GB/T 228-2002 English PDF (GBT228-2002)

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GB/T 228-2002: Metallic materials -- Tensile testing at ambient temperature
GB/T 228-2002
GB
ICS 77.040.10
H 22
National Standard
of the People's Republic of China
eqv ISO 6892.1998
Metallic materials –
Tensile testing at ambient temperature
ISSUED ON. MARCH 10, 2002
IMPLEMENTED ON. JULY 1, 2002
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 4 
ISO Foreword ... 6 
1 Scope ... 7 
2 Normative references ... 7 
3 Principle ... 7 
4 Definitions ... 8 
5 Symbols and designations ... 12 
6 Test piece ... 13 
7 Determination of original cross-sectional area (So) ... 15 
8 Marking the original gauge length (Lo) ... 15 
9 Accuracy of testing apparatus ... 15 
10 Conditions of testing ... 16 
11 Determination of percentage elongation after fracture (A) and percentage total
elongation at fracture (At) ... 17 
12 Determination of percentage total elongation at maximum force (Agt) and
percentage non-proportional elongation at maximum force (Ag) ... 18 
13 Determination of percentage yield point extension (Ae)] ... 18 
14 Determination of upper yield strength (ReH) and lower yield strength (ReL)]... 19 
15 Determination of proof strength, non-proportional extension (Rp) ... 19 
16 Determination of proof strength, total extension (Rt) ... 20 
17 Method of verification of permanent set strength (Rr) ... 21 
18 Determination of tensile strength (Rm)] ... 21 
19 Determination of percentage reduction of area (Z) ... 21 
20 Rounding off of numerical values of property determination results] ... 24 
21 Accuracy of property determination results ... 25 
22 Processing of test results] ... 25 
23 Test report ... 25 
Annex A ... 26 
Annex B ... 28 
Annex C ... 32 
Annex D ... 33 
Annex E ... 36 
Annex F ... 37 
Annex G ... 38 
Annex H] ... 39 
Annex I] ... 41 
Annex J ... 43 
Annex K ... 47 
Annex L] ... 52 
Foreword
This Standard adopts and is equivalent to the International Standard ISO 6892.1998 Metallic
materials-Tensile testing at ambient temperature. The main technical content of this
Standard is the same as that of ISO 6892.1998. However, some of the technical content in this
Standard is more detail and specific; and the compilation structure does not correspond
exactly. Requirements to rounding off of numerical values of property determination results
and processing of test results are added. Add type of test sample. Annex F (informative)
Nomogram for calculating the original gauge lengths of test pieces of rectangular
cross-section is deleted. Annex L (informative) Bibliography is deleted. Annex H
(informative) Determination of proof strength (non-proportional extension) (Rp) using
step-by-step approach is added. Annex L (informative) Comparison between names and
symbols of properties in new and old standards is added.
This Standard incorporates and revises the former national standards GB/T 228-1987
Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials, GB/T 3076-1982 Standard
Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Thin Sheets (Strips) and GB/T 6397-1986 Test
Pieces for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials. Major changes and supplements have been
made to the technical contents of the former standards in the following sections.
- Normative references;
- Definitions and symbols;
- Test piece;
- Conditions of testing;
- Performance measurement methods;
- Rounding off of numerical values of property determination results;
- Statements of accuracy of property determination results.
This Standard shall replace GB/T 228-1987 Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of
Metallic Materials, GB/T 3076-1982 Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic
Thin Sheets (Strips) and GB/T 6397-1986 Test Pieces for Tension Testing of Metallic
Materials, from the effective date of this Standard.
Annexes A to D form an integral part of this Standard.
Annexes E to L of this Standard are for information only.
This Standard was proposed by former State Bureau of Metallurgical Industry.
This Standard shall be under the administration of National Steel Standardization Technical
Committee.
Drafting organizations of this Standard. China Iron and Steel Research Institute Group, Jinan
Shijin Group Corporation, Baoshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., and China Metallurgical
Information and Standardization Research Institute.
Drafters of this Standard. Liang Xinbang, Li Jiulin, Tao Liying, Li Heping, and Gao
Zhenying.
This Standard was released first-time in November 1963; revised for the first time in
September 1976; and revised for the second time in February 1987.
ISO Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national
standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is
normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a
subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented
on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
Electro-technical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electro-technical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the
member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at
least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
International Standard ISO 6892 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 164,
Mechanical testing of metals, Subcommittee SC1, Uniaxial testing.
This second edition replaces the first edition (ISO 6892.1984).
Annexes A to D form an integral part of this International Standard.
Annexes E to L are for information only.
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
eqv ISO 6892.1998
Metallic materials - Tensile testing at ambient temperature
Replacing GB/T 228-1987
GB/T 3076-1982
GB/T 6397-1986
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the principle, definitions, symbols and designations, test piece and its
dimension measurement, testing apparatus, conditions of testing, property determination, rounding
off of numerical values of determination results, and test report for tensile testing of metallic
materials.
This Standard applies to determination of tensile properties of metallic materials at ambient
temperature. Whereas, the tensile testing for the metallic products with a small cross section
dimension such as metal anchors, ultra-fine wires and capillary tubes requires separate agreement.
2 Normative references
The following standards ...