GB/T 22038-2018 English PDF (GB/T22038-2018)

GB/T 22038-2018: Method of automobile tyre static contact pressure distribution
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GB/T 22038-2018
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 83.160.10
G 41
Replacing GB/T 22038-2008
Method of automobile tyre static contact pressure
distribution
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 28, 2018
IMPLEMENTED ON: NOVEMBER 01, 2019
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 5 
2 Normative references ... 5 
3 Terms and definitions ... 5 
4 Equipment composition and accuracy ... 7 
5 Test conditions and procedures ... 8 
6 Test record and numerical calculation ... 9 
7 Test report ... 12 
Foreword
This Standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This Standard replaces GB/T 22038-2008, Method of automobile tyre static
contact pressure distribution. Compared with GB/T 22038-2008, the main
technical changes, except editorial changes, are as follows:
-- Modify the definition of the term "radial force"; add the tyre pressure
coordinate system (see 3.1, and 3.1 of version 2008);
-- Modify the English equivalent of the term "contact patch"; modify the
schematic diagram of the contact patch (see 3.2, and 3.2 of version 2008);
-- Modify the term "method of pressure sensitive film" to "method of pre-scale
film" (see 3.3, and 3.3 of version 2008);
-- Modify the term "method of pressure sensor" to "method of sensor" (see
3.4, and 3.4 of version 2008);
-- Add the term "method of light absorption" (see 3.5);
-- Add the force/ displacement measuring system (see 4.1.2.1);
-- Add description of the pressure distribution measuring system (see 4.1.2.3);
-- Change "deviation ≤ ±1°" to "accuracy ±0.05°" (see 4.2.1, and 4.2.1.1 of
version 2008);
-- Add provisions for the accuracy of the pressure gauge (see 4.2.4);
-- Add provisions for the accuracy of the displacement measuring system
(see 4.2.5);
-- Remove the calibration of the device (see 4.2.2 of version 2008);
-- Modify the order of each condition description in the test conditions (see
5.1, and 5.1 of version 2008);
-- Modify the provisions for tyre appearance quality, test rim, test air pressure
and test load (see 5.1.2, 5.1.3, 5.1.4, 5.1.6, and 5.1.2, 5.1.3, 5.1.4, 5.1.5
of version 2008);
-- Remove the requirement for tyre weighing in the item (see 5.2.1 of version
2008);
-- Add requirements for the steps of the method of light absorption; add
requirements for the radial loading speed (see 5.2.5);
Method of automobile tyre static contact pressure
distribution
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the terms and definitions, equipment composition and
accuracy, test conditions, test procedures, test records and numerical value
processing for method of automobile tyre static contact pressure distribution.
This standard applies to passenger car tyres and truck tyres.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the dated version applies to this document. For
undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this
document.
GB/T 521, Test method of measuring peripheral dimensions for tyres
GB/T 2977, Size designation, dimensions, inflation pressure and load
capacity for truck tyres
GB/T 2978, Size designation, dimensions, inflation pressure and load
capacity for passenger car tyres
GB/T 6326, Tyre terms and definitions
GB/T 8170, Rules of rounding off for numerical values and expression and
judgment of limiting values
HG/T 2177, Appearance quality of tyres
3 Terms and definitions
Terms and definitions determined by GB/T 6326 and the following ones are
applicable to this document.
3.1 Radial force
The vertical force on the test bench that the tyre is subjected to.
See Figure 1 for the tyre pressure coordinate system.
sensitive film into pressure distribution by calibrating the relationship curve
between different color depth and pressure.
3.4 Method of sensor
A method of using a pressure sensor to measure the tyre static contact pressure
distribution.
3.5 Method of light absorption
The light absorptive amount or light scattering degree at a certain point between
the optical prism and the flat ground or the rough rubber surface is a function of
pressure. The method that uses this rule, to convert the light and dark
distribution of this light within the ground plane into a pressure distribution.
