GB/T 38661-2020 English PDF (GB/T38661-2020)

GB/T 38661-2020: Technical Specifications of Battery Management System for Electric Vehicles
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GB/T 38661-2020
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.080
T 47
Technical Specifications of Battery Management
System for Electric Vehicles
ISSUED ON: MARCH 31, 2020
IMPLEMENTED ON: OCTOBER 1, 2020
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 4 
2 Normative References ... 4 
3 Terms and Definitions ... 5 
4 Abbreviations and Symbols ... 6 
5 Technical Requirements ... 7 
6 Test Methods ... 15 
7 Inspection Rules ... 22 
Appendix A (normative) System Functional Status Level ... 26 
Appendix B (normative) Test Method for SOC Accumulative Error ... 27 
Appendix C (informative) SOC Error Correction Speed Test ... 30 
Appendix D (informative) SOP Estimation Error Test Method ... 37 
Appendix E (informative) Equilibrium Test Method ... 40 
Appendix F (informative) Typical Charging and Discharging Working Conditions
of Battery System ... 42 
Technical Specifications of Battery Management
System for Electric Vehicles
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the technical requirements, test methods and inspection rules
of power storage battery management system for electric vehicles (hereinafter referred
to as battery management system).
This Standard is applicable to li-ion power battery and nickel-hydrogen power battery
management system for electric vehicles. The management system of other types of
power storage battery may take this as a reference.
2 Normative References
The following documents are indispensable to the application of this document. In
terms of references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are
applicable to this document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest
version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 4365 Electrotechnical Terminology - Electromagnetic Compatibility
GB/T 17626.4-2018 Electromagnetic Compatibility - Testing and Measurement
Techniques - Electrical Fast Transient / Burst Immunity Test
GB/T 18384.3-2015 Electrically Propelled Road Vehicles - Safety Specifications - Part
3: Protection of Persons against Electric Shock
GB/T 18655-2018 Vehicles, Boats, and Internal Combustion Engines - Radio
Disturbance Characteristics - Limits and Methods of Measurement for the Protection
of On-board Receivers
GB/T 19596-2017 Terminology of Electric Vehicles
GB/T 19951 Road Vehicles - Disturbances Test Methods for Electrical / Electronic
Component from Electrostatic Discharge
GB/T 21437.2-2008 Road Vehicles - Electrical Disturbances from Conduction and
Coupling - Part 2: Electrical Transient Conduction along Supply Lines Only
GB/T 21437.3-2012 Road Vehicles - Electrical Disturbances from Conduction and
Coupling - Part 3: Electrical Transient Transmission by Capacitive and Inductive
Coupling via Lines other than Supply Lines
GB/T 27930 Communication Protocols between Off-board Conductive Charger and
Battery Management System for Electric Vehicle
GB/T 28046.1-2011 Road Vehicles - Environmental Conditions and Testing for
Electrical and Electronic Equipment - Part 1: General
GB/T 28046.2-2011 Road Vehicles - Environmental Conditions and Testing for
Electrical and Electronic Equipment - Part 2: Electrical Loads
GB/T 28046.3-2011 Road Vehicles - Environmental Conditions and Testing for
Electrical and Electronic Equipment - Part 3: Mechanical Loads
GB/T 28046.4-2011 Road Vehicles - Environmental Conditions and Testing for
Electrical and Electronic Equipment - Part 4: Climatic Loads
GB/T 33014.2 Road Vehicles - Component Test Methods for Electrical / Electronic
Disturbances from Narrowband Radiated Electromagnetic Energy - Part 2: Absorber-
lined Shielded Enclosure
GB/T 33014.4 Road Vehicles - Component Test Methods for Electrical / Electronic
Disturbances from Narrowband Radiated Electromagnetic Energy - Part 4: Bulk
Current Injection (BCI)
ISO 11452-8:2015 Road Vehicles - Component Test Methods for Electrical
Disturbances from Narrowband Radiated Electromagnetic Energy - Part 8: Immunity
to Magnetic Fields
3 Terms and Definitions
What is defined in GB/T 4365, GB/T 19596-2017 and GB/T 28046.1-2011, and the
following terms and definitions are applicable to this document. For ease of use, some
terms and definitions in GB/T 19596-2017 are repeatedly listed out.
3.1 Battery Electronics
Battery electronics refers to an electronic device that collects or simultaneously
monitors electrical and thermal data of secondary cells or modules. If necessary, it may
include electronic components used for secondary cell equilibrium.
