GB/T 39424.1-2020 English PDF (GBT39424.1-2020)

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GB/T 39424.1-2020: Road vehicles. Traffic accident analysis -- Part 1: Vocabulary
GB/T 39424.1-2020
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.020
T 04
Road vehicles - Traffic accident analysis -
Part 1: Vocabulary
(ISO 12353-1:2020, MOD)
ISSUED ON: NOVEMBER 19, 2020
IMPLEMENTED ON: JUNE 01, 2021
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Classification ... 5
3 Accident-descriptive elements and data collection ... 8
4 Crash analysis and reconstruction ... 25
5 Data analysis and interpretation ... 34
Index ... 36
Foreword
GB/T 39424 "Road vehicles - Traffic accident analysis" is divided into 3 parts:
- Part 1: Vocabulary;
- Part 2: Guidelines for the use of impact severity measures;
- Part 3: Guidelines for the interpretation of recorded crash pulse data to
determine impact severity.
This Part is Part 1 of GB/T 39424.
This Part is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This Part uses the redraft law to modify and adopt ISO 12353-1:2020 "Road
vehicles - Traffic accident analysis - Part 1: Vocabulary".
Compared with ISO 12353-1:2020, this Part has structural adjustments. The
specific adjustments are as follows:
- ISO 12353-1:2020 Clause 2, Annex A and Bibliography are not adopted in
this Part;
- ISO 12353-1:2020 Clauses 3, 4, 5, and 6 have been adjusted to Clauses
2, 3, 4, and 5 of this Part, respectively;
- ADD the Chinese pinyin index.
The technical differences between this Part and ISO 12353-1:2020 and their
reasons are as follows:
- ADD terms and definitions such as 2.2 "accident participant", 2.22 "impact
severity", 3.1.6 "retrospective investigation", 3.2.9 "center line of road", to
adapt to the actual application in China;
- Delete the terms and definitions in ISO 12353-1:2020 such as 3.7 "towaway
accident", 3.12.1 "non-fatal vehicle", 3.15 "towaway vehicle", 3.16 "non-
towaway vehicle", 4.2.3 "roadside", 4.3 "road vehicle" and 4.4.8 "treatment".
These terms and definitions do not conform to China's road traffic system;
- Delete Figure 1, Figure 2, Annex A and Bibliography of ISO 12353-1:2020.
These contents do not meet the practical application of road traffic
accidents in China.
This Part was proposed by Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of
Road vehicles - Traffic accident analysis -
Part 1: Vocabulary
1 Scope
This Part of GB/T 39424 defines the terms and definitions relevant to the
classification of road vehicle traffic accident analysis, accident-descriptive
elements and data collection, crash analysis and reconstruction, data analysis
and interpretation.
This Part is applicable to road vehicle traffic accident investigation, analysis and
data application.
2 Classification
2.1
Road vehicle accident
Unintended event that involves at least one road vehicle in motion and leads to
personal injury or property damage, or both.
2.2
Accident participant
A single road user or unit involved in a road vehicle accident.
Note: A single vehicle, its occupants, and a single pedestrian are all counted as an accident
participant. Road environmental infrastructure or falling objects, animals, etc. are not
counted as accident participants.
2.3
First harmful event
Event producing the first occurrence of personal injury or vehicle damage in a
road vehicle accident.
2.4
Most harmful event
Event producing the most serious occurrence of personal injury or vehicle
damage in a road vehicle accident.
Note: The most harmful event is evaluated for each accident-involved vehicle. If two or
more events produce equivalent injury or crush, then select the event that caused
the most serious damage for the first time as the most harmful event.
2.5
Accident classification
Classification of road vehicle accidents according to the following
characteristics (including but not limited to):
- Classification by vehicle type,
- Classification by personal injury severity,
- Classification by vehicle damage severity,
- Classification by number of vehicles involved,
- Classification by first harmful event,
- Classification by location of the accident,
- Classification by the way the vehicles collide.
2.6
On-road accident
Road vehicle accident in which the first harmful event occurs on the road.
2.7
Off-road accident
Road vehicle accident in which the first harmful event occurs off the road.
2.8
Injury accident
Road vehicle accident in which at least one person is physically traumatized
but no one dies.
2.9
Fatal accident
Road vehicle accident in which at least one person sustains a fatal injury.
2.10
Property damage accident
Road vehicle accident in which the only outcome is damage to vehicles, or other
property, with no injury or death.
2.11
Damaged vehicle
Vehicle involved in an accident sustaining damage.
2.12
Undamaged vehicle
Vehicle involved in an accident not sustaining damage.
2.13
Single-vehicle accident
Road vehicle accident in which only one vehicle is involved.
2.14
Multivehicle accident
Road vehicle accident in which at least two vehicles are involved.
2.15
Accident-involved vehicle
Vehicle involved in a road vehicle accident.
2.16
Non-injury vehicle
Accident-involved vehicle in (or on) which no vehicle occupant sustains an injury.
2.17
Injury vehicle
Accident-involved vehicle in (or on) which at least one vehicle occupant
sustains an injury but no one dies.
2.18
Fatal vehicle
Accident-involved vehicle in (or on) which at least one vehicle occupant
sustains a fatal injury.
2.19
Sampling criteria
Principle of sampling for an accident investigation referring to different aspects.
Note: An aspect of an accident investigation could be a road user, vehicle, injury or fatality,
traffic environment or property damage, etc.
2.20
Sampling unit
Data collection based on sampling criteria.
Example: Injured drivers.
2.21
Data source
Origin of data in terms of time and type of investigation, investigation institution
or organization, and type of record, etc.
2.22
Impact severity
Changes in physical parameters caused by a vehicle being hit.
3 Accident-descriptive elements and data collection
3.1
Accident investigation
Acquisition and documentation of information regarding a road vehicle accident.
Note: It includes on-scene investigation and retrospective investigation.
3.1.1
First-level investigation
Accident investigation of a general survey of the factors involved in a traffic
accident.
3.1.2
In-depth investigation
Comprehensive and in-depth accident investigation of a traffic accident from
the aspects of people, vehicles, roads, and the environment.
3.1.3
Multidisciplinary investigation
In-depth investigation conducted by a team of investigators with specialized
knowledge encompassing several professional disciplines.
3.1.4
Self-reported investigation
Accident investigation based on information and data provided by persons
involved in a road vehicle accident.
3.1.5
On-scene investigation
Accident investigation conducted at the accident scene before evidence has
been removed.
3.1.6
Retrospective investigation
Accident investigation that fails to be conducted at the accident scene.
3.2
Accident scene
3.2.4
Traffic...