GB/T 23301-2024 English PDF (GB/T23301-2024)

GB/T 23301-2024: Cast aluminum alloys for automobile wheels
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GB/T 23301-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 77.150.10
CCS J 31
Replacing GB/T 23301-2009
Cast aluminum alloys for automobile wheels
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 31, 2024
IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 1, 2025
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Terms and definitions ... 6
4 Alloy grades and codes ... 6
5 Technical requirements ... 7
6 Test methods ... 8
7 Inspection rules ... 9
8 Marking, quality certificate, packaging, transportation and storage ... 10
Appendix A (Informative) Comparison of domestic and foreign aluminum alloy grades
... 13
Appendix B (Informative) Mechanical properties of aluminum alloys ... 14
References ... 15
Cast aluminum alloys for automobile wheels
1 Scope
This document specifies the grades and codes, technical requirements, test methods,
inspection rules, as well as marking, quality certificates, packaging, transportation and
storage of cast aluminum alloys for automobile wheels.
This document applies to the production and inspection of cast aluminum alloys
(including aluminum alloy liquid and aluminum alloy ingots) for automobile wheels.
2 Normative references
The provisions of the following documents constitute the essential clauses of this
document through normative references in this text. Among them, for referenced
documents with dates, only the versions corresponding to the dates are applicable to
this document; for referenced documents without dates, the latest versions (including
all amendments) are applicable to this document.
GB/T 5611 Foundry terminology
GB/T 7999 Optical emission spectrometric analysis method of aluminum and
aluminum alloys
GB/T 8063 Designation of cast nonferrous metals and their alloys
GB/T 8170 Rules of rounding off for numerical values and expression and judgment
of limiting values
GB/T 15115-2024 Die casting aluminum alloys
GB/T 20975.3 Methods for chemical analysis of aluminium and aluminium alloys
- Part 3: Determination of copper content
GB/T 20975.4 Methods for chemical analysis of aluminium and aluminium alloys
- Part 4: Determination of iron content
GB/T 20975.5 Methods for chemical analysis of aluminium and aluminium alloys
- Part 5: Determination of silicon content
GB/T 20975.7 Methods for chemical analysis of aluminium and aluminium alloys
- Part 7: Determination of manganese content
GB/T 20975.8 Methods for chemical analysis of aluminium and aluminium alloys
- Part 8: Determination of zinc content
GB/T 20975.12 Methods for chemical analysis of aluminium and aluminium alloys
- Part 12: Determination of titanium content
GB/T 20975.16 Methods for chemical analysis of aluminium and aluminium alloys
- Part 16: Determination of magnesium content
GB/T 20975.17 Methods for chemical analysis of aluminium and aluminium alloys
- Part 17: Determination of strontium content
GB/T 20975.21 Methods for chemical analysis of aluminium and aluminium alloy
- Part 21: Determination of calcium content
GB/T 30512 Requirements for prohibited substances on automobiles
GB/T 43139 Density detecting method for vacuum solidified samples of casting
aluminum alloys liquid
GB/T 43920 General technical specification for centralized smelting and
distribution of aluminum alloy melt for die casting
JB/T 7946.3-2017 Metallograph of cast aluminium alloys - Part 3: Cast aluminium
alloys pinhole
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 5611 apply to this document.
4 Alloy grades and codes
4.1 Alloy grades
The designation method of grades of cast aluminum alloys for automobile wheels
(hereinafter referred to as aluminum alloys) shall comply with the provisions of GB/T
8063.
4.2 Alloy codes
The codes of aluminum alloys are expressed as follows:
reference mechanical properties.
5.3 Pinhole and density
5.3.1 The pinhole degree of aluminum alloy ingots shall not be lower than Grade 2
specified by JB/T 7946.3-2017.
5.3.2 The density of the reduced pressure solidification specimen of aluminum alloy
liquid shall not be less than 2.60 g/cm3.
5.4 Slag inclusion
The slag inclusion K value of aluminum alloy shall not be greater than 0.15.
5.5 Appearance and fracture
5.5.1 The surface of the aluminum alloy ingot shall be clean and free of mildew and
foreign inclusions, but slight slag inclusions and trimming marks, or slight cracks
caused by pouring shrinkage are allowed.
