GB/T 3291.3-1997 English PDF (GBT3291.3-1997)

Delivery: 3 seconds. Download true-PDF + Invoice.
Get QUOTATION in 1-minute: Click GB/T 3291.3-1997
Historical versions: GB/T 3291.3-1997
Preview True-PDF (Reload/Scroll if blank)

GB/T 3291.3-1997: Textiles. Terms of textile material properties and test. Part 3: General
GB/T 3291.3-1997
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Replacing GB 3291-1982
GB 5457-1985
Textiles - Terms of Textile Material Properties and Test
- Part 3: General
APPROVED ON: OCTOBER 09, 1997
IMPLEMENTED ON: MAY 01, 1998
Approved by: State Bureau of Technical Supervision
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Definitions ... 4
Appendix A (Prompt) English Index ... 25
Textiles - Terms of Textile Material Properties and Test
- Part 3: General
1 Scope
This Standard specifies general terms of textile material properties and test; and is
applicable to textiles in the forms of fibers, yarns and fabrics.
This Standard does not include relevant terms dedicated to single-form products.
2 Definitions
For the purpose of this Standard, the following definitions apply.
2.1 Inspection
The activities that measure, inspect and test one or more characteristics of the product;
and compare the results with specified requirements for the purpose of determining
the conformity of each characteristic.
2.2 Grade
The classification or sequencing of products with the same functional purpose but
different quality requirements.
2.3 Requirements for quality
The expression of specified quantitative and qualitative requirements that need or to
be needed transforming into a set of characteristics of the entity; so that it can be
realized and evaluated.
2.4 Conforming unit
Products that meet all requirements.
2.5 Lot
According to different purposes, the unit of counting that is divided by product raw
materials, production technology, etc.
2.6 Lot sample
One or more packaging units that are randomly selected from a batch of products in
2.17 Instrumental error
The intrinsic error of the test instrument.
2.18 Personal error
The error that is caused by subjective factors and operating techniques of the
measuring staffs.
2.19 Environmental error
The error that is caused by the inconsistency between the actual environmental
conditions and the specified conditions.
2.20 Error of method
The error that is caused by imperfect measurement method.
2.21 Absolute error
The difference between the measurement result and the measured (conventional) true
value.
2.22 Relative error
The ratio of the absolute error of the measurement to the measured (conventional) true
value.
2.23 Correction
In order to eliminate or reduce the systematic error, the value that is added to the
actually-measured result by algebra.
2.24 Correction factor
In order to eliminate or reduce the systematic error, the numerical factor that is
multiplied by the actually-measured result.
2.25 Arithmetic mean
The quotient that is obtained through dividing an algebraic sum of n measured values
to be measured by n.
2.26 Weighted arithmetic mean; Lp
For multiple measurements to be measured, the quotient that is obtained through
DIVIDING the sum of the product of the arithmetic mean (L1, L2, ... Ln) of each group
of measured values and the corresponding “weight” (p1, p2, ... pn) BY the sum of
“weight”.
A treatment to make the sample or specimen reach a lower moisture regain before
conditioning in the standard atmosphere for the test.
2.34 Conditioning
A treatment in which the sample or specimen is placed in the test standard atmosphere
for a certain period of time to reach moisture equilibrium.
2.35 Standard atmosphere for preconditioning
The relative humidity and temperature that are specified by the preconditioning
treatment of the material.
2.36 Standard atmosphere for testing
The relative humidity and temperature that are specified in the textile test.
2.37 Moisture equilibrium
The state in which the moisture absorption and moisture release of textile materials
reach a balance, and the change of its quality tends to zero.
2.38 Moisture content
The percentage ratio of the mass of any form of water in the textile material that is
measured by the prescribed method to the mass of the measured moisture-containing
material.
2.39 Moisture regain
The percentage ratio of the mass of any form of water in the textile material that is
measured according to the prescribed method to the dry mass of the measured
material.
2.40 Moisture and extractable component
The percentage ratio of the mass of any form of water and extractables in the textile
material that is measured by the prescribed method to the mass of the material after
extraction and drying.
2.41 Moisture regain in the standard atmosphere
After the textile material is preconditioned, the moisture regain when it reaches the
moisture equilibrium in the standard atmosphere.
2.42 Conventional moisture regain
The conventional value of the moisture regain of the textile material.
2.52 Liquid wicking rate
A measurement of the capillary effect of a test material, which characterizes the speed
of liquid transfer to the fabric.
2.53 Color fastness
In processing and use, the color of textiles can withstand various effects. It is
expressed by the degree of discoloration of the textiles and the degree of staining of
the adjacent fabric.
2.54 Change in color
A single or comprehensive change in the brightness, chroma or hue of a textile color.
2.55 Staining
The dye in the bath liquid is absorbed into the adjacent fabric or the dye on the
specimen is transferred to the adjacent fabric.
2.56 Photochromism
A phenomenon that the colored textiles is restored the color after a short-time exposure
and discoloration, then being placed in a dark place. Namely, the reversible
discoloration that is produced by light.
2.57 Sublimation
A phenomenon in which dyes on colored textiles are directly transformed into gaseous
state by heating.
2.58 Yellowing
A phenomenon that the textiles turn yellow under the action of physics and chemistry.
2.59 Aging
A phenomenon that the textile materials are subjected to environmental conditions,
such as light, heat, air, etc., to damage their chemical structure and decrease their
physical and mechanical properties.
2.60 Color difference
The color difference between textiles or between textiles and standard scales.
2.61 Composite specimen
In the textile color fastness test, a specimen that consists of a specimen and one or
two adjacent fabrics for staining test.
percentage ratio.
2.72 pH
A measurement of the pH of a solution. A value of 7 means the solution is neutral;
below 7 means acidic; and above 7 means alkaline.
2.73 Aqueous extract
The solution that is obtained by immersing the specimen by water or other liquid, and
after dissolving the soluble substance in the specimen.
2.74 Acid content
The number of millimoles of acid that is contained in a unit mass specimen measured
under specified conditions.
2.75 Washing
The process of washing textiles by water. This process includes all or part of the
operations of dipping, pre-washing, conventional washing, rinsing and dehydration.
2.76 Chlorine-based bleaching
The process of using chlorine bleach in an aqueous solution to increase the whiteness
of textiles before, during or after washing.
2.77 Ironing and pressing
The process of forming a certain shape and appearance of textile products by heating
and pressing.
2.78 Dry-cleaning
The process of cleaning textile products by organic solvents. The process includes
decontamination, rinsing, de-liquoring and...