GB/T 23994-2009 English PDF (GBT23994-2009)

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GB/T 23994-2009: Limit of certain harmful elements of coatings for consumer products contacting with human body
GB/T 23994-2009
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 87.040
G 51
Limit of certain harmful elements of coatings for
consumer products contacting with human body
ISSUED ON: JUNE 02, 2009
IMPLEMENTED ON: FEBRUARY 01, 2010
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection
and Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 4 
2 Normative references ... 4 
3 Terms and definitions ... 4 
4 Product classification ... 5 
5 Requirements ... 5 
6 Test method ... 6 
7 Inspection rules ... 6 
8 Labels for packages ... 7 
Appendix A (Normative) Determination of soluble element content ... 8 
Appendix B (Normative) Determination of lead content ... 12 
Limit of certain harmful elements of coatings for
consumer products contacting with human body
1 Scope
This Standard specifies contents such as requirements, test methods and
inspection rules for limit of certain harmful elements of coatings for consumer
products contacting with human body
This Standard applies to various coatings that are used in consumer product
contacting with human body.
2 Normative references
The terms in the following documents become the terms of this Standard by
reference to this Standard. For dated references, all subsequent amendments
(not including errata content) or revisions do not apply to this standard. However,
parties to agreements that are based on this Standard are encouraged to study
whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For undated
references, the latest edition applies to this Standard.
GB/T 1250, Representation and determination of limit values
GB/T 3186, Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes -
Sampling (GB/T 3186-2006, ISO 15528:2000, IDT)
GB/T 6682, Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test
methods (GB/T 6682-2008, ISO 3696:1987, MOD)
GB/T 9750, Marks for package of coating products
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions are applicable to this Standard.
3.1 Consumer product
Articles or parts that are used or enjoyed by consumers in or out of fixed or
temporary residences, residential areas, schools, hospitals, sports fields,
entertainment venues and other occasions.
3.2 Consumer product contacting with human body
a Prepare a mixed sample according to the specified construction ratio of the product
(the thinner does not need to be added), and prepare a coating film of appropriate
thickness. Under the drying conditions that are specified in the product manual, after
the coating is completely dried, determine the dry coating. Determine the powder
coating directly.
6 Test method
6.1 Sampling
Product sampling shall be carried out in accordance with GB/T 3186.
6.2 Test method
The determination of soluble elements is carried out in accordance with the
provisions of Appendix A of this Standard.
The determination of lead content is carried out in accordance with the
provisions of Appendix B of this Standard.
7 Inspection rules
7.1 All requirements that are listed in this Standard are type inspection items.
7.1.1 Under normal production conditions, type inspection shall be carried out
at least once a year.
7.1.2 Type inspection shall be carried out in any of the following cases:
-- when a new product is initially finalized;
-- when the product is produced off-site;
-- when there are major changes in production formulas, processes, key raw
material sources and product construction ratio;
-- when production is resumed after three months of suspension.
7.2 Determination of the test result
7.2.1 The determination of the test results shall be made according to the
rounding comparison method in GB/T 1250. When the test result is 0 after
rounding, report the result as a valid digit.
7.2.2 When the inspection results of all items meet the requirements of this
Standard, the product meets the requirements of this Standard.
Appendix A 
(Normative) 
Determination of soluble element content
A.1 Principle
Use 0.07 mol/L hydrochloric acid solution to treat the dried coating; use
analytical instrument of appropriate detection-limit to quantitatively determine
the content of soluble elements in the test solution.
A.2 Reagent
In the analysis test, only use reagents that are confirmed to be analytical
reagents; the used water shall meet the requirements of Grade-3 water in GB/T
6682.
A.2.1 Hydrochloric acid: about 37% (mass fraction); the density is about 1.18
g/mL.
A.2.2 Hydrochloric acid solution: 0.07 mol/L.
A.2.3 Hydrochloric acid solution: about 2 mol/L.
A.2.4 Nitric acid solution: 1:1 (volume ratio).
A.2.5 Antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury and
selenium standard stock solutions: the concentration is 100 mg/L or 1 000 mg/L.
A.3 Instruments and apparatuses
General laboratory equipment and some of the following equipment.
A.3.1 Analytical instrument of appropriate detection-limit (see A.6): such as
atomic absorption spectrometer, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission
spectrometer.
A.3.2 Crushing equipment: crusher, scissors, etc.
A.3.3 Stainless steel metal sieve: pore size of 0.5 mm.
A.3.4 Balance: accuracy of 0.1 mg.
A.3.5 Heating and stirring device: the device shall be able to keep constant
temperature at (37 ± 2) °C and continuously and automatically stir. The outer
layer of the stirrer shall be PTFE or glass. An oscillating water bath that can
keep constant temperature at (37 ± 2) °C can also be used.
A.3.6 Acidity meter: the accuracy is ±0.2 pH unit.
A.3.7 Filter membrane (applicable to aqueous solution): pore size of 0.45 μm.
A.3.8 Volumetric flask: 25 mL, 50 mL, 100 mL, etc.
A.3.9 Pipette: 1 mL, 2 mL, 5 mL, 10 mL, 25 mL, 50 mL, etc.
A.3.10 Series chemical containers: the total volume is 1.6 ~ 5.0 times the
volume of the extractant of the hydrochloric acid solution (A.2.2).
A.3.11 Glass plate or polytetrafluoroethylene plate.
All glassware, sample containers, stirrers, glass plates or
polytetrafluoroethylene plates must be soaked in nitric acid solution (A.2.4) for
24 hours before use, then washed with water and dried.
A.4 Test steps
A.4.1 Preparation of coating film
Stir the to-be-tested sample evenly. Prepare a mixed sample according to the
specified construction ratio of the product (the thinner does not need to be
added); stir evenly; then, prepare a coating film of appropriate thickness on the
glass plate or polytetrafluoroethylene plate (A.3.11). Under the drying
conditions that are specified in the product manual, after the coating film is
completely dry (if the self-drying paint is dried, the temperature cannot exceed
(60 ± 2) °C), remove the coating film; use the crushing equipment (A.3.2) to
crush it at room temperature; use a stainless steel metal sieve (A.3.3) to sieve
it before processing.
Note 1: For coating films that cannot be crushed (such as elastic or plastic
coating films), use clean scissors (A.3.2) to cut the coating film as much
as possible; directly perform sample processing without sieving.
Note 2: For powdered samples, perform sample processing directly.
A.4.2 Sample processing
Perform two parallel tests on the prepared samples.
Use a suitable chemical container (A.3.10); use a suitable pipette (A.3.9) to
combine the hydrochloric acid solution (A...