5.5.2 The aluminum alloy liquid surface shall be clean, without obvious slag and non-
metallic floating objects.
5.5.3 The fracture structure of aluminum alloy ingots shall be dense, without serious
shrinkage, slag and non-metallic inclusions.
5.6 Prohibited substances
The prohibited substances in aluminum alloys shall comply with the requirements of
GB/T 30512.
6 Test methods
6.1 Chemical composition
6.1.1 The chemical composition analysis method shall be in accordance with the
provisions of GB/T 7999.
6.1.2 In case of any dispute over the analysis results, arbitration shall be conducted in
accordance with the provisions of GB/T 20975.3, GB/T 20975.4, GB/T 20975.5, GB/T
20975.7, GB/T 20975.8, GB/T 20975.12, GB/T 20975.16, GB/T 20975.17 and GB/T
20975.21.
6.1.3 The rounding comparison method is used to determine the analytical values. The
rounding of values is carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 8170, and
the rounding digits are consistent with the limit digits specified in Table 1.
a) Material grade or code;
b) Heat number and production batch number;
c) Net weight;
d) Manufacturer's name or trademark;
e) Date of manufacture.
8.1.2 The packaging of aluminum alloy liquid shall have the following markings. The
markings shall be clear, marked in a fixed position on the insulation bag, and consistent
with the content of the delivery note. Different batches of aluminum alloy liquid cannot
be mixed.
a) Material grade or code;
b) Insulation bag number and production batch number;
c) Manufacturer's name or trademark;
d) Date of manufacture.
8.2 Quality certificate
Each batch of aluminum alloy shall have a product certificate and quality certificate
when leaving the factory. The quality certificate shall indicate:
a) Supplier name or code;
b) Grade;
c) Quality inspection results and seal of the quality inspection department;
d) Batch number or heat number;
e) Net weight or number of pieces;
f) This document number;
g) Date of manufacture.
8.3 Packaging
8.3.1 Aluminum alloy ingots shall be bundled according to the heat number, and the
weight of each bundle shall not exceed 1000 kg. Aluminum alloy ingots from different
batches shall not be mixed into one bundle. The packaging shall be firm to ensure that
the ingots will not fall apart during transportation or handling.
GB/T 23301-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 77.150.10
CCS J 31
Replacing GB/T 23301-2009
Cast aluminum alloys for automobile wheels
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 31, 2024
IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 1, 2025
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Terms and definitions ... 6
4 Alloy grades and codes ... 6
5 Technical requirements ... 7
6 Test methods ... 8
7 Inspection rules ... 9
8 Marking, quality certificate, packaging, transportation and storage ... 10
Appendix A (Informative) Comparison of domestic and foreign aluminum alloy grades
... 13
Appendix B (Informative) Mechanical properties of aluminum alloys ... 14
References ... 15
Cast aluminum alloys for automobile wheels
1 Scope
This document specifies the grades and codes, technical requirements, test methods,
inspection rules, as well as marking, quality certificates, packaging, transportation and
storage of cast aluminum alloys for automobile wheels.
This document applies to the production and inspection of cast aluminum alloys
(including aluminum alloy liquid and aluminum alloy ingots) for automobile wheels.
2 Normative references
The provisions of the following documents constitute the essential clauses of this
document through normative references in this text. Among them, for referenced
documents with dates, only the versions corresponding to the dates are applicable to
this document; for referenced documents without dates, the latest versions (including
all amendments) are applicable to this document.