NOTE: battery electronics may include secondary cell controller; the equilibrium between
secondary cells may be controlled by battery electronics, or, through battery
control unit.
[GB/T 19596-2017, Definition 3.3.2.1.5]
3.2 Battery Control Unit
BCU: Battery Control Unit
BMS: Battery Management System
FS: Full Scale
NOTE: FS refers to the absolute value of the maximum measurable value of the battery
management system.
SOC: State of Charge
SOP: State of Power
4.2 Symbols
The following symbols are applicable to this document.
C1: 1 h rated capacity (Ah).
I1: 1 h discharging current (A), whose value equals to the rated capacity.
5 Technical Requirements
5.1 Service Environment
5.1.1 Operating Temperature
-20 °C ~ 65 °C, or, negotiated and determined by OEMs and manufacturers in
accordance with the stipulations of GB/T 28046.4-2011, and the installation location of
the battery management system.
5.1.2 Storage temperature
-40 °C ~ 85 °C, or, negotiated and determined by OEMs and manufacturers in
accordance with the stipulations of GB/T 28046.4-2011, and the installation location of
the battery management system.
5.1.3 Operating humidity
5% ~ 95%, or, negotiated and determined by OEMs and manufacturers in accordance
with the stipulations of GB/T 28046.4-2011, and the installation location of the battery
management system.
5.2 Supply Voltage
The range of supply voltage is shown in Table 1, or, negotiated and determined by
OEMs and manufacturers.
should have SOP estimation and equilibrium function.
5.4 State Parameter Measurement Accuracy
5.4.1 Total voltage
The detection accuracy of total voltage shall satisfy ± 1% FS.
5.4.2 Total current
5.4.2.1 In terms of li-ion power battery, the detection accuracy of total current shall
satisfy ± 2% FS.
5.4.2.2 In terms of nickel-hydrogen power battery, the detection accuracy of total
current shall satisfy ± 3% FS.
5.4.3 Secondary cell (cell group) voltage
5.4.3.1 In terms of li-ion power battery, the detection accuracy of secondary cell (cell
group) voltage shall satisfy ± 0.5% FS; the absolute value of the maximum error shall
be not more than 10 mV.
5.4.3.2 In terms of nickel-hydrogen power battery, the detection accuracy of secondary
cell (cell group) voltage or module voltage shall satisfy ± 1% FS.
5.4.4 Temperature
5.4.4.1 In terms of li-ion power battery, within the range of -20 °C ~ 65 °C (including -
20 °C and 65 °C), the temperature detection accuracy shall satisfy ± 2 °C; within the
range of -40 °C ~ -20 °C and 65 °C ~ 125 °C (or the highest measured temperature
calibrated by the battery management system), the temperature detection accuracy
shall satisfy ± 3 °C.
5.4.4.2 In terms of nickel-hydrogen power battery, within the range of -20 °C ~ 65 °C
(including -20 °C and 65 °C), the temperature detection accuracy shall satisfy ± 3 °C;
within the range of -40 °C ~ -20 °C and 65 °C ~ 125 °C (or the highest measured
temperature calibrated by the battery management system), the temperature detection
accuracy shall satisfy ± 5 °C.
5.4.5 Insulation resistance
In terms of battery management system equipped with the insulation resistance value
detection function, when the total battery voltage (nominal) is above 400 V (including
400 V), the relative error of insulation resistance detection shall be -20 % ~ +20%;
when the total battery voltage (nominal) is below 400 V, the relative error of insulation
resistance detection shall be -30% ~ +30%.
When the insulation resistance is less than, or equals to 50 k, the detection accuracy
The battery management system shall be tested in accordance with 6.6.1. The
functional status shall reach Level-A specified in Appendix A.
5.8.2 Overvoltage
The battery management system shall be tested in accordance with 6.6.2. The
functional status shall reach Level-C specified in Appendix A.
5.8.3 Superimposed AC voltage
The battery management system shall be tested in accordance with 6.6.3. When the
nominal voltage is 12 V, the system test severity level is 2. When the nominal voltage
is 24 V, the system test severity level is 3. The functional status shall reach Level-A
specified in Appendix A.
