GB/T 3884.2-2012 English PDF (GBT3884.2-2012)

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GB/T 3884.2-2012: Methods for chemical analysis of copper concentrates -- Part 2: Determination of gold and silver contents -- Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method and fire assay method
GB/T 3884.2-2012
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 77.120.60
H 13
Replacing GB/T 3884.2-2000
Methods for chemical analysis of copper
concentrates - Part 2: Determination of gold and silver
contents - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric
method and fire assay method
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 31, 2012
IMPLEMENTED ON: OCTOBER 1, 2013
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection
and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Method 1 - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method ... 5
3 Method 2 - Fire assay method ... 9
Foreword
GB/T 3884 Methods for chemical analysis of copper concentrates is divided
into 14 parts:
— Part 1: Determination of copper content - Iodine titration method
— Part 2: Determination of gold and silver contents - Flame atomic
absorption spectrometric method and fire assay method
— Part 3: Determination of sulfur content - Gravimetric method and
combustion-titration method
— Part 4: Determination of magnesium oxide content - Flame atomic
absorption spectrophotometry method
— Part 5: Determination of fluoride content - Ion selective electrode
method
— Part 6: Determination of lead, zinc, cadmium and nickel content - Flame
atomic absorption spectrometry method
— Part 7: Determination of lead content - Na2EDTA titration method
— Part 8: Determination of zinc content - Na2EDTA titration method
— Part 9: Determination of arsenic and bismuth contents - Hydride
generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry method - The potassium
bromate titration method and the silver diethyldithiocarbamate
photometric method
— Part 10: Determination of antimony content - Hydride generation atomic
fluorescence spectrometry method
— Part 11: Determination of mercury content - Cold atomic absorption
spectrometric method
— Part 12: Determination of fluoride content and chloride content - Ion
chromatography
— Part 13: Determination of copper - Electrogravimetric method
— Part 14: Determination of gold and silver - Fire assay gravimetric and
flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
This Part is Part 2.
This Part was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
Methods for chemical analysis of copper
concentrates - Part 2: Determination of gold and silver
contents - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric
method and fire assay method
1 Scope
This method specifies the method for determining gold and silver contents in
copper concentrates.
This method applies to the determination of gold and silver contents in copper
concentrates. Determination range of method 1: silver: 10.0g/t to 300.0g/t;
determination range of method 2: gold: 0.50g/t to 40.00g/t; silver: 50.0g/t to
2,500.0g/t.
2 Method 1 - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric
method
2.1 Method summary
DISSOLVE the specimen by nitric acid and perchloric acid. In a dilute
hydrochloric acid medium, MEASURE the absorbance of silver by an
air-acetylene flame at an atomic absorption spectrometer at a wavelength of
328.1nm. DEDUCT the background absorption. CALCULATE the silver
content according to the standard curve.
2.2 Reagents
Unless otherwise stated, only analytically pure reagents and distilled or
deionized water or water of comparable purity are used in the analysis.
2.2.1 Ammonium hydrogen fluoride.
2.2.2 Hydrochloric acid (ρ = 1.19g/mL).
2.2.3 Hydrochloric acid (1+9).
2.2.4 Nitric acid (ρ = 1.42g/mL).
2.2.5 Nitric acid (1+1).
2.2.6 Perchloric acid (ρ = 1.67g/mL).
2.2.7 Silver standard storage solution: WEIGH 0.1000g of pure silver
(wAg≥99.99%) in a 200mL beaker, ADD 20mL of nitric acid (2.2.5), HEAT to
completely dissolve, COOL to room temperature, and TRANSFER to a
200mL brown volumetric flask. DILUTE with chlorine-free ion exchange water
to the scale, and MIX well. 1mL of this solution contains 500μg of silver.
2.2.8 Silver standard solution: PIPETTE 10.00mL of silver standard storage
solution (2.2.7) into a 100mL volumetric flask, DILUTE to the scale with
hydrochloric acid (1+9), and MIX well. 1mL of this solution contains 20μg of
silver.
2.3 Instruments
Atomic absorption spectrometer, with silver hollow cathode lamp.
Under the best operating conditions of the instrument, those that can reach
the following indexes may be used.
— Characteristic concentration: The characteristic concentration of silver
shall not be greater than 0.018μg/mL in a solution consistent with the
matrix of the measurement specimen solution.
— Precision: The absorbance is measured 10 times with the highest
concentration standard solution. The standard deviation shall not
exceed 1.0% of the average absorbance. The absorbance is measured
10 times with the lowest concentration of standard solubility (not the
“zero” standard solubility). The standard deviation shall not exceed 0.5%
of the average absorbance of the highest concentration standard
solution.
— Linearity of operating curve: The operating curve is divided into five
segments according to the concentration. The ratio of the absorbance
difference of the highest segment to the absorbance difference of the
lowest segment is not less than 0.85.
2.4 Specimen
2.4.1 The sample size shall be no more than 100μm.
2.4.2 The sample shall be dried at 100°C to 105°C for 1h and then placed in
a desiccator to cool to room temperature.
2.5 Analytical procedure
3.2.1 Sodium carbonate: industrial pure, powdery.
3.2.2 Lead oxide: industrial pure, powdery (gold content < 0.01g/t, and silver
content < 0.5g/t).
3.2.3 Silicon dioxide: industrial pure, powdery.
3.2.4 Borax: powdery.
3.2.5 Starch: powdery.
3.2.6 Potassium nitrate: powdery.
3.2.7 Sodium chloride: industrial pure, powdery.
3.2.8 Pure silver: 99.99%.
3.2.9 Lead foil: 0.1mm to 0.15mm thick, 3g to 5g in mass, square, with a
gold content of less than 0.1g/t.
3.2.10 Nitric acid (ρ=1.42g/mL), guaranteed reagent.
3.2.11 Nitric acid (1+7), free of chloride.
3.2.12 Nitric acid (1+1), free of chloride.
3.2.13 Ammonium ferric sulfate indicator: TAKE a saturated solution of
ammonium ferric sulfate, ADD three portions of nitric acid (1+3), and MIX
well.
3.2.14 Standard titration solution of potassium thiocyanate
3.2.14.1 Preparation: WEIGH 0.5g of potassium thiocyanate. PLACE it in a
100mL beaker. DISSOLVE it in water. PIPETTE into a 1,000mL volumetric
flask. DILUTE to the scale, and MIX well. After standing for one week, filter
and set aside.
3.2.14.2 Calibration: WEIGH three portions of 10.00mg to 15.00mg of pure
silver (3.2.8). PLACE them in a 50mL porcelain crucible (3.3.9), respectively.
ADD 10mL to 15mL nitric acid (3.2.12), slightly HEAT to dissolve, and STEAM
to about 1mL to 2mL. ADD a small amount of water and 0.5mL of ammonium
ferric sulfate indicator (3.2.13). USE the standard titration solution of
potassium thiocyanate (3.2.14) to titrate to light red as the endpoint.
CALCULATE the actual concentration of the standard titration solution of
potassium thiocyanate according to Formula (2).
lead buckle content (if the contents of iron, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, nickel,
etc. are high, INCREASE the amount appropriately).
Silicon dioxide: The amount added is calculated as the amount required to be
equal to the slag of the degree of silicic acid of 0.5.