GB/T 33165-2016 English PDF (GB/T33165-2016)

GB/T 33165-2016: Quantitative Analysis Method of Centre Segregation for High Carbon Steel Wire Rod
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GB/T 33165-2016
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 77.040.99
H 24
Quantitative Analysis Method of Centre
Segregation for High Carbon Steel Wire Rod
ISSUED ON. OCTOBER 13, 2016
IMPLEMENTED ON. SEPTEMBER 1, 2017
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative References ... 4
3 Terms and Definitions ... 4
4 Method Principle ... 5
5 Instrument and Auxiliary Equipment ... 6
6 Standard Sample ... 6
7 Specimen Preparation ... 6
8 Measuring Conditions ... 7
9 Working Curve ... 7
10 Specimen Line Analysis ... 7
11 Measuring Results ... 8
12 Uncertainty of Measuring Results ... 10
13 Test Report ... 10
Appendix A (Informative) Working Curve Setting Example ... 11
Appendix B (Informative) Factors Affecting the Measuring Uncertainty of the
Element Content by Spectrometer ... 13
Foreword
This Standard was drafted as per the rules specified in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This Standard was proposed by China Iron and Steel Industry Association.
This Standard shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee for
Standardization of Steel (SAC/TC 183).
Drafting organizations of this Standard. Wuhan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., China
Metallurgical Information and Standardization Institute, and Tianjin Iron and Steel
(Group) Co., Ltd.
Chief drafting staffs of this Standard. Sun Yiqiang, Wu Lixin, Wang Zhifen, Chen
Shihua, Yan Chengming, Han Rongdong, Deng Zhaojun, Zhang Long, and Luo
Chunmin.
Quantitative Analysis Method of Centre
Segregation for High Carbon Steel Wire Rod
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the terms, principle, instrument and auxiliary equipment,
standard sample, specimen preparation, measuring conditions and methods, and
result analysis for quantitative analysis of center segregation for high carbon steel wire
rod by using spectrometer.
This Standard is applicable to the high carbons steel hot-rolled wire rod with carbon
content greater than 0.65%.
2 Normative References
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For the
dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this
document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including all the
amendments) are applicable to this document.
GB/T 4930 Microbeam Analysis - Electron Probe Microanalysis - Guidelines for
the Specification of Certified Reference Materials (Crms)
GB/T 13298 Inspection Methods of Microstructure for Metals
GB/T 15074 General Guide of Quantitative Analysis by EPMA
GB/T 21636 Microbeam Analysis - Electron Probe Micro Analysis (EPMA) -
Vocabulary
GB/T 27025 General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration
Laboratories
GB/T 30067 Standard Terminology Relating to Metallography
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions and those stipulated in GB/T 21636 and GB/T
30067 are applicable to this document.
5 Instrument and Auxiliary Equipment
The testing laboratory shall meet the requirements of GB/T 27025; and have the
following instrument and auxiliary equipment.
a) Electron probe analyzer or scanning electron microscope for installing
spectrometer accessories.
b) Metallographic specimen preparation device, including specimen embedding,
grinding, polishing and corrosion device.
c) Metallographic microscope.
d) Ultrasonic cleaning device.
6 Standard Sample
6.1 Selection of standard sample
It is recommended to use the carbon element standard sample that conforms to the
provisions of GB/T 4930; the number of standard sample shall be no less than 3; the
carbon element content range in standard sample shall cover the carbon element
content of the specimen.
6.2 Treatment of standard sample
The standard sample needs re-polishing before use; check the surface by the
metallographic microscope to confirm whether there is contamination or other defects
that affect the measurement. The surface of standard sample shall not spray or coat
the covering layer, the standard sample shall be grounding by adopting conductive
double-side adhesive, conductive copper foil tape or liquid silver glue sample
connecting stage.
7 Specimen Preparation
Take the cross-section of wire rod as the specimen, then make the metallographic
polishing specimen as per GB/T 13298. After acid leaching the specimen into 2%~4%
nitric acid alcohol solution, use glass knife, scalpel or other sharp tools to make parallel
scratch mark on two sides of the segregation area, the scratch is approximately
tangent to the edge of segregation area (see Figure 1). Through polishing again, the
corrosion layer is completely removed from the specimen, while the scratch mark is
retained.
Appendix B
(Informative)
Factors Affecting the
Measuring Uncertainty of the
Element Content by Spectrometer
B.1 Sample contamination. including the water stains on the polishing surface, dust,
and other contaminants.
B.2 Sample electric charge accumulation. mainly caused by not grounding, poor
grounding of the sample; or too high current and voltage.
B.3 Measurement repeatability. including the fluctuation of measuring valued caused
by the fluctuation of accelerated voltage, beam, and detector.
B.4 Working curve. the linearity of working curve affects the measuring results.
B.5 Standard sample. the uncertainty and nonuniformity of element content in
standard sample affect the measuring results.
