GB/T 39016-2020 English PDF (GBT39016-2020)

This Standard specifies the terms and definitions, and general design requirements of custom furniture. This Standard is applicable to the design of various types of custom furniture.

GB/T 39016-2020
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 97.140
Y 80
Custom Furniture - General Design Specification
ISSUED ON: JULY 21, 2020
IMPLEMENTED ON: FEBRUARY 1, 2021
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative References ... 4
3 Terms and Definitions ... 5
4 General Design Requirements ... 6
4.1 Design Principle ... 6
4.2 Design Input Elements ... 7
4.3 Design Drawing ... 8
4.4 Selection of Main Raw and Auxiliary Materials ... 9
4.5 Product Dimension Design ... 10
4.6 Product Structure Design ... 11
4.7 Location Design of Furniture Appliances ... 13
4.8 Layout Design of Water, Electricity, Gas and Optical Fiber Network of Furniture ... 13 4.9 Design Output Elements ... 13
5 Confirmation Method ... 14
5.1 Design Elements ... 14
5.2 Design Drawings ... 15
5.3 Selection of Main Raw and Auxiliary Materials ... 15
5.4 Product Dimension Design ... 15
5.5 Product Structure Design ... 15
5.6 Location Design of Furniture Appliances ... 17
5.7 Layout Design of Water, Electricity, Gas and Optical Fiber Network of Furniture ... 17 Custom Furniture - General Design Specification
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the terms and definitions, and general design requirements of custom furniture.
This Standard is applicable to the design of various types of custom furniture. 2 Normative References
The following documents are indispensable to the application of this document. In terms of references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 3326 Furniture - Main Sizes of Tables, Chairs and Stools
GB/T 3327 Furniture - Main Sizes of Storage Units
GB/T 3328 Furniture - Main Sizes of Beds
GB/T 4897-2015 Particleboard
GB/T 5703 Basic Human Body Measurements for Technological Design
GB/T 5849 Blockboards and Battenboards
GB/T 9846 Plywood for General Use
GB/T 11718-2009 Medium Density Fiberboard
GB/T 15102 Surface Decorated Fiberboard and Particleboard with Paper Impregnated Thermosetting Resins
GB/T 15104 Decorative Veneered Wood-based Panel
GB/T 16799 Furniture Leather
GB/T 18229 Rule of CAD Engineering Drawing
GB 18401 National General Safety Technical Code for Textile Products
GB 18580 Indoor Decorating and Refurbishing Materials - Limit of Formaldehyde Emission of Wood-based Panels and Finishing Products
GB 18581 Limit of Harmful Substances of Woodware Coatings
GB 18583 Indoor Decorating and Refurbishing Materials - Limit of Harmful Substances of Adhesives
GB/T 23994 Limit of Certain Harmful Elements of Coatings for Consumer Products Contacting with Human Body
GB 24410 Indoor Decorating and Refurbishing Materials - Limit of Harmful Substances of Water Based Woodenware Coatings
GB 28007-2011 General Technical Requirements for Children’s Furniture
GB/T 28202 Furniture Industry Terminology
GB/T 34722 Surface Decorated Plywood and Blockboard with Paper Impregnated Thermosetting Resins
LY/T 1983 Surface Decorated Wood-based Panels with Aluminum Foil and Copper Foil QB/T 1338 Rule of Furniture Drawings
QB/T 1952.1 Upholstered Furniture - Sofa
QB/T 1952.2 Upholstered Furniture - Spring Mattress
QB/T 4453-2013 Wooden Furniture - Geometrical Tolerancing
3 Terms and Definitions
What is defined in GB/T 5703 and GB/T 28202, and the following terms and definitions are applicable to this document.
3.1 custom furniture
Custom furniture refers to furniture that is measured, designed, manufactured, installed and serviced in accordance with the individual demands of customers.
Example: custom wardrobes, custom kitchen cabinets, custom bookcases, custom tables, custom sofas and custom mattresses, etc.
