GB/T 24346-2009 English PDF (GB/T24346-2009)

GB/T 24346-2009: Textiles -- Evaluation for anti-mould activity
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GB/T 24346-2009
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 59.080.30
W 04
Textiles - Evaluation for anti-mould activity
ISSUED ON: SEPTEMBER 30, 2009
IMPLEMENTED ON: FEBRUARY 01, 2010
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions ... 4
4 Test principle ... 5
5 Equipment and materials ... 5
6 Medium and reagents ... 6
7 Preparation of mould species and mixed mould spore solution ... 7
8 Test preparation ... 8
9 Procedure ... 9
10 Result evaluation ... 10
11 Test report ... 11
Textiles - Evaluation for anti-mould activity
Warning: Mould growth tests are hazardous to human health. Test operators must
undergo microbiology training and comply with general laboratory biosafety
requirements.
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the test and evaluation methods for determining the anti-mould
activity of textiles using the Petri dish method and the suspension method. This
Standard does not involve the safety evaluation of anti-mould products.
This Standard applies to all kinds of fabrics and their products. It applies to fibers, yarns,
etc. accordingly.
2 Normative references
The terms in the following documents become the terms of this Standard by reference
to this Standard. For dated references, all subsequent amendments (not including errata
content) or revisions do not apply to this standard. However, parties to agreements that
are based on this Standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these
documents can be used. For undated references, the latest edition applies to this
Standard.
GB/T 12490-2007, Textiles - Tests for colour fastness - Colour fastness to
domestic and commercial laundering
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions are applicable to this Standard.
3.1
moulds
Fungus with a well-developed mycelium that does not produce fleshy fruiting body
structures. The fungal body of mould is composed of hyphae, which can extend and
branch indefinitely. The branched hyphae are intertwined with each other to form a
mycelium, which can cause mildew when growing on textiles.
Note: Enzymes or other substances secreted by moulds can damage textiles, change
their physical and chemical properties and reduce their service life. Moulds and
the spores and toxins they produce can also be harmful to human health.
3.2
anti-mould activity
The ability of product to inhibit the germination of mould spores and the growth of
mycelium.
3.3
control cabric
The textiles used to verify the growth conditions of test moulds, which are made of the
same material as the test samples but without anti-mould finishing. If necessary, 100%
cotton fabric without any treatment can also be used as a control cabric after high
temperature cooking and distilled water washing.
Note: It has been proven that cotton standard adjacent fabrics used in color fastness
tests, after high temperature cooking and distilled water washing, or qualitative
filter paper can also be used as a control cabric.
4 Test principle
Inoculate the test sample and the control cabric with mould spores respectively; culture
them for a certain period of time under environmental conditions suitable for mould
growth; observe the growth of mould on the surface of the test sample. Evaluate the
anti-mould activity of textiles based on the degree of mould growth on the surface of
the sample, use the control cabric to test the activity of mould spores.
5 Equipment and materials
5.1 Constant temperature and humidity incubator: The temperature can be maintained
at 28 ℃ ± 2 ℃, and the relative humidity can be maintained at 90% ± 5%.
5.2 Class-II biological safety cabinet.
5.3 Balance: The sensitivity is 0.001 g.
5.4 Refrigerator: The temperature can be maintained at 2 ℃ ~ 8 ℃.
5.5 Autoclave: The temperature can be maintained at 121 ℃ ± 1 ℃, and the pressure
can be maintained at 103 kPa.
5.6 Sprayer: The particle size is less than 50 μm.
5.7 Petri dish: The bottom diameter of the dish is 9 cm.
5.8 Sterilized glassware such as triangular flasks, test tubes, glass rods, and glass beads.
7.2.2 Preparation of mould spore solution
7.2.2.1 Take 10 mL of sterile water (6.5) and pour it into the cultured slant strain (7.2.1);
use a sterile inoculation loop to gently scrape the surface of the strain to wash out the
spores; pour the washed spore solution into a triangular flask containing glass beads.
