GB/T 3001-2007 English PDF (GBT3001-2007)

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GB/T 3001-2007: Refractory products -- Determination of modulus of rupture at ambient temperature
GB/T 3001-2007
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 81.080
Q 40
Replacing GB/T 3001-2000
Refractory products – Determination of modulus of
rupture at ambient temperature
(ISO 5014.1997, Dense and insulating shaped refractory products –
determination of modulus of rupture at ambient temperature, MOD)
ISSUED ON. DECEMBER 14, 2007
IMPLEMENTED ON. JUNE 1, 2008
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of the People's Republic of China;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 5 
2 Normative references ... 5 
3 Definition ... 5 
4 Principle... 6 
5 Apparatus ... 6 
6 Test pieces ... 7 
7 Procedure ... 9 
8 Expression of results ... 10 
9 Test report ... 10 
Annex A (Informative) Comparison of the paragraph numbers between this
Standard and ISO 5014.1997 ... 12 
Annex B (Informative) Technical differences between this Standard and ISO
5014.1997 and their reasons ... 13 
Foreword
This Standard was drafted by modifying and adopting ISO 5014.1997, Dense and
insulating shaped refractory products – Determination of modulus of rupture and
ambient temperature (English version). Annex A gives the list comparing the paragraph
numbers between this Standard and ISO 5014.1997. Table B.1 gives the list of the
technical differences between this Standard and ISO 5014.1997 and their reasons.
The technical differences are marked with vertical single line in the page margin of the
provisions concerned in this Standard. The main modifications are as follows.
-- it modifies the name of the standard;
-- it adds the test pieces of fired refractory materials and extends the application
scope of the standard;
-- it adds reference standards;
-- it adds Vernier caliper in Apparatus;
-- it adds the provision on the dimensions and deviations of fired refractory materials;
-- it adds the provision on preparation of test pieces of fired refractory materials;
-- it adds the supplementary instructions to dying of test pieces;
-- it changes the dimensions of standard bricks into the dimensions of Chinese
standard bricks;
-- it adds the provision on the dimensions of special test pieces;
-- it adds the provision on the decimal place rounded off to of test results; and
-- it adds in the test report the conditions of drying or pretreatment of fired refractory
materials and the content of expression of results.
This Standard replaced GB/T 3001-2000, Shaped refractory products – Determination
of modulus of rupture at ambient temperature; and compared with GB/T 3001-2000,
the main technical changes are as follows.
a) this Standard incorporates some content of the method for the determination of
modulus of rupture of other refractory materials at normal temperature; and
b) it adds the provision on the dimensions of special test pieces.
Annex A and Annex B of this Standard are informative.
Refractory products – Determination of modulus of
rupture at ambient temperature
1 Scope
This Standard specifies a method for the determination of the modulus of rupture of
refractory products at ambient temperature, under conditions of a constant rate of
increase of stress.
The method relates primarily to shaped and fired refractories. If it is to be applied to
chemically bonded or tar-bonded bricks, they will usually require some form of
preliminary heat treatment. This preliminary treatment, the details of which are outside
the scope of this Standard, is a matter of agreement between the interested parties
and is described in the test report.
2 Normative references
The provisions in the following documents become part of this Standard through
reference in this Standard. For dated documents, the subsequent amendments
(excluding corrigenda) or revisions do not apply to this Standard. However, all parties
who enter into agreement based on this Standard are encouraged to study whether
the latest versions of these documents are applicable. For undated documents, the
latest versions apply to this Part.
GB/T 8170, Rules of rounding off for numerical values and expression and
judgement of limiting values
GB/T 10325, Shaped refractory products – Rule of acceptance, sampling and
inspection
3 Definition
For the purpose of this Standard, the following definition apply.
3.1
modulus of rupture
the maximum stress that a prismatic test piece of specified dimensions can withstand
when it is bent in a three-point bending device
4 Principle
Loading of test pieces of the product to be tested at a constant rate of increase of
stress until failure occurs.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Loading device
5.1.1 The loading device shall have three bearing edges, two to support the test piece
and one for the application of the load (see Figure 1). The three edges shall have a
radius of curvature in accordance with the requirements given in Table 1 and shall be
of length not less than 5 mm greater than the breadth (b) of the test piece (see Figure
2). The contact lines of the three edges shall be parallel to each other in a direction
perpendicular to the length and the plane of the breadth of the test piece. Two
supporting edges shall rest on an intermediate bearing piece, cylindrical on its lower
surface, so that each edge may rotate independently in a vertical plane to
accommodate any slight twist in the test piece (see Figure 2). Alternatively, one
supporting edge may be fixed, with the other supporting edge and the load-bearing
edge being capable of rotation in a vertical plane. The distance between the two
supporting edges shall be in accordance with Table 1 and the load-bearing edge shall
be positioned equidistantly, at Ls/2 ± 2 mm from each supporting edge.
5.1.2 The loading device shall be capable of applying a load uniformly across the
centre of the test piece. A means shall be provided of recording or indicating the load
at failure with an accuracy of ± 2%. The load at failure measured shall not be less than
10% of or more than 90% of the measuring range.
5.2 Drying oven, capable of being controlled at (110 ± 5) °C.
5.3 Vernier caliper, division value not greater than 0.05 mm.
6.3 Preparation of test pieces
6.3.1 Standard size bricks (see 6.2) shall be tested as received.
6.3.2 If test pieces are cut out of bricks, the original brick face of the pressing direction
during forming shall be reserved as the pressing face.
NOTE – Cutting with a continuous rim diamond wheel is recommended. If a serrated rim wheel
is used, the edges of the cut where the wheel emerges are often frayed; it is therefore
recommended that such a wheel should enter the face of the brick that is to form the tensile
face of the test piece during the test.
6.3.3 The face of pressing shall be marked on the test piece.
6.3.4 The preparation of test pieces of fired refractory materials shall be carried out
as specified with the moulded side face of test pieces as the pressing face.
7 Procedure
7.1 Dry the test piece to constant mass in the oven (5.2), controlled at (110 ± 5)°C;
cool it to room temperature in a desiccator. The test pieces of fired refractory materials
shall be placed in a desiccator after drying or heat treatment as required by the
interested parties; the time from cooling to the test shall not exceed 3 days.
NOTE – The test pieces, for which drying at 110°C ± 5°C is inappropriate, shall be drie...