GB/T 29772-2024 English PDF (GB/T29772-2024)

GB/T 29772-2024: General requirements of electric vehicle battery swap station
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GB/T 29772-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.040.99
CCS T 35
Replacing GB/T 29772-2013
General Requirements of Electric Vehicle Battery Swap Station
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 31, 2024
IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 1, 2025
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 6
2 Normative References ... 6
3 Terms and Definitions ... 7
4 General Requirements ... 8
5 Classification ... 9
6 Site Selection ... 10
7 Power Supply and Distribution System ... 11
8 Charging and Battery Swap System ... 12
8.1 SBS charger/bi-direction charger ... 12
8.2 SBS ... 12
8.3 SBS connector ... 13
8.4 SBS rack ... 13
8.5 SBS swap equipment ... 13
8.6 SBS transfer equipment... 14
8.7 Vehicle guidance system ... 14
8.8 SBS detection and maintenance equipment ... 14
9 Monitoring System ... 15
10 Driving Lane and Parking Space ... 16
11 Civil Engineering ... 16
12 Safety and Firefighting ... 17
13 Markings and Signs ... 18
Bibliography ... 19
General Requirements of Electric Vehicle Battery Swap Station
1 Scope
This Document specifies the overall requirements, classification, site selection, power supply
and distribution system, charging and battery swap system, monitoring system, lanes and
parking spaces, civil engineering, safety and fire protection, and markings and signs of electric
vehicle battery swap stations.
This Document applies to the design, construction and use of electric vehicle battery swap
stations.
2 Normative References
The provisions in following documents become the essential provisions of this Document
through reference in this Document. For the dated documents, only the versions with the dates
indicated are applicable to this Document; for the undated documents, only the latest version
(including all the amendments) is applicable to this Document.
GB 2893 Safety colors
GB 2894 Safety signs and guideline for the use
GB/T 14549 Quality of Electric Energy Supply - Harmonics in Public Supply Network
GB/T 17467 High-voltage/low-voltage prefabricated substation
GB/T 18487 (all parts) Electric vehicle conductive charging system
GB/T 19596 Terminology of electric vehicles
GB/T 29317-2021 Terminology of electric vehicle charging/battery swap infrastructure
GB/T 32879 General technical requirements for battery box connectors for replacement of
electric vehicles
GB/T 32895 General technical requirements for battery box connectors for replacement of
electric vehicles
GB/T 33341 General requirements for swapping battery pack rack of electric vehicle
GB 38031 Electric vehicles traction battery safety requirements
NOTE: It is also known as a battery replacement station.
[SOURCE: GB/T 29317-2021, 3.1.2.1]
3.2 Safe handling area
An area that can effectively handle thermal runaway batteries to prevent risks to personnel and
equipment.
3.3 Bi-direction charger
A special device that is connected between the power battery box and the power grid (or load),
and is fixedly connected to the power grid (or load) to achieve two-way energy conversion and
transmission.
3.4 SBS charger
Special charging equipment for charging power battery boxes in battery swap stations.
[SOURCE: GB/T 29317-2021, 8.1.6]
3.5 Station-grid interaction
The process through communication, control and energy management technologies, the battery
swap station participates in auxiliary services such as modulating peak and filling valley,
demand response, and frequency regulation according to the needs of the power grid; thereby
realizing of two-way information interaction and energy exchange with the power grid.
3.6 Prefabricated battery swap system
The battery swap equipment that adopts modular prefabrication and can be quickly assembled
on site.
NOTE: The prefabricated battery swap system generally consists of SBS swap equipment, SBS storage
equipment, SBS transfer equipment, charging equipment, monitoring room, power distribution facilities,
etc. and their supporting bearing or protection structures.
3.7 Prefabricated battery swap station
A battery swap station with a prefabricated battery swap system as its main body.