7.2.2.2 Shake the triangular flask to mix the spore solution thoroughly and disperse the
clumped spores. Filter the spore solution through rapid qualitative filter paper to remove
mycelial fragments, agar blocks and spore clusters.
7.2.2.3 Centrifuge the filtered spore solution at 4 000 r/min and remove the supernatant.
Use 50 mL of sterile water to wash the precipitate; centrifuge again. Wash the spores
three times using this method. Use inorganic salt nutrient solution to dilute the spore
solution; determine the spore content using a hemocytometer. The prepared spore
solution shall contain 1×106 spores/mL ~ 5×106 spores/mL. Finally, mix the spore
solutions of various moulds in equal volumes. The spore suspension obtained in this
way is the spore solution for the test. Other appropriate counting methods such as viable
count method may also be used to determine the spore content.
Note: For each test, freshly prepared spore solution, or spore solution stored in a
refrigerator at 2 ℃ ~ 8 ℃ for no more than 4 days after preparation, can be used.
8 Test preparation
8.1 Test sample
Select representative test pieces from each sample and cut the samples into circular or
square test pieces with a diameter or side length of 3.8 cm ± 0.5 cm, for a total of six
pieces. Select an appropriate sterilization method for sterilization, such as high-pressure
steam (121 ℃, 103 kPa) sterilization for 15 minutes.
8.2 Control cabric
Prepare the control cabric and sterilize according to the size specified in 8.1.
8.3 Anti-mould activity and washability of test sample
If it is necessary to assess the anti-mould activity and washability of the test sample,
wash the test sample (8.1) according to the test condition A1M in GB/T 12490-2007.
One cycle is equivalent to five washes (the specific operation of one cycle is as follows:
add 10 steel beads to 150 mL of solution; wash at 40 °C for 45 min; take out the test
sample and wash it twice in 100 mL of water at 40 °C, each time for 1 min). After
reaching the specified number of washes, use water to thoroughly clean the test sample;
dry; then, test for anti-mould activity.
9.2.2.1 Inoculation of test sample and control cabric
Spray 1 mL of spore solution evenly on both sides of the test sample and the control
cabric. When the mist particles are sprayed onto the test sample surface, no obvious
droplets shall be formed. Conduct three parallel tests for each test sample and control
cabric.
9.2.2.2 Blank test
Take 1 mL of sterile water instead of the mould spore solution; inoculate it on the
surface of a test piece as a blank test sample according to 9.2.2.1. Make three parallel
test pieces for each test sample.
Note: If the sample cannot absorb 1 mL of spore solution, just spray the spore solution
evenly on the entire surface of the test sample without dripping.
9.2.3 Sample placement
9.2.3.1 Test sample and control cabric
After the test sample and control cabric are slightly dried, hang the sample and control
cabric in different test chambers (9.2.1) by hanging. Be careful that parallel samples
shall not touch each other when placed.
9.2.3.2 Blank test sample
Place the blank test sample in another test chamber (9.2.1) in a manner consistent with
the requirements of 9.2.3.1.
9.2.4 Cultivation
Place the test chamber containing the test sample, control cabric and negative control
cabric in a constant temperature and humidity incubator and culture them at 28 ℃ ± 2 ℃
and relative humidity of 90% ± 5% for 28 days.
10 Result evaluation
10.1 Observation of test result
After incubation, take out the test sample, control cabric and blank test sample from the
constant temperature and humidity incubator; observe the mould growth on the surface
of the test sample directly from the front or side. First observe with the naked eye, and
if necessary, check with a microscope (magnification of about 50 times).
10.2 Determination of test validity
When the coverage area of mould on the surface of the control cabric is greater than
60% (i.e., the anti-mould effect reaches level 4) and no mould growth is observed on
GB/T 24346-2009
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 59.080.30
W 04
Textiles - Evaluation for anti-mould activity
ISSUED ON: SEPTEMBER 30, 2009
IMPLEMENTED ON: FEBRUARY 01, 2010
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions ... 4
4 Test principle ... 5
5 Equipment and materials ... 5
6 Medium and reagents ... 6
7 Preparation of mould species and mixed mould spore solution ... 7
8 Test preparation ... 8
9 Procedure ... 9
10 Result evaluation ... 10
11 Test report ... 11
Textiles - Evaluation for anti-mould activity
Warning: Mould growth tests are hazardous to human health. Test operators must
undergo microbiology training and comply with general laboratory biosafety
requirements.
