GB/T 37787-2019 English PDF (GB/T37787-2019)

GB/T 37787-2019: Metallic materials - Determination of microporosity - Fluorescence method
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GB/T 37787-2019
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 77.040.99
H 24
Metallic materials - Determination of microporosity -
Fluorescence method
ISSUED ON: AUGUST 30, 2019
IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 01, 2020
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 4 
2 Normative references ... 4 
3 Terms and definitions ... 4 
4 Sample preparation ... 5 
5 Microscope configuration ... 6 
6 Measurement ... 6 
7 Measurement accuracy ... 8 
8 Result representation ... 10 
9 Test report ... 10 
Appendix A (Informative) Comparison of pictures before and after fluorescent
infiltration ... 11 
Metallic materials - Determination of microporosity -
Fluorescence method
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the sample preparation, microscope configuration,
measurement, measurement accuracy, and test report, etc. for fluorescence
method for the determination of area percentage content of microporosity in
metallic materials.
This Standard applies to the determination of the area percentage content of
microporosity in as-cast metallic materials and 3D printed metallic materials.
The determination of the pore content in other materials such as ceramics,
powder metallurgy materials may refer to it for use.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For the dated references, only the editions with the dates indicated are
applicable to this document. For the undated references, the latest edition
(including all the amendments) are applicable to this document.
GB/T 8170 Rules of rounding off for numerical values and expression and
judgement of limiting values
GB/T 13298 Inspection methods of microstructure for metals
GB/T 15749-2008 Measuring method in quantitative metallography
GB/T 30067 Standard Terminology Relating to Metallography
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 30067 and the following ones apply
to this document. For ease of use, some of the terms and definitions in GB/T
30067 are repeated below.
3.1 Microporosity
Very fine pores in the casting.
requirements of the corresponding product standard or the agreement between
the two parties. When not required, it shall measure at least 5 random view
fields. It shall avoid the repeat overlay of the view fields and take the average
result as the measured value. According to the product standard or the mutual
agreement, it may also be expressed in terms of the area percentage content
of the most serious view field.
6.2 Measurement methods
6.2.1 Quantitative metallographic manual measurement method
USE fluorescence imaging method of a metallographic microscope to collect
microporosity photographs. According to the provisions of GB/T 15749-2008,
manual testing methods such as grid counting pixels method or microscopic
micrometer eyepiece determination method are used to quantitatively detect
and calculate the area percentage content of microporosity in the sample.
6.2.2 Image analysis measurement method
6.2.2.1 In the image analysis software, open the image to be tested. If the
software for collecting images and the image analysis software belong to the
same software program, it is necessary to check the magnification times of the
image; the analysis and measurement can be directly performed in the image
analysis software. If the software for collecting images and the image analysis
software are software from different manufacturers, the magnification times of
the image shall be checked first; then the image quantitative analysis and
calculation shall be performed.
6.2.2.2 LOAD the ruler.
6.2.2.3 The image is subjected to binary segmentation processing to extract the
microporosity to be tested. The acquired image, whether it is a grayscale image
or a color image, requires binary segmentation numerical processing on the
object to be tested. EXTRACT the binary segmentation graph of the object to
be tested and then calculate.
6.2.2.4 The function of measuring the percentage content of two-phase or multi-
phase area in image analysis is selected, to measure the area percentage
content of the extracted microporosity.
6.2.2.5 In case of dispute, the image analysis measurement method is used as
the arbitration method.
8 Result representation
8.1 If the product technical standard or the agreement between the supplier and
the purchaser requires to report the area percentage content of the
microporosity of the most serious view field, then the microporosity content is
expressed as a percentage. Retain one significant digit after the decimal point.
The rules of rounding off shall be in accordance with GB/T 8170.
8.2 Unless otherwise specified, the measurement result of area percentage
content of microporosity may be expressed by S±95%Cl (%RA).
9 Test report
The test report should include the following:
a) This Standard number;
b) Sample name, material, and specifications;
c) The ratio of fluorescent infiltrant, vacuum degree, infiltration time;
d) The area percentage content of microporosity;
e) Test report number and date.
