GB/T 31274-2024 English PDF (GB/T31274-2024)

GB/T 31274-2024: Restricted substances management systems for electrical and electronic products - Requirements
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GB/T 31274-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 31.020
CCS L 10
Replacing GB/T 31274-2014
Restricted substances management systems for electrical
and electronic products - Requirements
ISSUED ON: AUGUST 23, 2024
IMPLEMENTED ON: DECEMBER 01, 2024
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
National Standardization Administration.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
Introduction ... 5
1 Scope ... 6
2 Normative references ... 6
3 Terms and definitions ... 6
4 Organizational environment ... 9
5 Leadership ... 11
6 Planning ... 13
7 Support ... 15
8 Operation ... 21
9 Performance evaluation ... 33
10 Improvement ... 37
Appendix A (Informative) Risk assessment of restricted substance management ... 39
References ... 40
Restricted substances management systems for electrical
and electronic products - Requirements
1 Scope
This document specifies the requirements for the restricted substances management
system of organizations related to the production of electronic and electrical products,
including organizational environment, leadership, planning, support, operation,
performance evaluation and improvement.
This document is applicable to the evaluation of restricted substance management
systems for various types and sizes of organizations, which are related to the production
of electrical and electronic products.
Note: Organizations related to the production of electrical and electronic products include
manufacturers, suppliers, repairers, maintainers, service providers of electrical and electronic
products and their supply chains.
2 Normative references
This document has no normative references.
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Electrical and electronic products
Equipment and supporting products that rely on current or magnetic fields to
generate, transmit, measure such current and magnetic fields, whose rated working
voltage does not exceed 1500 V for direct current and 1000 V for alternating current.
[Source: GB/T 26572-2011, 3.2]
3.2
Restricted substances
Substances that are restricted for use in electrical and electronic products by laws,
The organization shall continuously determine, monitor, review the information of
these interested parties and their related requirements.
4.3 Determine the scope of the restricted substance management system
The organization shall determine the boundaries and applicability of the restricted
substance management system to determine its scope.
When determining the scope, the organization shall identify:
a) Various external and internal factors mentioned in 4.1;
b) Requirements of interested parties mentioned in 4.2;
c) Products and services of the organization.
If all the requirements of this document are applicable to the scope of the restricted
substance management system determined by the organization, the organization shall
implement all the requirements of this document.
The scope of the organization's restricted substance management system shall be
available and maintained as documented information. The scope shall describe the types
of products and services covered. If the organization determines that certain
requirements of this document are not applicable to the scope of its restricted substance
management system, the reasons shall be stated.
Conformity to the requirements of this document may be claimed only if the
requirements determined to be inapplicable do not affect the organization's ability or
responsibility to ensure the management of restricted substances in its products and
services and do not affect the enhancement of customer satisfaction.
4.4 Restricted substance management system and its processes
4.4.1 The organization shall establish, implement, maintain, continually improve a
process-based restricted substance management system, including the required
processes and their interactions, in accordance with the requirements of this document.
The organization shall determine the processes required for the restricted substance
management system and their application throughout the organization and shall:
a) Determine the required inputs and expected outputs of these processes;
b) Determine the sequence and interaction of these processes;
c) Determine and apply the necessary criteria and methods (including monitoring,
measurement and related performance indicators) to ensure the effective
operation and control of these processes;
d) Determine the resources required for these processes and ensure their availability;
e) Assign responsibilities and authorities for these processes;
f) Address risks and opportunities as required in accordance with 6.1;
g) Evaluate these processes and implement necessary changes to ensure that the
expected results of these processes are achieved;
h) Improve processes and restricted substance management system.
4.4.2 To the extent and degree necessary, the organization shall:
a) Maintain documented information to support the operation of processes;
b) Retain documented information to ensure that its processes are carried out as
planned.
5 Leadership
5.1 Leadership and commitment
5.1.1 General
Top management shall demonstrate leadership and commitment to the restricted
substances management system by:
a) Being accountable for the effectiveness of the restricted substances management
system;
b) Ensuring that the management policy and management objectives of the restricted
substances management system are established and appropriate to the
organizational context and consistent with the strategic direction;
c) Ensuring that the restricted substances management system requirements are
integrated into the organization's business processes;
d) Promoting the use of a process approach and risk-based thinking;
e) Ensuring that the resources required for the restricted substances management
system are available;
f) Communicating the importance of effective restricted substances management and
compliance with the restricted substances management system requirements;
g) Ensuring that the restricted substances management system achieves its intended
results;
h) Engaging, guiding, supporting personnel to contribute to the effectiveness of the
restricted substances management system;
i) Driving improvement;
j) Supporting other relevant managers in exercising leadership within their areas of
responsibility.
5.1.2 Customer focus
Top management shall demonstrate its leadership and commitment to customer focus
by ensuring that:
a) Applicable legal and regulatory requirements and customer requirements for
restricted substance characteristics are determined, understood, continually met;
b) Risks and opportunities that may affect product and service conformity and the
ability to enhance customer satisfaction are identified and addressed;
c) Efforts to enhance customer satisfaction are consistently made.