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the test and evaluation methods for determining the anti-mould
activity of textiles using the Petri dish method and the suspension method. This
Standard does not involve the safety evaluation of anti-mould products.
This Standard applies to all kinds of fabrics and their products. It applies to fibers, yarns,
etc. accordingly.
2 Normative references
The terms in the following documents become the terms of this Standard by reference
to this Standard. For dated references, all subsequent amendments (not including errata
content) or revisions do not apply to this standard. However, parties to agreements that
are based on this Standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these
documents can be used. For undated references, the latest edition applies to this
Standard.
GB/T 12490-2007, Textiles - Tests for colour fastness - Colour fastness to
domestic and commercial laundering
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions are applicable to this Standard.
3.1
moulds
Fungus with a well-developed mycelium that does not produce fleshy fruiting body
structures. The fungal body of mould is composed of hyphae, which can extend and
branch indefinitely. The branched hyphae are intertwined with each other to form a
mycelium, which can cause mildew when growing on textiles.
Note: Enzymes or other substances secreted by moulds can damage textiles, change
their physical and chemical properties and reduce their service life. Moulds and
the spores and toxins they produce can also be harmful to human health.
3.2
anti-mould activity
The ability of product to inhibit the germination of mould spores and the growth of
mycelium.
3.3
control cabric
The textiles used to verify the growth conditions of test moulds, which are made of the
same material as the test samples but without anti-mould finishing. If necessary, 100%
cotton fabric without any treatment can also be used as a control cabric after high
temperature cooking and distilled water washing.
Note: It has been proven that cotton standard adjacent fabrics used in color fastness
tests, after high temperature cooking and distilled water washing, or qualitative
filter paper can also be used as a control cabric.
4 Test principle
Inoculate the test sample and the control cabric with mould spores respectively; culture
them for a certain period of time under environmental conditions suitable for mould
growth; observe the growth of mould on the surface of the test sample. Evaluate the
anti-mould activity of textiles based on the degree of mould growth on the surface of
the sample, use the control cabric to test the activity of mould spores.
5 Equipment and materials
5.1 Constant temperature and humidity incubator: The temperature can be maintained
at 28 ℃ ± 2 ℃, and the relative humidity can be maintained at 90% ± 5%.
5.2 Class-II biological safety cabinet.
5.3 Balance: The sensitivity is 0.001 g.
5.4 Refrigerator: The temperature can be maintained at 2 ℃ ~ 8 ℃.
5.5 Autoclave: The temperature can be maintained at 121 ℃ ± 1 ℃, and the pressure
can be maintained at 103 kPa.
5.6 Sprayer: The particle size is less than 50 μm.
5.7 Petri dish: The bottom diameter of the dish is 9 cm.
5.8 Sterilized glassware such as triangular flasks, test tubes, glass rods, and glass beads.
7.2.2 Preparation of mould spore solution
7.2.2.1 Take 10 mL of sterile water (6.5) and pour it into the cultured slant strain (7.2.1);
use a sterile inoculation loop to gently scrape the surface of the strain to wash out the
spores; pour the washed spore solution into a triangular flask containing glass beads.
7.2.2.2 Shake the triangular flask to mix the spore solution thoroughly and disperse the
clumped spores. Filter the spore solution through rapid qualitative filter paper to remove
mycelial fragments, agar blocks and spore clusters.
7.2.2.3 Centrifuge the filtered spore solution at 4 000 r/min and remove the supernatant.
Use 50 mL of sterile water to wash the precipitate; centrifuge again. Wash the spores
three times using this method. Use inorganic salt nutrient solution to dilute the spore
solution; determine the spore content using a hemocytometer. The prepared spore
solution shall conta...