GB/T 27842-2011 English PDF (GB/T27842-2011)

GB/T 27842-2011: Chemicals - Test method for dynamic surface tension - Fast-bubble technique
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GB/T 27842-2011
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 13. 300; 11. 100
A 80
Chemicals - Test method for dynamic
surface tension - Fast-bubble technique
ISSUED ON. DECEMBER 30, 2011
IMPLEMENTED ON. AUGUST 1, 2012
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
3. No action is required - Full-copy of this standard will be automatically and
immediately delivered to your EMAIL address in 0~60 minutes.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms, definitions and symbols ... 4
4 Principle of test method ... 6
5 Significance and use ... 6
6 Apparatus ... 6
7 Reagents and materials ... 8
8 Calibration and standardization... 8
9 Test procedure ... 10
10 Calculations ... 11
11 Report ... 11
Annex A (normative) Warning statements ... 13
Bibliography ... 16
Foreword
This Standard is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This Standard is the same as ASTM D3825-90.2005 “Standard test method for
dynamic surface tension by the fast-bubble technique) (English version) in terms of
technical content.
The following editorial modifications have been made in this Standard.
- REPLACE “this test method” WITH “this Standard”;
- DELETE the foreword, keywords and other informative parts of the original ASTM;
- CONVERT all units and their values INTO China’s legal units of measurement;
- ADD heading to the original figures and tables missing heading, and ADJUST the
number of the figures, tables and equations in the whole text.
This Standard is proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of National Technical
Committee on Hazardous Chemicals of Standardization Administration of China
(SAC/TC 251).
Drafting organizations of this Standard. China Academy of Inspection and Quarantine,
China National Chemical Economic and Technical Development Center, Jiangsu Coal
Chemical Engineering Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Sinochem Chemical
Standardization Institute.
Main drafters of this Standard. Li Xi, Chen Huiming, Wang Xiaobing, Yang Ting, Guo
Xinyu.
Chemicals - Test method for dynamic
surface tension - Fast-bubble technique
IMPORTANT NOTE. 1.5 This Standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns (if any) associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
user of this Standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
For specific warning statements, see 7.3, 7.4, and 7.5.
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the principle, significance and use, apparatus, reagents and
materials, calibration and standardization, test procedure, calculations and report of
the determination of dynamic surface tension using chemicals by fast-bubble
technique.
This Standard is applicable to the determination of the specific free energy of a liquid-
gas surface a short time after formation of the surface.
This Standard is applicable to liquids with vapor pressures up to 30.0 kPa and
kinematic viscosities up to 4.0 mm/s at the test temperature.
NOTE. Higher viscosities have not yet been investigated.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ASTM D1193 Specification for reagent water
ASTM D1331 Test methods for surface and interfacial tension of solutions of
surface-active agents
ASTM E1 Specification for ASTM liquid-in-glass thermometers
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
7 Reagents and materials
7.1 Purity of reagents. Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Other grades
may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity
to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination.
7.2 Purity of water. Unless otherwise indicated, references to water shall be
understood to mean reagent water conforming to ASTM D1193, Type III.
7.3 Calibration liquids. reagent grade, covering a wide range of surface tension.
Acetone, toluene, ethanol, and methanol have been found satisfactory for this purpose.
a) Acetone. (Warning. Extremely flammable. Vapors may cause flash fire. See
A.1 of Annex A).
b) Toluene. (Warning. Flammable. Vapor harmful. See A.6 of Annex A).
c) Methanol. (Warning. Flammable. Vapor harmful. See A.5 of Annex A).
d) Ethanol. (Warning. Flammable. Denatured. See A.4 of Annex A).
7.4 Cleaning solution. chromic-sulfuric acid (Warning. Causes severe burns. A
recognized carcinogen strong oxidizer, contact with organic material can cause
fire. Hygroscopic. See A.2 of Annex A).
7.5 Nitrogen. of purity that is suitable to avoid reaction with test liquid and less than
100 mg/L CO2 with amines (Warning. Compressed gas under high pressure. See
A.3 of Annex A).
8 Calibration and standardization
8.1 Clean the bubbler with cleaning solution, and rinse with water (Warning. Causes
severe burns. A recognized carcinogen. Strong oxidizer, contact with organic
material may cause fire. Hygroscopic. A.2 of Annex A). Condition by soaking in
water for 48 h followed by a final rinse with water.
8.2 Set up the apparatus as shown in Figure 2, and bring the thermostat to the desired
temperature.
NOTE. If a test temperature is not specified, 25 °C ± 0.1 °C is recommended.
Annex A
(normative)
Warning statements
A.1 Acetone
Extremely flammable. Vapors may cause flash fire.
Keep away from heat, sparks, and open flame.
Keep container dosed.
Use with adequate ventilation.
Vapors may spread long distances and ignite explosively.
Avoid build-up of vapors and eliminate all sources of ignition, especially non-explosion
proof electrical apparatus and heaters.
Avoid prolonged breathing of vapor or spray mist.
Avoid contact with eyes and skin.
In case of spillage absorb and flush with large volumes of water.
In case of fire use water, dry chemical, CO2, or foam.
A.2 Chromic Acid (Cleaning Solution)
Causes severe bums. A recognized carcinogen.
Strong oxidizer - contact with other material can cause fire. Hygroscopic.
Do not get in eyes, on skin, on clothing.
Avoid breathing vapor or mist.
Keep container closed.
Use with adequate ventilation.
Do not take internally.