5.8.4 Slow drop and rise of supply voltage
The battery management system shall be tested in accordance with 6.6.4. Within the
range of the supply voltage, the functional status shall reach Level-A as specified in
Appendix A. Beyond the range of the supply voltage, the functional status shall at least
reach Level-C specified in Appendix A.
5.8.5 Transient changes of supply voltage
The battery management system shall be tested in accordance with 6.6.5. The
functional status shall reach Level-C specified in Appendix A.
5.8.6 Reverse voltage
The battery management system shall be tested in accordance with 6.6.6. The
functional status shall reach Level-C specified in Appendix A.
5.8.7 Short-circuit protection
The battery management system shall be tested in accordance with 6.6.7. The
functional status shall reach Level-C specified in Appendix A.
5.9 Environmental Adaptability
5.9.1 Sinusoidal vibration
The battery management system shall be able to endure the vibration test specified in
6.7.1. After the test, it shall be able to normally function and satisfy the requirements
for state parameter measurement accuracy in 5.4. In addition, it shall pass visual
inspection and there shall be no falling-off of components and parts.
5.9.2 Random vibration
The battery management system shall receive the salt mist resistance test in
accordance with 6.7.8; no saltwater is allowed to enter the housing. Under the
operating mode specified in GB/T 28046.1-2011 in 3.2, the functional status shall reach
Level-A specified in Appendix A. For test objects completely placed in the passenger
compartment, luggage compartment or cargo compartment, the salt mist resistance
test is not required. For test objects installed inside the battery compartment, if the
compartment’s protection level reaches IP 67, the salt mist resistance test may not be
performed.
5.9.9 Damp heat cycle
The battery management system shall receive the damp heat cycle test in accordance
with 6.7.9. The functional status shall reach Level-A specified in Appendix A.
5.10 Electromagnetic Compatibility Performance
5.10.1 Conduction disturbance
The battery management system shall be tested in accordance with 6.8.2. If OEMs
and the manufacturers do not have special stipulations, the limit value of conduction
disturbance shall comply with the requirements of Level-3 specified in GB/T 18655-
2018.
5.10.2 Radiation disturbance
The battery management system shall be tested in accordance with 6.8.3. If OEMs
and the manufacturers do not have special stipulations, the limit value of radiation
disturbance shall comply with the requirements of Level-3 specified in GB/T 18655-
2018.
5.10.3 Transient conduction immunity of power line
The battery management system shall be tested in accordance with 6.8.4. If OEMs
and the manufacturers do not have special stipulations, the requirements for functional
status in the test result are shown in Table 4.
Table 4 -- Requirements for Transient Conduction Immunity of Power Line of
Battery Management System
5.10.4 Transient conduction immunity of signal line / control line
The battery management system shall be tested in accordance with 6.8.5. If OEMs
Test Pulse
System’s
Functional Status
6.2.4.1 In terms of li-ion battery, at -20 °C ± 2 °C, 25 °C ± 2 °C and 65 °C ± 2 °C (or, it
may be determined by OEMs and the manufacturers through negotiation in
accordance with the practical application), respectively detect 1.5 V, 3 V and 4.5 V
secondary cell voltage (the number of channels is not less than the number of sampling
units of one independent power supply). Compare the data collected by the battery
management system with the data monitored by the detection equipment.
6.2.4.2 In terms of nickel-metal hydride battery, at -20 °C ± 2 °C, 25 °C ± 2 °C and
65 °C ± 2 °C (or, it may be determined by OEMs and the manufacturers through
negotiation in accordance with the practical application), respectively detect module
voltage n  1.0 V, n  1.2 V, n  1.6 V (n is the number of secondary cells connected
in series in the module, where the number of channels is not less than the number of
sampling units of one independent power supply). Compare the data collected by the
battery management system with the data monitored by the detection equipment.
6.2.5 Temperature
At -20 °C ± 2 °C, 25 °C ± 2 °C and 65 °C ± 2 °C (or, it may be determined by OEMs
and the manufacturers through negotiation in accordance with the practical application),
simultaneously place the probe of the temperature measurement device of the battery
management system and the probe of the sensor of the detection equipment at -40 °C,
0 °C, 25 °C, 40 °C and 125 °C (or the highest measured temperature calibrated by the
battery management system); measure the temperature value. Compare the data
collected by the battery management system with the data monitored by the detection
equipment.
6.2.6 Insulation resistance
Under 50%, 75% and 100% full-scale voltage, respectively connect the total positive
to ground and the total negative to ground of the battery to...