B.6 Rounding off on the measuring results. the rounding off on measuring value
affects the measuring results.
GB/T 33165-2016
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 77.040.99
H 24
Quantitative Analysis Method of Centre
Segregation for High Carbon Steel Wire Rod
ISSUED ON. OCTOBER 13, 2016
IMPLEMENTED ON. SEPTEMBER 1, 2017
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative References ... 4
3 Terms and Definitions ... 4
4 Method Principle ... 5
5 Instrument and Auxiliary Equipment ... 6
6 Standard Sample ... 6
7 Specimen Preparation ... 6
8 Measuring Conditions ... 7
9 Working Curve ... 7
10 Specimen Line Analysis ... 7
11 Measuring Results ... 8
12 Uncertainty of Measuring Results ... 10
13 Test Report ... 10
Appendix A (Informative) Working Curve Setting Example ... 11
Appendix B (Informative) Factors Affecting the Measuring Uncertainty of the
Element Content by Spectrometer ... 13
Foreword
This Standard was drafted as per the rules specified in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This Standard was proposed by China Iron and Steel Industry Association.
This Standard shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee for
Standardization of Steel (SAC/TC 183).
Drafting organizations of this Standard. Wuhan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., China
Metallurgical Information and Standardization Institute, and Tianjin Iron and Steel
(Group) Co., Ltd.
Chief drafting staffs of this Standard. Sun Yiqiang, Wu Lixin, Wang Zhifen, Chen
Shihua, Yan Chengming, Han Rongdong, Deng Zhaojun, Zhang Long, and Luo
Chunmin.
Quantitative Analysis Method of Centre
Segregation for High Carbon Steel Wire Rod
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the terms, principle, instrument and auxiliary equipment,
standard sample, specimen preparation, measuring conditions and methods, and
result analysis for quantitative analysis of center segregation for high carbon steel wire
rod by using spectrometer.
This Standard is applicable to the high carbons steel hot-rolled wire rod with carbon
content greater than 0.65%.
2 Normative References
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For the
dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this
document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including all the
amendments) are applicable to this document.
GB/T 4930 Microbeam Analysis - Electron Probe Microanalysis - Guidelines for
the Specification of Certified Reference Materials (Crms)
GB/T 13298 Inspection Methods of Microstructure for Metals
GB/T 15074 General Guide of Quantitative Analysis by EPMA
GB/T 21636 Microbeam Analysis - Electron Probe Micro Analysis (EPMA) -
Vocabulary
GB/T 27025 General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration
Laboratories
GB/T 30067 Standard Terminology Relating to Metallography
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions and those stipulated in GB/T 21636 and GB/T
30067 are applicable to this document.
5 Instrument and Auxiliary Equipment
The testing laboratory shall meet the requirements of GB/T 27025; and have the
following instrument and auxiliary equipment.
a) Electron probe analyzer or scanning electron microscope for installing
spectrometer accessories.
b) Metallographic specimen preparation device, including specimen embedding,
grinding, polishing and corrosion device.
c) Metallographic microscope.
d) Ultrasonic cleaning device.
6 Standard Sample
6.1 Selection of standard sample
It is recommended to use the carbon element standard sample that conforms to the
provisions of GB/T 4930; the number of standard sample shall be no less than 3; the
carbon element content range in standard sample shall cover the carbon element
content of the specimen.
6.2 Treatment of standard sample
The standard sample needs re-polishing before use; check the surface by the
metallographic microscope to confirm whether there is contamination or other defects
that affect the measurement. The surface of standard sample shall not spray or coat
the covering layer, the standard sample shall be grounding by adopting conductive
double-side adhesive, conductive copper foil tape or liquid silver glue sample
connecting stage.
7 Specimen Preparation
Take the cross-section of wire rod as the specimen, then make the metallographic
polishing specimen as per GB/T 13298. After acid leaching the specimen into 2%~4%
nitric acid alcohol solution, use glass knife, scalpel or other sharp tools to make parallel
scratch mark on two sides of the segregation area, the scratch is approximately
tangent to the edge of segregation area (see Figure 1). Through polishing again, the
corrosion layer is completely removed from the specimen, while the scratch mark is
retained.
Appendix B
(Informative)
Factors Affecting the
Measuring Uncertainty of the
Element Content by Spectrometer
B.1 Sample contamination. including the water stains on the polishing surface, dust,
and other contaminants.
B.2 Sample electric charge accumulation. mainly caused by not grounding, poor
grounding of the sample; or too high current and voltage.
B.3 Measurement repeatability. including the fluctuation of measuring valued caused
by the fluctuation of accelerated voltage, beam, and detector.
B.4 Working curve. the linearity of working curve affects the measuring results.
B.5 Standard sample. the uncertainty and nonuniformity of element content in
standard sample affect the measuring results.
B.6 Rounding off on the measuring results. the rounding off on measuring value
affects the measuring results.