Wash thoroughly after handling.
In case of spillage soak up with excess sodium carbonate and
GB/T 27842-2011
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 13. 300; 11. 100
A 80
Chemicals - Test method for dynamic
surface tension - Fast-bubble technique
ISSUED ON. DECEMBER 30, 2011
IMPLEMENTED ON. AUGUST 1, 2012
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
3. No action is required - Full-copy of this standard will be automatically and
immediately delivered to your EMAIL address in 0~60 minutes.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms, definitions and symbols ... 4
4 Principle of test method ... 6
5 Significance and use ... 6
6 Apparatus ... 6
7 Reagents and materials ... 8
8 Calibration and standardization... 8
9 Test procedure ... 10
10 Calculations ... 11
11 Report ... 11
Annex A (normative) Warning statements ... 13
Bibliography ... 16
Foreword
This Standard is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This Standard is the same as ASTM D3825-90.2005 “Standard test method for
dynamic surface tension by the fast-bubble technique) (English version) in terms of
technical content.
The following editorial modifications have been made in this Standard.
- REPLACE “this test method” WITH “this Standard”;
- DELETE the foreword, keywords and other informative parts of the original ASTM;
- CONVERT all units and their values INTO China’s legal units of measurement;
- ADD heading to the original figures and tables missing heading, and ADJUST the
number of the figures, tables and equations in the whole text.
This Standard is proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of National Technical
Committee on Hazardous Chemicals of Standardization Administration of China
(SAC/TC 251).
Drafting organizations of this Standard. China Academy of Inspection and Quarantine,
China National Chemical Economic and Technical Development Center, Jiangsu Coal
Chemical Engineering Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Sinochem Chemical
Standardization Institute.
Main drafters of this Standard. Li Xi, Chen Huiming, Wang Xiaobing, Yang Ting, Guo
Xinyu.
Chemicals - Test method for dynamic
surface tension - Fast-bubble technique
IMPORTANT NOTE. 1.5 This Standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns (if any) associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
user of this Standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
For specific warning statements, see 7.3, 7.4, and 7.5.
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the principle, significance and use, apparatus, reagents and
materials, calibration and standardization, test procedure, calculations and report of
the determination of dynamic surface tension using chemicals by fast-bubble
technique.
This Standard is applicable to the determination of the specific free energy of a liquid-
gas surface a short time after formation of the surface.
This Standard is applicable to liquids with vapor pressures up to 30.0 kPa and
kinematic viscosities up to 4.0 mm/s at the test temperature.
NOTE. Higher viscosities have not yet been investigated.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ASTM D1193 Specification for reagent water
ASTM D1331 Test methods for surface and interfacial tension of solutions of
surface-active agents
ASTM E1 Specification for ASTM liquid-in-glass thermometers
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
7 Reagents and materials
7.1 Purity of reagents. Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Other grades
may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity
to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination.
7.2 Purity of water. Unless otherwise indicated, references to water shall be
understood to mean reagent water conforming to ASTM D1193, Type III.
7.3 Calibration liquids. reagent grade, covering a wide range of surface tension.
Acetone, toluene, ethanol, and methanol have been found satisfactory for this purpose.
a) Acetone. (Warning. Extremely flammable. Vapors may cause flash fire. See
A.1 of Annex A).
b) Toluene. (Warning. Flammable. Vapor harmful. See A.6 of Annex A).
c) Methanol. (Warning. Flammable. Vapor harmful. See A.5 of Annex A).
d) Ethanol. (Warning. Flammable. Denatured. See A.4 of Annex A).
7.4 Cleaning solution. chromic-sulfuric acid (Warning. Causes severe burns. A
recognized carcinogen strong oxidizer, contact with organic material can cause
fire. Hygroscopic. See A.2 of Annex A).
7.5 Nitrogen. of purity that is suitable to avoid reaction with test liquid and less than
100 mg/L CO2 with amines (Warning. Compressed gas under high pressure. See
A.3 of Annex A).
8 Calibration and standardization
8.1 Clean the bubbler with cleaning solution, and rinse with water (Warning. Causes
severe burns. A recognized carcinogen. Strong oxidizer, contact with organic
material may cause fire. Hygroscopic. A.2 of Annex A). Condition by soaking in
water for 48 h followed by a final rinse with water.
8.2 Set up the apparatus as shown in Figure 2, and bring the thermostat to the desired
temperature.
NOTE. If a test temperature is not specified, 25 °C ± 0.1 °C is recommended.
Annex A
(normative)
Warning statements
A.1 Acetone
Extremely flammable. Vapors may cause flash fire.
Keep away from heat, sparks, and open flame.
Keep container dosed.
Use with adequate ventilation.
Vapors may spread long distances and ignite explosively.
Avoid build-up of vapors and eliminate all sources of ignition, especially non-explosion
proof electrical apparatus and heaters.
Avoid prolonged breathing of vapor or spray mist.
Avoid contact with eyes and skin.
In case of spillage absorb and flush with large volumes of water.
In case of fire use water, dry chemical, CO2, or foam.
A.2 Chromic Acid (Cleaning Solution)
Causes severe bums. A recognized carcinogen.
Strong oxidizer - contact with other material can cause fire. Hygroscopic.
Do not get in eyes, on skin, on clothing.
Avoid breathing vapor or mist.
Keep container closed.
Use with adequate ventilation.
Do not take internally.
Wash thoroughly after handling.
In case of spillage soak up with excess sodium carbonate and