GB/T 31886.1-2015 English PDF (GBT31886.1-2015)

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GB/T 31886.1-2015: Test method about the influence of gaseous contaminants in reaction gas on the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells -- Part 1: Gaseous contaminants in air
GB/T 31886.1-2015
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 27.070
K 82
Test Method about the Influence of Gaseous
Contaminants in Reaction Gas on the Performance of
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell –
Part 1. Gaseous Contaminants in Air
ISSUED ON. SEPTEMBER 11, 2015
IMPLEMENTED ON. APRIL 01, 2016
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword . 3
1 Scope .. 4
2 Normative References . 4
3 Terms and Definitions . 5
4 Test Bench and Instrumentation Requirements .. 6
5 Pre-Test Preparation .. 7
6 Test Methods .. 9
7 Test Report . 14
Appendix A (Informative) Test Report . 15
Test Method about the Influence of Gaseous
Contaminants in Reaction Gas on the Performance of
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell –
Part 1. Gaseous Contaminants in Air
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the terms and definitions, test bench and instrumentation
requirements, pre-test preparation, test method and test reports relevant to influence
of SO2, NOx gaseous contaminants in the air on the performance of proton exchange
membrane fuel cell.
This Standard is applicable to the proton exchange membrane fuel cell single cells
(hereinafter referred to as “fuel cell”) where the fuel is pure hydrogen (>99.9%) and the
oxidant is air.
The volume fraction of gaseous contaminant in the air applicable to the test method
described in this Standard is no less than 1µL/L.
2 Normative References
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For the
dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this
document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including all the
amendments) are applicable to this document.
GB 3095-2012 Ambient Air Quality Standard
GB/T 5274 Gas Analysis - Preparation of Calibration Gas Mixture - Gravimetric
Method
GB/T 5275.10 Gas Analysis - Preparation of Calibration Gas Mixtures Using
Dynamic Volumetric Methods - Part 10. Permeation Method
GB/T 3634.2-2011 Hydrogen - Part 2. Pure Hydrogen, High Pure Hydrogen and
Ultrapure Hydrogen
as follows.
--- The effective area of the sample membrane electrode is 50cm2; the surrounding
area outside the effective area shall be sealed;
--- The flow filed plate adopts pure graphite plate with a serpentine flow filed;
--- The collector plate adopts the silver or gold coated stainless steel plate;
--- Fuel cell manufacturer provides cathode anode catalytic layer platinum load.
5.2 Determination of test conditions
According to the atmospheric pressure test method specified in 6.7 of GB/T 20042.5-
2009, the following test conditions shall be determined.
--- The type of the used contaminants (X) and target contaminant concentration (cXd);
--- The operating temperature of fuel cell. 75°C;
--- The test current densities are. 200 mA/cm2, 500 mA/cm2 and 800 mA/cm2;
--- The lowest voltage in the fuel cell test (Umin). 0.3V;
--- The longest poisoning time (tdmax). 10h;
--- Hydrogen stoichiometric ratio is 1.2; relative humidity is 100%; while the outlet
back pressure is 0MPa;
--- Air stoichiometric ratio is 2.5; relative humidity is 100%; while the outlet back
pressure is 0MPa;
--- The continuous sampling interval for each parameter during the test shall not
exceed 1min; thereof, the continuous sampling interval of voltage and current
shall not exceed 10s.
5.3 Preparation of reaction gas
This Standard adopts the dilution method and obtain the air with gaseous contaminant
volume fraction of cXd. Prepare the gaseous contaminant with volume fraction cX0; mix
it with clean air as per certain dilution ratio, so as to obtain the volume fraction of the
gaseous contaminants for the test specified by the fuel cell manufacturer. After diluting
the air containing the gaseous contaminant, the volume percentage of contaminant
shall be 1%~5% before the dilution.
The volume fraction (cX0) of the gaseous contaminant in the air before dilution shall be
calculated as per Formula (1).
Where.
cX0 – volume fraction of gaseous contaminant in air before dilution;
cXd – volume fraction of gaseous contaminant for test specified by the fuel cell
manufacturer;
d – dilution ratio; namely, contaminant volume fraction ratio before and after dilution.
The fuel cell test method shall be based on the volume fraction (cXd) of gaseous
contaminant specified by the manufacturer, select appropriate dilution ratio (d), then
calculate the volume fraction (cX0) of the prepared gaseous contaminant in air as per
the Formula (1).
The fuel that shall be prepared in the test of this Standard is pure hydrogen, the oxidant
is clean air and air with volume fraction of gaseous contaminant of cX0.
Pure hydrogen. prepare enough high-purity hydrogen, the quality of which shall be
above that required by GB/T 3634.2-2011; and take such hydrogen as the pure
hydrogen source for test.
Clean air. prepare enough clean air (oxygen volume fraction shall not exceed 21% ±
0.2%) as per the provisions of GB/T 5274 or GB/T 5275.10 and take it as the clean air
source for test.
Air containing gaseous contaminant. according to GB/T 5274 or GB/T 5275.10 and
calculation results of Formula (1), prepare the air only containing selected gaseous
contaminant (X) and the volume fraction is cX0, take it as the air source containing
gaseous contaminant.
5.4 Test sample quantity and requirements
Sampling quantity. at least 9 pieces (no less than 3 samples for each test item).
Requirements. samples sampled from the same batch shall be ensured the same
structure and comparable performance.
6 Test Methods
6.1 General
This Part gives the test methods for the influence of gaseous contaminant in air on the
performance of the fuel cell; this test shall be carried out on the test bench rack shown
in Figure 1. Firstly, divide the samples into 3 groups as per the different operating
6.3 Data processing
6.3.1 General
The test in this Standard is performed under constant current; when judging the fuel
cell performance before and after the poisoning, the voltage change shall be taken as
the reference basis. According to the data of this test, the average voltage on steady
state phase, average voltage after poisoning, average poisoning time, and attenuation
amplitude can be calculated.
6.3.2 Steady state performance
The arithmetic mean value of the voltage of the fuel cell sample i in the steady state
operating phase shall be calculated as per the Formula (4); it is used to characterize
the steady state performance of the fuel cell.
Where.
n – quantity of fuel cell samples for test;
Uwi – average voltage of sample i on the steady state phase, in V;
- average steady state voltage of all samples, in V.
6.3.3 Fuel cell performance after poisoning
The voltage value reached at the end of the poisoning phase of the fuel cell sample i
is used to characterize the fuel cell performance of the sample i after poisoning; The
average performance of the poisoned sample is obtained by calculating the arithmetic
average of the Udi of the different samples according to the formula (5).
Where.
n – quantity of fuel cell samples for test;
Udi – fuel cell voltage after sample i is poisoned, in V;
- average post-poisoning voltage of all samples, in V.
6.3.4 Average poisoning time ( )
– average attenuation am...