3.2 functional dimension
Functional dimension refers to the dimension that complies with the optimum functions, such as: storage, supporting, relying, sitting and lying when the furniture is in use. Example: sitting height, sitting depth, inner width of armrest, height of armrest, width in front of seat, depth of clothes hanging, height of table, clearance width in the middle, net height particularity of the work of each department and the requirements for the space used by furniture (including evacuation in case of emergency).
---Aspects that do not comply with the individual demands of customers shall be discussed with the customers and signed for confirmation.
---For a certain aspect of individual demands emphasized by the customer that may cause poor product use and function, the customer shall be reminded and sign for confirmation.
---In combination of the customer’s expected use of the current custom product, the impact of the external dimensions on the strength and stability of the furniture shall be thoroughly considered, so as to prevent collapse and tipping.
---Whole-house customization shall be based on the nature of the place of use, space size and personnel, consider factors such as human activity space, psychological space and fire evacuation passages (only in public places) when the furniture is in use, and comprehensive determine the external dimensions of various furniture in the room. NOTE 1: the nature of the place of use can be divided into public places and private places, etc. ---During the design of functional dimension, it shall comply with the user’s height, age, daily use time and use mode, and take convenient operation and long-term use without fatigue as the premise and the compliance with the basic requirements of ergonomics to the greatest extent as the principle. When there is no corresponding dimension for the special user in the standard functional dimension of the corresponding furniture product, it is advisable to determine the functional dimension by increasing or decreasing the dimensional difference on the basis of functional dimension in the table. NOTE 2: the use mode refers to use while standing or use while sitting. NOTE 3: the special user refers to the one with special height, excessive body width and prefers to stand and write.
---During the design of physical and chemical property, it shall be based on the customer’s expected use of the current custom product, including frequency of use, bearing mass, temperature, whether there is a dynamic load and whether there is a relatively large alternating temperature, and select the strength parameters in accordance with the corresponding product standards.
4.2 Design Input Elements
Before design, the express and implicit basic demands of customers shall be collected and recorded in detail. The main input elements are as follows:
---User information;
Example: number, gender, age, height and department, etc.
4.3.2.3 The design drawings should be designed in accordance with a unified template. The project name, drawing No., project leader, designer’s name, design time, customer name and customer confirmation signature shall be indicated on the drawings. Any modifications to the drawings shall be respectively archived to the number of the modification time. 4.3.2.4 The floor plan shall indicate the size of each partition wall, the size between columns, the total plane size, the overall dimensions and passage size of furniture, the wire and cable outlet point, ground plug, wall plug wiring location and size. The height positions of all dimension lines in the same direction are required to be neat and consistent, and the text size of all dimension lines shall be consistent.
4.4 Selection of Main Raw and Auxiliary Materials
4.4.1 The moisture content (W) of the wood used shall comply with: 8%  W  annual average moisture content of wood in the area where the product is located + 1%. 4.4.2 The through-crack wood, moth-eaten wood and decayed wood shall not be used. 4.4.3 The wood-based panels used shall comply with the following stipulations: a) The blockboards and battenboards shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 5849; b) The surface decorated plywood and blockboard with paper impregnated
thermosetting resins shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 34722;
c) The surface decorated fiberboard and particleboard with paper impregnated thermosetting resins shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 15102;
d) The decorative veneered wood-based panel shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 15104;
e) The surface decorated wood-based panels with aluminum foil and copper foil shall comply with the stipulations of LY/T 1983;
f) The plywood shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 9846;
g) The medium density fiberboard shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 11718- 2009;
h) The particleboard shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 4897;
i) The water-absorbing thickness expansion rate and moisture-proof performance of medium density fiberboard used for floor-standing base cabinets that are often in contact with water, such as: kitchens and bathrooms, shall comply with the stipulations of Table 9 in GB/T 11718-2009;
j) The 24-h water-absorbing thickness expansion rate and moisture-proof performance of particleboard used for floor-standing cabinets that are often in contact with water, such as: kitchens and bathrooms, shall comply with the stipulations of Table 12 in GB/T 4897-2015.
