energy storage stations should be equipped with an independent
busbar for station service. The incoming switch for station service should be equipped with the
series switching function for power failure and parallel switching function for power restoration.
At least two independent power supply routes should be configured from the power supply for
station service to the self-starting energy storage unit.
5.1.8 The capacity of the energy storage unit used for zero-start voltage boosting shall not be
less than the sum of the no-load loss and cable loss of the boosting transformer, station
transformer, and transformer in the zero-start voltage boosting starting electrical path of the
energy storage station.
5.2 Starting of Synchronous Generator Set
5.2.1 The power configuration for the starting of the generator set of the electrochemical energy
storage station shall meet the following requirements:
a) The rated power of the energy storage station is not less than the maximum load power
for station service required at each stage of the black-start of the generator set;
b) The overload capacity of the energy storage station meets the total power when the
maximum impact load for station service starts up;
c) When starting a single motor with the maximum power in the station, the isolated grid
bus voltage is not lower than 80% of the rated voltage, and the transient process is not
lower than 70% of the rated voltage. For motors with special starting voltage
requirements, the requirements of the equipment manufacturer are satisfied;
d) When starting a single motor with the maximum power in the station, the frequency
fluctuation of the isolated grid bus does not exceed 1 Hz.
5.2.2 The capacity configuration of the electrochemical energy storage station shall satisfy the
electricity demand for completing the entire black-start process of the generator set.
5.2.3 The control and protection systems of the generator set for the starting of the
electrochemical energy storage station, as well as the station lighting, shall satisfy the
requirements of GB/T 38334.
5.2.4 The synchronization point between the electrochemical energy storage station and the
generator set should be the original synchronization grid connection point of the generator set.
5.3 Starting of Wind Turbine or Photovoltaic Power Generation Unit
5.3.1 The power configuration for the black-start of the wind turbine or photovoltaic power
generation unit of the electrochemical energy storage station shall meet the following
requirements:
a) The rated discharge power of the energy storage station is not less than the electrical
load for station service of the wind power station or photovoltaic power station;
b) The rated reactive power of the energy storage station is not less than the sum of the
charge reactive power of all lines on the electrical path from the started wind turbine
or photovoltaic power generation unit to the energy storage system;
c) The overload capacity of the energy storage station meets the impact current of the
started wind turbine or photovoltaic power generation unit;
d) When starting a single wind turbine or photovoltaic power generation unit, the
frequency and voltage of the isolated grid do not exceed the frequency and voltage
operating ranges of the wind turbine or photovoltaic power generation unit.
5.3.2 The capacity configuration of electrochemical energy storage stations shall meet the
power supply range and time requirements for the stable operation of isolated grid loads, and
should take into account the volatility and uncertainty of wind and solar resources.
5.3.3 Electrochemical energy storage stations, wind power stations and photovoltaic power
stations should be equipped with a wind and solar storage joint monitoring system. In
accordance with the wind power and photovoltaic forecasts, and actual power and the available
energy for storage, the control targets of the wind and solar storage sub-systems shall be
reasonably allocated to maintain the frequency and voltage of the isolated grid within a
reasonable range.
5.3.4 During the zero-start voltage boosting process, the control strategies of the dynamic
reactive power compensation device of the electrochemical energy storage station and the wind
power station or photovoltaic power station shall be coordinated to avoid abnormal voltage
fluctuations or oscillations.
5.3.5 The short-circuit impedance from the electrochemical energy storage station to the started
wind turbine or photovoltaic power generation unit shall satisfy the short-circuit impedance
requirements for the operation of the wind turbine or photovoltaic power generation unit.
5.3.6 The wind power station or photovoltaic power station should analyze and evaluate the
oscillation risk of the electrochemical energy storage station and the wind power station or
7 Self-starting
7.1 After the black-start conditions are satisfied, the electrochemical energy storage station shall
be self-started first.
7.2 Before self-starting of the electrochemical energy storage station, it shall be confirmed that
the uninterruptible power supply of the energy storage station is properly working, and the
computer monitoring system, emergency lighting and fire protection system of the energy
storage station are properly working.
7.3 After the self-starting conditions are satisfied, the electrochemical energy storage station
can be self-started in accordance with the following steps:
a) Set the energy storage station to off-grid operation mode;
b) Adjust the protection parameters related to the start object to the black-start mode;
c) Close the switch from the self-starting energy storage unit to the power supply line
for station service;
d) Start the self-starting energy storage unit;
e) The electrical load power supply for station service is switched in parallel from the
uninterruptible power supply to the self-starting energy storage unit;
f) Restore all electrical loads for station service, such as: the air conditioning system and
ventilation system, etc. of the energy storage station;
g) The energy storage station completes self-starting and has the ability to start the power
generation equipment or restore black-start power supply to the transformer
substation.
8 Starting of Power Generation Equipment
8.1 Starting of Generator Set
8.1.1 After the self-starting of the electrochemical energy storage station connected to the low-
voltage side of the transformer for station service, the energy storage station can be operated to
boost the voltage from zero with isolated grid in accordance with the following steps:
a) Confirm that the generator set has the conditions for starting;
b) Exit the undervoltage protection of the energy storage converter;
c) Adjust the operation mode, so that the energy storage unit with zero-start voltage
boosting is only connected to the energy storage station boosting transformer, station
transformer, station service transformer of the black-start unit, and the main
transformer of the unit;
d) The above-mentioned energy storage units are synchronously equipped with the
energy storage station boosting transformer, station transformer, station service
transformer of black-start unit, and main transformer for zero-start voltage boosting;
e) After reaching the rated voltage, the energy storage converter undervoltage protection
is activated, and other energy storage units are activated in turn.
8.1.2 After the isolated grid voltage is stabilized, the electrical load power supply for station
service of the energy storage station can be switched in parallel from the self-starting energy
storage unit to the station transformer, and the self-starting energy storage unit can be re-
integrated into the voltage boosting to low-voltage side bus of the energy storage station.
8.1.3 After the electrical load of the energy storage station is switched to normal power supply
mode, the generator set can be started in accordance with the following steps:
a) In accordance with the black-start sch...