GB/T 37787-2019
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 77.040.99
H 24
Metallic materials - Determination of microporosity -
Fluorescence method
ISSUED ON: AUGUST 30, 2019
IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 01, 2020
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 4 
2 Normative references ... 4 
3 Terms and definitions ... 4 
4 Sample preparation ... 5 
5 Microscope configuration ... 6 
6 Measurement ... 6 
7 Measurement accuracy ... 8 
8 Result representation ... 10 
9 Test report ... 10 
Appendix A (Informative) Comparison of pictures before and after fluorescent
infiltration ... 11 
Metallic materials - Determination of microporosity -
Fluorescence method
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the sample preparation, microscope configuration,
measurement, measurement accuracy, and test report, etc. for fluorescence
method for the determination of area percentage content of microporosity in
metallic materials.
This Standard applies to the determination of the area percentage content of
microporosity in as-cast metallic materials and 3D printed metallic materials.
The determination of the pore content in other materials such as ceramics,
powder metallurgy materials may refer to it for use.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For the dated references, only the editions with the dates indicated are
applicable to this document. For the undated references, the latest edition
(including all the amendments) are applicable to this document.
GB/T 8170 Rules of rounding off for numerical values and expression and
judgement of limiting values
GB/T 13298 Inspection methods of microstructure for metals
GB/T 15749-2008 Measuring method in quantitative metallography
GB/T 30067 Standard Terminology Relating to Metallography
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 30067 and the following ones apply
to this document. For ease of use, some of the terms and definitions in GB/T
30067 are repeated below.
3.1 Microporosity
Very fine pores in the casting.
requirements of the corresponding product standard or the agreement between
the two parties. When not required, it shall measure at least 5 random view
fields. It shall avoid the repeat overlay of the view fields and take the average
result as the measured value. According to the product standard or the mutual
agreement, it may also be expressed in terms of the area percentage content
of the most serious view field.
6.2 Measurement methods
6.2.1 Quantitative metallographic manual measurement method
USE fluorescence imaging method of a metallographic microscope to collect
microporosity photographs. According to the provisions of GB/T 15749-2008,
manual testing methods such as grid counting pixels method or microscopic
micrometer eyepiece determination method are used to quantitatively detect
and calculate the area percentage content of microporosity in the sample.
6.2.2 Image analysis measurement method
6.2.2.1 In the image analysis software, open the image to be tested. If the
software for collecting images and the image analysis software belong to the
same software program, it is necessary to check the magnification times of the
image; the analysis and measurement can be directly performed in the image
analysis software. If the software for collecting images and the image analysis
software are software from different manufacturers, the magnification times of
the image shall be checked first; then the image quantitative analysis and
calculation shall be performed.
6.2.2.2 LOAD the ruler.
6.2.2.3 The image is subjected to binary segmentation processing to extract the
microporosity to be tested. The acquired image, whether it is a grayscale image
or a color image, requires binary segmentation numerical processing on the
object to be tested. EXTRACT the binary segmentation graph of the object to
be tested and then calculate.
6.2.2.4 The function of measuring the percentage content of two-phase or multi-
phase area in image analysis is selected, to measure the area percentage
content of the extracted microporosity.
6.2.2.5 In case of dispute, the image analysis measurement method is used as
the arbitration method.
8 Result representation
8.1 If the product technical standard or the agreement between the supplier and
the purchaser requires to report the area percentage content of the
microporosity of the most serious view field, then the microporosity content is
expressed as a percentage. Retain one significant digit after the decimal point.
The rules of rounding off shall be in accordance with GB/T 8170.
8.2 Unless otherwise specified, the measurement result of area percentage
content of microporosity may be expressed by S±95%Cl (%RA).
9 Test report
The test report should include the following:
a) This Standard number;
b) Sample name, material, and specifications;
c) The ratio of fluorescent infiltrant, vacuum degree, infiltration time;
d) The area percentage content of microporosity;
e) Test report number and date.