GB/T 26277-2021 English PDF (GBT26277-2021)

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GB/T 26277-2021: Test method for measuring electrical resistance of tyres
GB/T 26277-2021
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 83.160.01
CCS G 41
Replacing GB/T 26277-2010
Test Method for Measuring Electrical Resistance of
Tyres
(ISO 16392:2017, Tyres – Electrical Resistance – Test Method for
Measuring Electrical Resistance of Tyres on a Test Rig, MOD)
ISSUED ON: NOVEMBER 11, 2021
IMPLEMENTED ON: MAY 01, 2022
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative References ... 5
3 Terms and Definitions ... 5
4 Measuring Device ... 6
5 Measurement Conditions and Measurement Preparation ... 7
6 Measurement Procedures ... 8
7 Test Report ... 9
Appendix A (Informative) Clause Number Comparison between this Document
and ISO 16392:2017 ... 11
Appendix B (Informative) Technical Differences and Causes between this
Document and ISO 16392:2017 ... 14
Appendix C (Normative) Tyre Resistance Limits ... 16
Test Method for Measuring Electrical Resistance of
Tyres
1 Scope
This Document specifies a method for measuring the electrical resistance of pneumatic
and solid tyres under load on a special measuring device. Static electricity on a vehicle
usually needs to be discharged through the tyres, and the resistance of the tyres in
turn measures the ability of the tyres to discharge the static charge of the vehicle.
This Document specifies the measuring apparatus, measuring conditions, and
measuring methods so that the tyre resistance of no more than 1012 Ω can be
accurately determined.
This Document applies to the measurement of electrical resistance of pneumatic and
solid tyres.
2 Normative References
The provisions in following documents become the provisions of this Document
through reference in this Document. For the dated documents, only the versions with
the dates indicated are applicable to this Document; for the undated documents, only
the latest version (including all the amendments) is applicable to this Document.
GB/T 6326 Tyre Terms and Definitions (GB/T 6326-2014, ISO 4223-1:2002, NEQ)
HG/T 2177 Appearance Quality of Tyres
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this Document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 6326 and
the following apply.
3.1 Connecting point
Any point on the rim or metal carrier plate that the leads of the resistance meter are
connected to.
3.2 Test load
The force that is applied to the tyre by the rim, which is perpendicular to the metal
4.2 Resistance measuring meter
The resistance measuring meter shall bear at least 1000V power supply voltage; the
range shall be at least 1012 Ω; the input impedance shall be at least 1014 Ω; and the
accuracy shall be ±5% of the range. The power loss on the tyre to be tested shall be
no greater than 3W. When the resistance of the tyre to be tested is lower than 1010 Ω,
the test current shall be no lower than 10-7 A, and the measurement voltage shall be
no higher than 1000V.
4.3 Metal carrier plate
The metal carrier plate shall be flat and shall be of sufficient size to fully contain the full
contact surface of the tyre to be tested under the test load, and of sufficient thickness
to withstand the test load specified in 5.8 without producing a visible deformation. The
metal carrier plate shall be made of conductive and corrosion-resistant metal materials
(such as brass or stainless steel), and shall not use materials that are easily oxidized
on the surface (such as aluminium, etc.); and the surface has no coating and no
obvious oxidation or corrosion contamination. So as not to affect the accuracy of the
test results.
4.4 Insulation plate
The insulating plate shall be made of polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or
an equivalent insulating material and shall have sufficient strength to support the test
loads specified in 5.8 without visible deformation. Each edge of the insulating plate
should preferably be at least 50mm wide relative to the metal carrier plate. The
insulating plate shall be placed between the metal carrier plate and the bearing base.
The resistance between the metal carrier plate and the bearing base should not be
lower than 1014 Ω; and in any case, it shall be at least 2 magnitudes greater than the
resistance range of the tyre to be tested.
5 Measurement Conditions and Measurement
Preparation
5.1 The test tyre shall be parked for more than 24h after vulcanization, and its
appearance quality shall meet the requirements of HG/T 2177.
5.2 The test rim should be a steel measuring rim.
5.3 The test environment temperature shall be 25 +5 -10°C, and the relative humidity shall
be no more than 60%.
5.4 For pneumatic tyres, the test air pressure shall be (80±5) % of the inflation pressure
corresponding to the maximum rated load indicated on the tyre sidewall.
to the metal carrier plate and the rim; and measure point by point.
6.3 Apply the test load specified in 5.8 to the tyre and rim assembly at the first
measurement point; and unload after 1min. The loading and unloading process
described above shall be then repeated once.
6.4 Apply the test load to the tyre to be tested for the third time. After the load stabilizes
to the test load, immediately apply the measurement voltage specified in Table 1. If the
resistance range of the tyre to be tested is unknown in advance, first apply a voltage
of 1V and measure the resistance value. If the measured resistance value at this time
is greater than 104 Ω, measure the tyre resistance by increasing the voltage according
to Table 1. Record the measured tyre resistance value after applying the measuring
voltage for 3min±10s. During the measurement, the measurement voltage and the test
load shall be continuously applied until the final tyre resistance value is recorded. If the
applied voltage and the measured tyre resistance are not within the corresponding
range, then take the higher resistance value measured among them as the resistance
value of the measurement point; and record the corresponding voltage. Unload the
tyre after the measurement is completed.
6.5 Repeat the operations of 6.3 and 6.4; and measure the resistance of the remaining
measurement points in turn.
6.6 Record the resistance values measured at all measuring points, the maximum
value of which is taken as the tyre resistance value. Appendix C presents reference
specifications for tyre resistance limits.
NOTE: Appendix D specifies the direct measurement method of tyre resistance on vehicles.
Appendix E specifies a simplified measurement method for tyre resistance suitable for
production quality monitoring.
7 Test Report
The test report shall include the following:
a) the name, trademark, specification and production number of the tyre manufacturer;
b) load index or grade, load capacity, speed symbol of the tyre;
c) rim specification, rim material;
d) test ambient temperature (°C) and relative humidity (%);
e) test method standard number, test date;
f) test air pressure, and test load;