4 General Requirements
4.1 The design of battery swap stations shall be combined with the development level of battery
swap technology, application scenarios, planning, environmental conditions, land, fire
protection and building conditions; and meet the requirements of safety, reliability, economy,
environmental protection, and easy installation and maintenance.
4.2 The overall planning of the battery swap station area shall be planned in a coordinated
manner according to the construction scale and functional layout. The service capacity and
construction scale of the battery swap station shall leave a margin based on the service demand
forecast.
4.3 The battery swap station shall include: SBS swap equipment, SBS storage equipment,
vehicle guidance system, monitoring system, driving lane, safety protection facilities; it may
include: SBS transfer equipment, SBS charger/bi-direction charger, SBS detection and
maintenance equipment, power supply and distribution system, parking space, safety handling
area and other auxiliary facilities.
4.4 The battery swap station can have the function of charging electric vehicles.
4.5 The general layout of the battery swap station should follow the principles of reasonable
process layout, clear functional zoning, convenient transportation and land saving.
4.6 The design of the battery swap station should fully consider the safety of battery
replacement, charging, storage, transportation and other operations; and have monitoring and
emergency response capabilities.
4.7 The layout of the battery swap station shall facilitate the entry and exit of electric vehicles
and the operation of SBS swap equipment.
4.8 The battery swap station shall take effective measures to ensure the safety of operators,
drivers, equipment in the station, vehicles and SBS.
4.9 The battery swap station should have the capability of station-grid interaction. When the
load rate of the distribution grid is high and the acceptance capacity is tight; it should have the
functions of participating in the peak modulation of the power grid and demand response.
5 Classification
5.1 Battery swap stations can be divided into the following three types according to the types
of vehicles they serve.
a) General battery swap station: a battery swap station that provides services for electric
commercial vehicles and electric passenger vehicles.
b) Battery swap station for commercial vehicle: a battery swap station that provides services
for electric commercial vehicles.
c) Battery swap station for passenger vehicle: a battery swap station that provides services
for electric passenger vehicles.
5.2 Battery swap stations can be divided into Class-A, Class-B and Class-C according to the
charging and swapping functions.
line and the overhead line conductor shall meet the requirements of 12.0.9 in GB 50061-2010.
6.10 The site selection of the battery swap station shall take into account the impact of noise on
the surrounding environment, and the noise classification and requirements should comply with
the relevant provisions of GB 12348 and GB 3096.
7 Power Supply and Distribution System
7.1 The layout of the power supply and distribution system shall facilitate the incoming and
outgoing power supply lines.
7.2 The design of the power supply and distribution system shall comply with the relevant
provisions of GB 50052, GB 50053 and GB 50054; and the relevant provisions of GB/T 17467
shall be complied with when the prefabricated substation is used for power supply.
7.3 The power supply and distribution system shall select the external power supply voltage
level and power supply mode according to the scale, capacity and importance of the battery
swap station.
7.4 The power supply capacity shall meet the requirements of charging, SBS replacement,
power, monitoring, lighting and other power consumption in the station; and leave a certain
margin.
7.5 The SBS charger and SBS swap equipment should be powered by independent circuits.
7.6 The power supply and distribution equipment should be equipped with a communication
interface for access to the distribution automation system and comply with the relevant
provisions of DL/T 814.
7.7 The harmonic current injected by the battery swap station to the public grid connection
point shall not exceed the allowable value specified in GB/T 14549.
7.8 The configuration of the power metering device of the power supply and distribution system
shall comply with the relevant provisions of DL/T 448.
7.9 The reactive power compensation of the power supply and distribution system shall comply
with the relevant provisions of GB/T 51077.
7.10 The battery swap station should be equipped with an uninterruptible power supply to meet
the power consumption of important loads such as monitoring and fire protection, as well as
the needs of resetting the SBS swap equipment. The backup time of the uninterruptible power
supply shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T 51077.
8 Charging and Battery Swap System
8.1 SBS charger/bi-direction charger
8.1.1 The output technical parameters of the SBS charger shall meet the charging requirements
of all the charged SBS.