5.2 Policy
5.2.1 Establishment of policy
Top management shall establish, implement, maintain a restricted substances
management policy that:
a) Includes a commitment to comply with legal and regulatory requirements and to
meet customer requirements;
b) Is appropriate to the purpose and context of the organization and supports its
strategic direction;
c) Provides a framework for establishing restricted substances management
objectives;
d) Includes a commitment to continual improvement of the performance of the
restricted substances management system.
5.2.2 Communication policy
The restricted substances management policy shall:
a) Be maintained as documented information and available;
b) Be communicated, understood, applied within the organization;
c) Be available to relevant interested parties, as appropriate.
b) How to:
1) Integrate and implement these measures in the restricted substance
management system process (see 4.4);
2) Evaluate the effectiveness of these measures.
The response measures shall be commensurate with the potential impact of risks and
opportunities on the compliance of products and services with restricted substance
characteristics.
The organization shall maintain and retain documented information related to the
results of the risk and opportunity identification process, including all identified
restricted substances contained in its products and processes, introduced directly or
indirectly, or may be introduced.
Note: Opportunities include the adoption of new practices, new materials, new technologies,
the introduction of new products, the establishment of new partners, etc., which will lead to the
reduction (or elimination) of restricted substances to meet the needs of the organization or its
customers.
6.2 Planning of restricted substance management objectives and their achievement
6.2.1 The organization shall establish management objectives for relevant functions,
levels and processes required for the restricted substance management system.
The objectives shall:
a) Be consistent with the restricted substance management policy;
b) Be measurable; and, where appropriate, include a timeline for the reduction or
elimination of restricted substances identified and used in processes or products;
c) Take into account applicable requirements;
d) Be related to the compliance of products and services with restricted substance
characteristics and to enhancing customer satisfaction;
e) Be monitored;
f) Be communicated;
g) Be updated as appropriate.
The organization shall maintain documented information on restricted substance
management objectives.
6.2.2 When planning how to achieve restricted substance management objectives, the
organization shall determine:
a) What is to be done;
b) What resources are required;
c) Who is responsible;
d) When it will be completed;
e) How the results will be evaluated.
6.3 Planning of changes
When the organization determines that changes to the restricted substances
management system are needed, the changes shall be implemented in a planned manner
(see 4.4).
The organization shall identify:
a) The purpose of the change and any potential impact that may affect products and
services on applicable laws, regulations and customer requirements;
b) The impact on the integrity of the restricted substances management system;
c) The availability of resources;
d) The allocation or reallocation of responsibilities and authorities.
7 Support
7.1 Resources
7.1.1 General
The organization shall determine and provide the resources required to establish,
implement, maintain, continually improve the restricted substances management
system.
The organization shall identify:
a) The capabilities and limitations of existing internal resources;
b) The resources that need to be obtained from external providers.
7.1.2 People
The organization shall determine and provide the necessary people to effectively
monitoring and measurement resources are fit for purpose.
7.1.5.2 Measurement traceability
Measurements of restricted substance properties shall be traceable and measuring
equipment shall:
a) Be calibrated and/or verified against measurement standards traceable to
international or national standards at specified intervals or before use. When such
standards do not exist, documented information as the basis for calibration or
verification shall be retained;
b) Be identified to determine its status;
c) Be protected to prevent the invalidation of the calibration status and subsequent
measurement results due to adjustment, damage or attenuation.
When measuring equipment is found to be unfit for its intended use, the organization
shall determine whether the validity of previous measurement results has been
adversely affected and take appropriate action if necessary.
7.1.6 Organizational knowledge
The organization shall determine the necessary knowledge to operate processes and
obtain products and services that meet the requirements for restricted substance
properties.
This knowledge shall be maintained and available to the extent required.
In response to changing needs and trends, the organization shall review existing
knowledge and determine how to acquire or access more necessary knowledge and
knowledge updates.
Note: The organization's knowledge of the restricted substance management system includes,
but is not limited to:
a) Applicable laws, regulations and customer requirements for the restricted
substance characteristics of the products and services provided by the
organization;
b) Restricted substance risks and their control in the materials that make up the
products and services;
c) Process risks and their control;
d) Measurement methods and their constraints;
e) Understanding of restricted substance measurement results and their meaning.
7.2 Competence
The organization shall:
a) Determine the required competence of personnel working under its control who
perform work that affects the performance and effectiveness of the restricted
substance management system;
b) Ensure that these personnel are competent based on appropriate education,
training or experience;
c) Take actions to obtain the required competence when applicable and evaluate the
effectiveness of the actions;
d) Keep appropriate documented information as evidence of personnel competence.
Note: Required capabilities include, but are not limited to:
a) Identify, understand, apply applicable laws, regulations, customer requirements;
b) Design and development of products that meet restricted substance characteristics
requirements;
c) Select, evaluate, use, manage external suppliers;
d) Identify new materials;
e) Perform risk analysis on processes, products, services or materials provided internally
or externally and the restricted substance management capabilities of external
suppliers;
f) Restricted substance measurement;
g) Communication of...