GB/T 23365-2023 English PDF (GBT23365-2023)

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GB/T 23365-2023: Electrochemical performance test of lithium cobalt oxide - Test method for the initial discharge specific capacity and the initial efficiency
GB/T 23365-2023
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 77.160
CCS H 21
Replacing GB/T 23365-2009
Electrochemical Performance Test of Lithium Cobalt Oxide - Test
Method for the Initial Discharge Specific Capacity and the Initial
Efficiency
ISSUED ON: SEPTEMBER 7, 2023
IMPLEMENTED ON: APRIL 1, 2024
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative References ... 5
3 Terms and Definitions ... 5
4 Test Conditions ... 5
5 Reagents or Materials ... 6
6 Instruments and Equipment ... 6
7 Test Procedures ... 7
8 Test Data Processing ... 11
9 Allowable Difference ... 12
10 Test Report ... 12
Foreword
This document was drafted in accordance with the rules of GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for
Standardization - Part 1: Rules for the Structure and Drafting of Standardizing Documents.
This document serves as a replacement of GB/T 23365-2009 Electrochemical Performance Test
of Lithium Cobalt Oxide - Test Method for Specific Capacity and Charge-discharge Efficiency
of the First Cycle. In comparison with GB/T 23365-2009, apart from structural adjustments and
editorial modifications, the main technical changes are as follows:
a) The scope of application is modified (see Chapter 1; Chapter 1 of Version 2009);
b) The requirements for “binder”, “lithium ion battery separator”, “aluminum foil”,
“metal lithium sheet” and “electrolyte for lithium ion battery” are modified (see 5.3,
5.4, 5.7, 5.9 and 5.10; 2.5, 2.9, 2.7, 2.8 and 2.1 of Version 2009);
c) The requirements for “vacuum oven”, “dryer”, “oven”, “electronic balance”,
“thickness gauge”, “roller press”, “insulated tweezers”, “pipette”, “button cell
packaging machine” and “thermostatic box” are added (see 6.1, 6.2, 6.7, 6.9 ~ 6.15);
the requirements for “inert atmosphere (argon) glove box” are modified (see 6.3; 3.4
of Version 2009);
d) The requirements for “reagent or material pre-treatment” and “data recording” are
added (see 7.1 and 7.5);
e) The requirements for “cathode sheet preparation”, “battery assembly” and “battery
testing” are modified (see 7.2 ~ 7.4; 4.1 ~ 4.3 of Version 2009);
f) The requirement for the precision of calculation results is added “the calculation
results shall retain one decimal place” (see 8.1 and 8.2);
g) “allowable difference” is added (see Chapter 9).
Please be noted that certain content of this document may involve patents. The institution
issuing this document does not undertake the responsibility of identifying these patents.
This document was proposed by China Non-ferrous Metals Industry Association.
This document shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee 243 on
Nonferrous Metals of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 243)
The drafting organizations of this document: Tianjin Guoan MGL New Materials Co., Ltd.;
Beijing Easpring Material Technology Co., Ltd.; Chengdu B and M Science and Technology Co.,
Ltd.; Hunan Changyuan LICO Co., Ltd.; Guangdong BRUNP Recycling Technology Co., Ltd.;
XTC New Energy Materials (Xiamen) Co., Ltd.; Jiangmen Keheng Industry Co., Ltd.; BASF
Shanshan Battery Materials Co., Ltd.; Amperex Technology Limited; Tianjin Lishen Battery
Joint-Stock Co., Ltd.; Hunan Zhongwei New Energy Technology Co., Ltd.; Gem (Wuxi)
Electrochemical Performance Test of Lithium Cobalt Oxide
- Test Method for the Initial Discharge Specific Capacity and
the Initial Efficiency
1 Scope
This document describes the test method for the initial discharge specific capacity and initial
charge and discharge efficiency of lithium cobalt oxide, which is a lithium ion battery cathode
material.
This document is applicable to the test of the initial discharge specific capacity and initial charge
and discharge efficiency of lithium cobalt oxide, which is a lithium ion battery cathode material.
The test of the initial discharge specific capacity and initial charge and discharge efficiency of
other lithium ion battery cathode materials may take this document as a reference.
2 Normative References
The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document
through the normative references in this text. In terms of references with a specified date, only
versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a
specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 8170 Rules of Rounding off for Numerical Values and Expression and Judgement of
Limiting Values
3 Terms and Definitions
This document does not have terms or definitions that need to be defined.
4 Test Conditions
The test procedures specified in this document, unless otherwise specified, should be carried
out in a drying room (the ambient dew point temperature is not greater than 20 C); for the
circumstance where there are no conditions for such drying room, the various test procedures
shall be carried out under environmental conditions with a relative humidity not greater than
40% and a temperature of 20 C ~ 30 C.
5 Reagents or Materials
5.1 Cathode active material: lithium cobalt oxide.
5.2 Conductive agent: acetylene black or conductive carbon black.
5.3 Binder: polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), battery grade, with a relative molecular mass not
less than 5  105, and a moisture content (mass fraction) not greater than 0.10%.
5.4 Lithium ion battery separator: polyolefin porous membrane, with a porosity of 35.0% ~
60.0%, an average pore diameter not greater than 1.0 m, a diameter of 16 mm ~ 22 mm, and
a thickness of 9.0 m ~ 25.0 m.
5.5 Standard structural members of button cells: commonly used models CR2016, CR2025,
CR2032 or CR2430, including cathode case, anode case, gasket, spring support sheet or foam
nickel sheet.
5.6 Absolute ethanol: industrial grade.
5.7 Aluminum foil: battery grade, with a thickness of 10 m ~ 20 m.
5.8 N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP): battery grade, with a purity not less than 99.9% and a
moisture content (mass fraction) not greater than 0.02%.
5.9 Metal lithium sheet: with a diameter of 14 mm ~ 18 mm and a thickness of 0.40 mm ~ 0.80
mm.
5.10 Electrolyte for lithium ion battery: made from battery-grade lithium hexafluorophosphate
(LiPF6) dissolved in an organic solvent, with a moisture content (mass fraction) not greater than
0.002%, and free acid (HF) content (mass fraction) not greater than 0.005%.
6 Instruments and Equipment
6.1 Vacuum oven: with a temperature control accuracy of  1.0 C.
6.2 Desiccator: contain appropriate desiccant (such as: color-changing silica gel and phosphorus
pentoxide, etc.).
6.3 Inert atmosphere (argon) glove box: with a moisture content (mass fraction) and oxygen
content (mass fraction) not greater than 0.0001%.
6.4 Electronic balance: the division value of display is 0.0001 g.
6.5 Dispersing mixer.
6.6 Small coating machine or film applicator.
6.7 Oven: with a temperature control accuracy of  1.0 C.
6.8 Sheet-punching machine.
6.9 Electronic balance: the division value of display is 0.00001 g.
6.10 Thickness gauge: with a resolution of 1 m.
6.11 Roller press: for button lithium cells only.
6.12 Insulated tweezers.
6.13 Pipette: 1 mL.
6.14 Button cell packaging machine.
6.15 Thermostatic box: with a temperature control accuracy of  1.0 C.
6.16 Lithium ion battery electrochemical pe...