8.1.2 The SBS charger shall have status indication functions such as standby, charging, full,
and fault; and should have operating parameter display such as output voltage and output
current.
8.1.3 The SBS charger shall have an emergency stop function and should have a manual start
and stop function.
8.1.4 The SBS charger shall have the necessary protection functions to ensure the safety of SBS
charging.
8.1.5 The SBS charger shall have the function of communicating with the monitoring system
and the battery management system.
8.1.6 The SBS charger shall be reasonably arranged in the station to facilitate ventilation and
heat dissipation.
8.1.7 The functions and technical indicators of the SBS charger shall comply with the relevant
provisions of NB/T 33001; and the charger that can be connected to an external charging gun
shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T 18487 (all parts).
8.1.8 The functions and technical indicators of the bi-direction charger shall comply with the
relevant provisions of NB/T 33021; and shall meet the requirements of 8.1.1~8.1.6.
8.2 SBS
8.2.1 The SBS shall have an interface that can be accurately connected to the charging rack and
electric vehicle; and can ensure safe and reliable connection and convenient replacement.
8.2.2 The SBS shall have the function of communicating with the SBS charger and the electric
vehicle control unit.
8.2.3 The SBS shall have a thermal runaway alarm function and should have a thermal
management function.
8.2.4 The communication protocol between the SBS and the charging system of the battery
swap station shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T 32895.
8.2.5 The safety requirements of the SBS shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB
38031.
8.5.2 The SBS swap equipment shall have functions such as maximum load limit and anti-
dumping.
8.5.3 Automatic or semi-automatic SBS swap equipment shall have manual operation and
emergency stop functions.
8.5.4 During the loading, handling and unloading of the SBS, the SBS swap equipment shall
ensure the safety of the operator, vehicle and equipment.
8.5.5 The connection between the SBS swap equipment and the SBS shall be reliable to avoid
shaking and collision.
8.5.6 The SBS swap equipment shall have the function of maintaining the power-off state; and
it cannot be automatically started without confirmation when the power is turned on again.
8.6 SBS transfer equipment
8.6.1 SBS transfer equipment shall have the ability to transfer and transport SBS safely and
quickly.
8.6.2 SBS transfer equipment shall take effective measures to reliably fix the SBS.
8.6.3 During the process of transferring SBS, the SBS transfer equipment shall have the
function of automatically detecting and stopping abnormal conditions; and shall be equipped
with a manually controlled emergency stop device in a conspicuous position.
8.7 Vehicle guidance system
8.7.1 The vehicle guidance system shall have the function of vehicle guidance and auxiliary
positioning.
8.7.2 The vehicle guidance system can be composed of mechanical components, sensor
equipment, electronic display equipment and control system.
8.8 SBS detection and maintenance equipment
8.8.1 SBS detection and maintenance equipment shall have the function of detecting the overall
voltage of the SBS and the voltage of each single cell, the temperature of the battery cell inside
the SBS, and the capacity of the SBS.
8.8.2 SBS detection and maintenance equipment shall have the function of inspecting the
insulation performance of the SBS; and shall be able to inspect the insulation performance of
each single battery or battery module.
8.8.3 SBS detection and maintenance equipment shall have the function of battery balancing.
8.8.4 SBS detection and maintenance equipment shall be able to inspect the air tightness of
each single SBS.
8.8.5 SBS detection and maintenance equipment should have the function of inspecting the
internal resistance of the SBS; and shall be able to inspect the internal resistance of each single
battery.
9 Monitoring System
9.1 The monitoring system shall include a charging monitoring system, a SBS swap monitoring
system; and should include a power supply and distribution monitoring system, a security
monitoring system, and an environmental monitoring system:
a) The charging monitoring system shall have the functions of monitoring and controlling
the operating status and charging process of the charging equipment, as well as
emergency handling, data storage, display, and statistics in ...