GB/T 5611 Foundry terminology
GB/T 7999 Optical emission spectrometric analysis method of aluminum and
aluminum alloys
GB/T 8063 Designation of cast nonferrous metals and their alloys
GB/T 8170 Rules of rounding off for numerical values and expression and judgment
of limiting values
GB/T 15115-2024 Die casting aluminum alloys
GB/T 20975.3 Methods for chemical analysis of aluminium and aluminium alloys
- Part 3: Determination of copper content
GB/T 20975.4 Methods for chemical analysis of aluminium and aluminium alloys
- Part 4: Determination of iron content
GB/T 20975.5 Methods for chemical analysis of aluminium and aluminium alloys
- Part 5: Determination of silicon content
GB/T 20975.7 Methods for chemical analysis of aluminium and aluminium alloys
- Part 7: Determination of manganese content
GB/T 20975.8 Methods for chemical analysis of aluminium and aluminium alloys
- Part 8: Determination of zinc content
GB/T 20975.12 Methods for chemical analysis of aluminium and aluminium alloys
- Part 12: Determination of titanium content
GB/T 20975.16 Methods for chemical analysis of aluminium and aluminium alloys
- Part 16: Determination of magnesium content
GB/T 20975.17 Methods for chemical analysis of aluminium and aluminium alloys
- Part 17: Determination of strontium content
GB/T 20975.21 Methods for chemical analysis of aluminium and aluminium alloy
- Part 21: Determination of calcium content
GB/T 30512 Requirements for prohibited substances on automobiles
GB/T 43139 Density detecting method for vacuum solidified samples of casting
aluminum alloys liquid
GB/T 43920 General technical specification for centralized smelting and
distribution of aluminum alloy melt for die casting
JB/T 7946.3-2017 Metallograph of cast aluminium alloys - Part 3: Cast aluminium
alloys pinhole
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 5611 apply to this document.
4 Alloy grades and codes
4.1 Alloy grades
The designation method of grades of cast aluminum alloys for automobile wheels
(hereinafter referred to as aluminum alloys) shall comply with the provisions of GB/T
8063.
4.2 Alloy codes
The codes of aluminum alloys are expressed as follows:
reference mechanical properties.
5.3 Pinhole and density
5.3.1 The pinhole degree of aluminum alloy ingots shall not be lower than Grade 2
specified by JB/T 7946.3-2017.
5.3.2 The density of the reduced pressure solidification specimen of aluminum alloy
liquid shall not be less than 2.60 g/cm3.
5.4 Slag inclusion
The slag inclusion K value of aluminum alloy shall not be greater than 0.15.
5.5 Appearance and fracture
5.5.1 The surface of the aluminum alloy ingot shall be clean and free of mildew and
foreign inclusions, but slight slag inclusions and trimming marks, or slight cracks
caused by pouring shrinkage are allowed.
5.5.2 The aluminum alloy liquid surface shall be clean, without obvious slag and non-
metallic floating objects.
5.5.3 The fracture structure of aluminum alloy ingots shall be dense, without serious
shrinkage, slag and non-metallic inclusions.
5.6 Prohibited substances
The prohibited substances in aluminum alloys shall comply with the requirements of
GB/T 30512.
6 Test methods
6.1 Chemical composition
6.1.1 The chemical composition analysis method shall be in accordance with the
provisions of GB/T 7999.
6.1.2 In case of any dispute over the analysis results, arbitration shall be conducted in
accordance with the provisions of GB/T 20975.3, GB/T 20975.4, GB/T 20975.5, GB/T
20975.7, GB/T 20975.8, GB/T 20975.12, GB/T 20975.16, GB/T 20975.17 and GB/T
20975.21.
6.1.3 The rounding comparison method is used to determine the analytical values. The
rounding of values is carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 8170, and
the rounding digits are consistent with the limit digits specified in Table 1.
a) Material grade or code;
b) Heat number and production batch number;
c) Net weight;
d) Manufacturer's name or trademark;
e) Date of manufacture.
8.1.2 The packaging of aluminum alloy liquid shall have the following markings. The
markings shall be clear, marked in a fixed position on the insulation bag, and consistent
with the content of the delivery note. Different batches of aluminum alloy liquid cannot
be mixed.
a) Material grade or code;
b) Insulation bag number and production batch number;
c) Manufacturer's name or trademark;
d) Date of manufacture.
8.2 Quality certificate
Each batch of aluminum alloy shall have a product certificate and quality certificate
when leaving the factory. The quality certificate shall indicate:
a) Supplier name or code;
b) Grade;
c) Quality inspection results and seal of the quality inspection department;
d) Batch number or heat number;
e) Net weight or number of pieces;
f) This document number;
g) Date of manufacture.
8.3 Packaging
8.3.1 Aluminum alloy ingots shall be bundled according to the heat number, and the
weight of each bundle shall not exceed 1000 kg. Aluminum alloy ingots from different
batches shall not be mixed into one bundle. The packaging shall be firm to ensure that
the ingots will not fall apart during transportation or handling.