4.4.4 The formaldehyde emission of the wood-based panel used shall be tested in accordance with the 1 m3 climate chamber method in GB 18580, and shall not be greater than 0.10 mg/m3. 4.4.5 The oxygen index of the kitchen furniture countertop material shall not be less than 35. 4.4.6 The volatile harmful substances in solvent-based woodenware coatings shall comply with the stipulations of GB 18581; the volatile harmful substances in water-based woodenware coatings shall comply with the stipulations of GB 24410; the transferable harmful elements shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 23994.
4.4.7 The harmful substances in the adhesive used shall comply with the stipulations of GB 18583.
4.4.8 The textiles used shall comply with the stipulations of GB 18401. 4.4.9 The leather used shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 16799. 4.4.10 For hardware fittings, such as: door hinges, drawer slides, casters and connectors, etc., standardized and serialized products shall be prioritized in selection. Their strength, durability and anti-corrosion performance shall thoroughly consider the customer’s service environment (such as: high temperature and high humidity, frequent opening and closing, etc.) and service life requirements.
4.5 Product Dimension Design
4.5.1 Dimension design of furniture standardization modules
Furniture standardization modules shall be designed in accordance with the principle of resource conservation and the optimal sawing mode of panels.
4.5.2 Functional dimension design
During design, the functional dimensions of furniture cabinets, tables, chairs, beds, sofas and mattresses shall preferably use the dimensions specified in GB/T 3326, GB/T 3327, GB/T 3328, QB/T 1952.1 and QB/T 1952.2.
4.5.3 Special dimensions
For the special functional dimensions and external dimensions required by the customer, the strength and stability of the expected use state of the furniture shall be evaluated. If there are potential safety hazards in the evaluation results, the customer shall be advised to modify the dimensions or increase the corresponding safety design of the product. In addition, it shall be determined with the customer through negotiation and expressly stated in the contract. 4.5.4 Deviation of external dimensions
d) Overhead doors and flaps, flaps or lids that can be vertically opened and with a mass greater than 0.25 kg shall be provided with a supporting mechanism. The supporting mechanism may include self-locking strut or damping strut. It shall be possible to ensure that the flaps or lids do not suddenly drop without adjustment by the user, that is, at any position where the arc stroke from the fully closed position is greater than 50 mm, but the arc angle from the fully closed position is not greater than 60, under the action of the own mass of the flaps or lids, the falling stroke shall not exceed 12 mm. The installation position of the supporting mechanism shall be expressly indicated in the design.
e) Folding mechanism. When the design product has a folding mechanism or bracket, a safety stopping or locking device shall be designed to prevent accidental movement or folding. When tested in accordance with the stipulations of 7.5.4 in GB 28007- 2011, the product shall not be folded.
f) Holes and gaps. The holes and gaps in the product shall satisfy the following requirements:
---The clearance gap between adjacent blocking components (including fillets and filling fences) in the same direction of the bunk bend safety fence shall be not greater than 75 mm and not less than 60 mm;
---All gaps between the bunk bed surface and its sides and ends shall be less than or equal to 25 mm;
---On other rigid materials, for holes and gaps with a depth greater than 10 mm, the diameter or gap shall be less than 6 mm or greater than or equal to 12 mm; ---The gap between the movable parts that are accessible to other products shall be less than 5 mm, or greater than or equal to 12 mm.
g) Anti-slip device: push-pull components, such as: drawers, keyboards and pull-out baskets shall be designed with anti-slip devices.
h) For vertically sliding panels or doors, rolling doors, etc., at any position 50 mm higher than the closing point, damping devices shall be provided.
i) For furniture that needs to be moved, the casters shall be designed with locking devices (including self-locking devices during use), and at least 2 casters on the same side can be locked.
j) Anti-tipping device: for furniture cabinet furniture with a height of over 600 mm, a device shall be designed to connect with the wall or other fixtures. The connecting device can respectively bear the horizontal force of 350 N and the vertical force of 200 N, and shall not be pulled up or damaged.