4 Equipment composition and accuracy
4.1 Equipment composition
4.1.1 Loading and positioning device
The loading device is any device that can provide radial force to the pneumatic
tyre and can maintain the load.
The positioning device is any device that can measure and position the relative
vertical displacement between the tyre rotation axis and the rigid platform.
4.1.2 Measuring system
4.1.2.1 Force/ displacement measuring system
The measuring system shall be able to measure the radial force of the tyre and
the vertical distance or change in distance between the tyre's rotation axis and
the rigid platform.
4.1.2.2 Ground contact area measuring system
The measuring system shall be able to map the graphic of the contact part
between the tyre and the rigid platform after the target load is given by the
loading system; it can measure the imprint area, the ground contact area, the
ground contact length and the ground contact width.
4.1.2.3 Pressure distribution measuring system
The measuring system shall be able to identify the radial force distribution
(expressed in pressure) within the tyre contact area.
4.1.3 Rigid platform
5.1.5 After the tyre is inflated, park it at room temperature of 18 °C ~ 36 °C for
at least 24 h. Re-adjust the tyre pressure after parking to the air pressure that
is specified in 5.1.4; test after 15 minutes of parking. If the test is repeated at
the same point, first check whether the air pressure is within the standard
deviation of the specified air pressure. The next test can be carried out after
parking for 30 minutes.
5.1.6 The radial load should refer to the standard load that is specified in GB/T
2977 and GB/T 2978 (when there are two conditions for single and double tyres,
use the single tyre load); or perform the test according to the load that is
specified by the test applicant .
5.2 Test procedures
5.2.1 Clean the dirt, debris and other contaminants on the surface of the tyre;
trim the exhaust rubber bead and mold seam rubber edge; then, assemble the
tyre on the rim that is required by 5.1.3; fill the air pressure that is specified by
5.1.4; park in accordance with the provisions of 5.1.5.
5.2.2 Fix the test tyre and rim assembly on the testing machine.
5.2.3 Mark the required test points on the sidewall of the tyre.
5.2.4 In accordance with the provisions of GB/T 521, measure the tyre inflation
outer diameter and section width. Or apply a radial force ≤50 N; record the
vertical distance between the tyre rotation axis and the rigid platform as the half
of the tyre inflation outer diameter.
5.2.5 Place a pressure sensitive film or a pressure blanket with sensors or a
special reflective paper between the tyre and the rigid platform; apply a radial
load to the prescribed value of 5.1.6 at a radial loading speed of (50 ± 2.5)
mm/min; the speed shall ensure that the pressure sensitive film or pressure
sensor is not wrinkled at the pressured part; keep it for more than 2 min after
loading to the specified load. Measure the static load radius and section width
of the tyre under load.
5.2.6 Process the data that is obtained by the pressure distribution measuring
system as required.
6 Test record and numerical calculation
6.1 Record the laboratory temperature, test rim, test load, test air pressure, and
the tyre inflation outer diameter and section width.
