GB/T 38785-2020 English PDF (GBT38785-2020)

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GB/T 38785-2020: General technical requirements of thin-film photovoltaic module recycling and reusing for use in building
GB/T 38785-2020
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 13.030.50
Z 05
General technical requirements of thin-film
photovoltaic module recycling and reusing for use in
building
ISSUED ON: JUNE 02, 2020
IMPLEMENTED ON: APRIL 01, 2021
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 4 
2 Normative references ... 4 
3 Terms and definitions ... 5 
4 Basic principles ... 6 
5 Collection, transportation and storage ... 7 
6 Disassembly ... 8 
7 Disposal ... 9 
8 Recycling ... 10 
9 Management ... 12 
General technical requirements of thin-film
photovoltaic module recycling and reusing for use in
building
1 Scope
This standard specifies the basic principles, collection, transportation and
storage, dismantling, processing, recycling, management of thin-film
photovoltaic module for use in building (hereinafter referred to as "modules").
This standard applies to the recycling and reuse of cadmium telluride and
copper indium gallium selenium thin-film photovoltaic module's waste modules.
The recycling and reuse of other thin-film photovoltaic module modules can
refer to this standard.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For
the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) is applicable to this standard.
GB 8978 Integrated waste water discharge standard
GB 16297 Comprehensive emission standard of air pollutants
GB 18484 Pollution control standard for hazardous wastes incineration
GB 18599 Standard for pollution on the storage and disposal site for general
industrial solid wastes
GB/T 20861-2007 Terminology of waste product recovery
GB/T 23685 General technical specifications of recovering for waste
electrical and electronic equipment
GB/T 30102 Plastics - Guidelines for the recovery and recycling of plastics
waste
HJ/T 181 Environmental projection technical specification for centralized
3.6
Disassembly
The process of using manual or mechanical means to dismantle,
disassemble the waste modules, to facilitate subsequent processing.
Note: Rewrite GB/T 23685-2009, definition 3.5.
3.7
Treatment
The process of decontamination, sorting, crushing of waste modules.
Note: Rewrite GB/T 20861-2007, definition 2.7.
3.8
Recycling
The process of the disposal of waste modules, recycling the valuable
materials in the modules, to make it become reusable materials, excluding
the recovery and utilization of energy.
Note: Rewrite GB/T 20861-2007, definition 2.10.
3.9
Metal recovery rate
The ratio of the total mass of pure metal recovered from the thin film layer of
waste modules to the total mass of pure metal in the thin film layer of waste
modules.
3.10
Energy recovery
The process of using incineration, pyrolysis and other methods to dispose
the non-recyclable polymer materials in the waste modules as well as
realizing energy recovery.
Note: Rewrite GB/T 20861-2007, definition 2.19.
4 Basic principles
4.1 During the disposal process, priority shall be given to the reuse of the parts
5.3 Transportation
5.3.1 Waste modules shall be registered before transportation.
5.3.2 Do not disassemble or dispose of waste modules in any form during
transportation.
5.3.3 The protective measures during transportation shall meet relevant laws
and management requirements.
5.3.4 It shall prevent secondary damage and pollution of waste modules during
transportation.
5.4 Storage
5.4.1 The storage site of waste modules shall comply with the requirements in
GB 18599.
5.4.2 Waste modules shall be classified and stored; their specifications, models
and names shall be marked in a prominent position.
5.4.3 Waste modules shall be placed in a special storage place that is shaded,
protected from wind and rain; meanwhile it shall be marked with warning signs
of leakage prevention and heavy metal hazards.
5.4.4 The storage place for waste modules shall be equipped with fire risk early
warning devices and firefighting facilities.
5.4.5 Waste unqualified products without any packaging shall be stored
separately.
6 Disassembly
6.1 To disassemble the waste modules, it shall first remove the bracket and
frame (or back rail); then remove the termination; finally the laminate.
6.2 The integrity of the laminate shall be ensured when the waste modules are
disassembled.
6.3 All parts and modules taken out in advance shall not be discarded randomly;
they shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of 7.1.4, 7.2, 7.3 of
this standard.
6.4 The parts and materials removed from the disassembly shall be stored
separately and clearly marked.
6.5 The disassembly site shall comply with the requirements in HJ/T 181.
a) Wet method: Directly use mechanical crushing and then oxidation acid
leaching treatment;
b) Fire method: The mixture is recovered by high-temperature evaporation
and cooling, then carry out oxidized acid leaching treatment.
7.4.2 When using mechanical crushing methods to dispose of waste modules,
separate or isolated work areas shall be set up. The crushing and sorting
process shall be equipped with dust-proof and dust-removing facilities; the
exhaust gas after treatment shall meet the requirements in GB 16297.
7.4.3 The comprehensive recovery of metal materials using hydrometallurgical
processes such as inorganic acids or organic chemical solvents shall be carried
out in equipment with measures to prevent chemical spills.
7.4.4 Equipment and storage tanks for storing inorganic acids or organic
solvents shall be equipped with necessary safety facilities such as anti-overflow,
anti-leakage and accident alarms.
7.4.5 The strong acids, strong bases and strong oxidants used in the recycling
process shall be clearly marked or warned.
7.4.6 Waste inorganic acids or organic solvents and other chemicals are
prohibited from being discharged at will, which shall be treated or utilized by
professional organizations.
7.4.7 When the incineration method or pyrolysis method is used for disposal, it
shall be equipped with flue gas treatment facilities and explosion-proof and
alarm devices; when the incineration method is used for disposal, the emission
of air pollutants shall meet the requirements in GB 18484; when the pyrolysis
method is used for disposal, the atmospheric pollutant discharge shall meet the
requirements in GB 16297.
8 Recycling
8.1 Recycling of metal materials in the film layer
8.1.1 The metal material in the film layer of the waste module is recycled, mainly
by solvent oxidation leaching to dissolve the membrane material into the
solution, then separate and recover the metal material step by step. There shall
be no leakage of the solution during the whole process. The gas produced
during the reaction shall be discharged after treatment (to meet discharge
standard) and the discharge of various pollutants shall meet the requirements
in GB 16297; the discharge of various pollutants after processing of the waste
liquid shall meet the requirements in GB 8978.
8.3.2 After the waste plastics containing flame retardants are processed, if their
quality meets the relevant quality standards, they can b...