GB/T 4162-2022 English PDF (GBT4162-2022)

Delivery: 3 seconds. Download true-PDF + Invoice.
Get QUOTATION in 1-minute: Click GB/T 4162-2022
Historical versions: GB/T 4162-2022
Preview True-PDF (Reload/Scroll if blank)

GB/T 4162-2022: Method for ultrasonic testing of forged and rolled steel bars
GB/T 4162-2022
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 77.040.20
CCS H 26
Replacing GB/T 4162-2008
Method for ultrasonic testing of forged and rolled steel bars
ISSUED ON: APRIL 15, 2022
IMPLEMENTED ON: NOVEMBER 01, 2022
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 5 
2 Normative references ... 5 
3 Terms and definitions... 6 
4 General requirements ... 6 
5 Instruments and equipment ... 6 
6 Comparative test blocks ... 7 
7 Testing procedures ... 10 
8 Testing program ... 11 
9 Evaluation of testing results ... 13 
10 Quality levels ... 15 
11 Testing records and testing reports ... 15 
References ... 16 
Method for ultrasonic testing of forged and rolled steel bars
1 Scope
This document specifies the general requirements, instruments and equipment,
comparative test blocks, testing procedures, testing program, evaluation of testing
results, quality grades, testing records, testing reports, for the ultrasonic testing of
forged and rolled steel bars (hereinafter referred to as "steel bars").
This document is applicable to the ultrasonic pulse reflection detection of steel bars,
which have a diameter of not less than 6 mm. The forged and rolled bars or non-bars,
which have other specifications or materials, may make reference to this standard.
This document does not apply to the testing of austenitic coarse-grained steel bars.
2 Normative references
The provisions in following documents become the provisions of this Standard through
reference in this Standard. For the dated references, only the versions with the dates
indicated are applicable to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest
version (including all the amendments) is applicable to this standard.
GB/T 9445 Non-destructive testing - Qualification and certification of NDT
personnel
GB/T 12604.1 Non-destructive testing - Terminology - Ultrasonic testing
GB/T 18694 Non-destructive testing - Ultrasonic inspection - Characterization of
search unit and sound field
GB/T 18852 Non-destructive testing - Ultrasonic testing - Reference blocks and test
procedures for the characterization of contact probe sound beams
JB/T 10061 Commonly used specification for A-mode ultrasonic flaw detector using
pulse echo technique
JB/T 11731 Non-destructive testing - General specification for ultrasonic phased
array probe
JJG 746 Verification regulation for ultrasonic flaw detectors
3 Terms and definitions
Terms and definitions, which are defined in GB/T 12604.1, apply to this document.
4 General requirements
4.1 Personnel qualifications
Personnel, who are engaged in ultrasonic testing of steel bars, shall participate in the
training, according to the requirements of GB/T 9445 or corresponding documents,
meanwhile obtain the ultrasonic testing qualification certificate. Anyone who issues a
test report shall obtain a level 2 or above ultrasonic testing qualification certificate.
4.2 Couplant
4.2.1 The liquid immersion technique usually uses water as a couplant; however, oil
can also be used. The couplant shall be free of air bubbles or foreign substances, that
affect ultrasonic testing. A suitable rust inhibitor can be added to the couplant, to prevent
corrosion of the steel bar. A suitable lubricant can be added to the couplant, to reduce
the formation of air bubbles on the steel bar and the probe.
4.2.2 Couplant, such as oil, grease, water, water-soluble gel should be used, for the
contact technology. The viscosity and surface wettability of the couplant shall be
sufficient, to ensure that the ultrasonic energy is well transmitted to the steel bar.
5 Instruments and equipment
5.1 Ultrasonic detector
5.1.1 Performance test methods and requirements
The performance of the ultrasonic detector is tested, according to the method of JB/T
10061 or JJG 746. Its indicators shall meet the following requirements:
- The vertical linearity is not more than 5%;
- The horizontal linearity is not more than 2%;
- The dynamic range is not less than 30 dB;
- The sensitivity margin is not less than 42 dB;
- The attenuation error does not exceed ±1.0 dB/12 dB.
5.1.2 Alarms
Optical and/or audible alarms should be used. The triggering of the alarm shall be
controlled, by adjusting the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal, which is received on the
time baseline; the alarm threshold level is adjustable.
5.2 Probes
5.2.1 The frequency of the probe shall be able to meet the requirements of the ability to
penetrate the steel bar to be inspected AND the resolution. It should be 2 MHz ~ 10
MHz. The diameter (side length) of the probe chip should not be greater than 28 mm.
The liquid immersion probe should adopt the focusing method. If the testing
requirements can be met, other forms of probes can be used for testing, such as phased
array probes, that meet the requirements of JB/T 11731.
5.2.2 When the liquid immersion method is used for detection, the angle controller and
mechanical control device of the probe shall be easy to adjust.
5.2.3 The parameters of the probe should be tested, according to the methods of GB/T
18694 and GB/T 18852.
5.3 Immersion tank (box) and probe regulator
5.3.1 The size of the liquid immersion tank (box), which is used for liquid immersion
testing, shall ensure that the tested parts can be immersed.
5.3.2 The probe regulator shall provide adjustable angle and water layer, in two
mutually perpendicular planes; it shall ensure that the probe angle and water layer are
stable and reliable, during detection.
5.3.3 When using ultrasonic C-scanning equipment, the motion control of the scanning
device shall have sufficient accuracy.
6 Comparative test blocks
6.1 It shall use the materials, which have the same or similar acoustic properties as the
tested steel bars. The height difference of the primary bottom wave, between the tested
steel bar and the reference test block, shall be within the range of ±4 dB. Use ultrasonic
testing method in advance, to check the material of the comparative test block, under
the condition of higher sensitivity; there shall be no echo, that affects the use.
6.2 On the comparative test block, for longitudinal wave testing, it should machine flat-
bottomed holes, in the entire circumferential section. When testing steel bars, which
have a diameter of 6 mm ~ 26 mm, only one flat-bottomed hole OR two flat-bottomed
holes with different depths, as shown in Figure 1, can be processed under the condition
of satisfying the resolution. When testing steel bars, which have a diameter of 26 mm
~ 200 mm, it may use the comparative test blocks, which have similar specifications,
as shown in Figure 1 and Table 1. When testing steel bars, which have a diameter greater
6.3 The diameter of the flat-bottomed hole of the comparative test block shall be
consistent with the diameter of the flat-bottomed hole, which is specified in 9.4.1 for
the quality level of longitudinal wave testing. Other requirements for comparative test
blocks, for longitudinal wave testing, are as follows.
a) B1, B2, B3 are 1/4, 1/2, 3/4 of the diameter of the round bar, respectively, which
has a tolerance of ±0.2 mm.
b) The number and diameter of the flat-bottomed holes are selected, according to the
quality level. The diameter tolerance of the flat-bottomed holes is ±0.01 mm or
±1% of the hole diameter, whichever is ...