6.2 Record the tyre static load radius RS and the section width under load.
GB/T 22038-2018
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 83.160.10
G 41
Replacing GB/T 22038-2008
Method of automobile tyre static contact pressure
distribution
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 28, 2018
IMPLEMENTED ON: NOVEMBER 01, 2019
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 5 
2 Normative references ... 5 
3 Terms and definitions ... 5 
4 Equipment composition and accuracy ... 7 
5 Test conditions and procedures ... 8 
6 Test record and numerical calculation ... 9 
7 Test report ... 12 
Foreword
This Standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This Standard replaces GB/T 22038-2008, Method of automobile tyre static
contact pressure distribution. Compared with GB/T 22038-2008, the main
technical changes, except editorial changes, are as follows:
-- Modify the definition of the term "radial force"; add the tyre pressure
coordinate system (see 3.1, and 3.1 of version 2008);
-- Modify the English equivalent of the term "contact patch"; modify the
schematic diagram of the contact patch (see 3.2, and 3.2 of version 2008);
-- Modify the term "method of pressure sensitive film" to "method of pre-scale
film" (see 3.3, and 3.3 of version 2008);
-- Modify the term "method of pressure sensor" to "method of sensor" (see
3.4, and 3.4 of version 2008);
-- Add the term "method of light absorption" (see 3.5);
-- Add the force/ displacement measuring system (see 4.1.2.1);
-- Add description of the pressure distribution measuring system (see 4.1.2.3);
-- Change "deviation ≤ ±1°" to "accuracy ±0.05°" (see 4.2.1, and 4.2.1.1 of
version 2008);
-- Add provisions for the accuracy of the pressure gauge (see 4.2.4);
-- Add provisions for the accuracy of the displacement measuring system
(see 4.2.5);
-- Remove the calibration of the device (see 4.2.2 of version 2008);
-- Modify the order of each condition description in the test conditions (see
5.1, and 5.1 of version 2008);
-- Modify the provisions for tyre appearance quality, test rim, test air pressure
and test load (see 5.1.2, 5.1.3, 5.1.4, 5.1.6, and 5.1.2, 5.1.3, 5.1.4, 5.1.5
of version 2008);
-- Remove the requirement for tyre weighing in the item (see 5.2.1 of version
2008);
-- Add requirements for the steps of the method of light absorption; add
requirements for the radial loading speed (see 5.2.5);
Method of automobile tyre static contact pressure
distribution
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the terms and definitions, equipment composition and
accuracy, test conditions, test procedures, test records and numerical value
processing for method of automobile tyre static contact pressure distribution.
This standard applies to passenger car tyres and truck tyres.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the dated version applies to this document. For
undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this
document.
GB/T 521, Test method of measuring peripheral dimensions for tyres
GB/T 2977, Size designation, dimensions, inflation pressure and load
capacity for truck tyres
GB/T 2978, Size designation, dimensions, inflation pressure and load
capacity for passenger car tyres
GB/T 6326, Tyre terms and definitions
GB/T 8170, Rules of rounding off for numerical values and expression and
judgment of limiting values
HG/T 2177, Appearance quality of tyres
3 Terms and definitions
Terms and definitions determined by GB/T 6326 and the following ones are
applicable to this document.
3.1 Radial force
The vertical force on the test bench that the tyre is subjected to.
See Figure 1 for the tyre pressure coordinate system.
sensitive film into pressure distribution by calibrating the relationship curve
between different color depth and pressure.
3.4 Method of sensor
A method of using a pressure sensor to measure the tyre static contact pressure
distribution.
3.5 Method of light absorption
The light absorptive amount or light scattering degree at a certain point between
the optical prism and the flat ground or the rough rubber surface is a function of
pressure. The method that uses this rule, to convert the light and dark
distribution of this light within the ground plane into a pressure distribution.
4 Equipment composition and accuracy
4.1 Equipment composition
4.1.1 Loading and positioning device
The loading device is any device that can provide radial force to the pneumatic
tyre and can maintain the load.
The positioning device is any device that can measure and position the relative
vertical displacement between the tyre rotation axis and the rigid platform.
4.1.2 Measuring system
4.1.2.1 Force/ displacement measuring system
The measuring system shall be able to measure the radial force of the tyre and
the vertical distance or change in distance between the tyre's rotation axis and
the rigid platform.
4.1.2.2 Ground contact area measuring system
The measuring system shall be able to map the graphic of the contact part
between the tyre and the rigid platform after the target load is given by the
loading system; it can measure the imprint area, the ground contact area, the
ground contact length and the ground contact width.
4.1.2.3 Pressure distribution measuring system
The measuring system shall be able to identify the radial force distribution
(expressed in pressure) within the tyre contact area.
4.1.3 Rigid platform
5.1.5 After the tyre is inflated, park it at room temperature of 18 °C ~ 36 °C for
at least 24 h. Re-adjust the tyre pressure after parking to the air pressure that
is specified in 5.1.4; test after 15 minutes of parking. If the test is repeated at
the same point, first check whether the air pressure is within the standard
deviation of the specified air pressure. The next test can be carried out after
parking ...