4.7 Location Design of Furniture Appliances
The location of electrical appliances on the furniture shall thoroughly consider the demand for heat dissipation, and ensure it from the structure of the furniture. During use, the power switch and the socket may encounter water, then, a waterproof device shall be designed. For sockets whose bottom edge is 1,200 mm or less from the ground, protective devices shall be designed. 4.8 Layout Design of Water, Electricity, Gas and Optical Fiber Network of Furniture
4.8.1 The wires in the product shall be separately arranged for strong and weak currents, and the wires shall have fixation measures.
4.8.2 The connection between the wire and the socket shall be insulated, and the wire cover can only be removed with the assistance of tools.
4.8.3 The product shall be equipped with a power socket and switch that can satisfy the demands of use. When the bottom edge of the power socket is 1,200 mm or less from the ground, a product with a protective device shall be selected.
4.8.4 When the power socket is less than 400 mm from the floor cabinet table, no sink cabinet shall be installed under it. Power sockets that may be splashed with water shall use splash-proof sockets with a protection level not lower than IP54.
4.8.5 The power distribution circuits of lighting switches and power sockets shall be provided with leakage protection. The high-temperature parts of electrical appliances, such as: switches, sockets and lighting fixtures, should adopt heat insulation and heat dissipation measures. 4.8.6 The water circuit, air circuit and electric circuit in the furniture shall be separated and convenient for maintenance.
4.9 Design Output Elements
4.9.1 Composition
The design output elements are composed of basic business information, basic production information, confirmation and important alteration information.
4.9.2 Basic business information
Manufacturing enterprise’s email address, zip code, address and phone number, etc. 4.9.3 Basic production information
Basic production information of the product: order No. and production date, etc. 4.9.4 Confirmation and important alteration information
4.9.4.1 Composition
5.2 Design Drawings
The product design department checks whether the geometric feature symbols used in the design drawings comply with the stipulations of Table 1, and checks whether the units of measurement, symbols, line types, views, labeling modes and simplified drawings used in the design drawings comply with the stipulations of 4.3.2. Check whether the design and drawing of the design drawings, and the dimension markings on the plan comply with the stipulations of 4.3.2.
5.3 Selection of Main Raw and Auxiliary Materials
When the raw material procurement department of the product purchases the raw and auxiliary materials, random sampling inspection can be conducted to ensure that the relevant quality and safety indicators comply with the stipulations of this Standard; the product quality inspection report of the same model and specification provided by the supply-side within one year can also be checked.
5.4 Product Dimension Design
The design department of the enterprise shall firstly inspect the conformity of the individual dimensional requirements, then, in accordance with the principle of standardized module design and functional satisfaction of the product, check the design scheme.
The enterprise may spot-check the pre-installed products during the exit-factory inspection and measure the deviation of overall dimensions. Alternatively, it may also carry out relevant installation adjustments when products are formally installed, so as to ensure that the dimensional deviations satisfy the requirements of this Standard.
5.5 Product Structure Design
5.5.1 Validation by product design department
For the design of the product structure, the design department shall conduct the following validation inspection:
---Check whether the parts in the design drawings are marked with the rounding, chamfering and chamfering treatment in accordance with the stipulations of this Standard;
---Check whether the back panels and bottom panels of the product are missing parts; ---Check whether there are dangerous protrusions in the product structure; ---Check whether the overhead doors and flaps are marked with the installation of a buffer device, and whether the folding mechanism has a locking device;
---Check whether there is a confined space that exceeds the standard, and if there is, whether the measures or structures to prevent confinement specified in this Standard are designed;
---Whether the cabinet frame products higher than 600 mm are designed with connectors and related reserved holes to connect with fixed objects (for example, walls); ---Check whether the push-pull components, such as: drawers and pull-out baskets, are designed with an anti-falling device, and whether the vertically sliding parts are designed with a damping device;
---Check whether the casters are designed with a locking device;
---For the design of bunk beds, check whether there is a permanent scale line designed to limit the thickness of the mattress on the breast board, and the height from the scale line to the top...