GB/T 22036-2017 English PDF (GBT22036-2017)

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GB/T 22036-2017: Coast-by methods for measurement of tyre-to-road sound emission
GB/T 22036-2017
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 83.160.10
G 41
Replace GB/T 22036-2008
Coast-by methods for measurement of tyre-to-road sound
emission
(ISO 13325:2003, Tyres - Coast-by methods for measurement of tyre-to-road
sound emission, MOD)
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 29, 2017
IMPLEMENTED ON: NOVEMBER 1, 2018
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of PRC;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 6
2 Normative references ... 6
3 Terms and definitions ... 7
4 General rule ... 7
5 Test site ... 7
6 Measuring instruments ... 8
7 Meteorological conditions and background noise ... 10
8 Preparation and adjustment of tyres ... 11
9 Test road verification ... 12
Appendix A (Normative) Vehicle method ... 13
Appendix B (Normative) Trailer method ... 19
Coast-by methods for measurement of tyre-to-road sound
emission
1 Scope
This standard specifies the test method for measuring the noise of the tyre mounted on
a test vehicle or trailer under coast-by conditions. Coasting refers to the condition in
which the engine is off, there is no power drive, the transmission is in neutral, and the
test tyre is in a free rolling state. The tyre noise test results of the vehicle method are
closer to the actual effect than the trailer method, but the tyre noise is affected by the
suspension parameters; the trailer method test results are closer to the actual noise
produced by a single tyre.
This standard applies to new passenger car tyres and truck tyres. It is neither suitable
for measuring the tyre noise (sound field distribution) of vehicles under normal driving
conditions, nor is it suitable for measuring the traffic noise and the degree of harm of
vehicles at a given position under normal driving conditions.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For the dated
documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document;
for the undated documents, only the latest version (including all the amendments) is
applicable to this standard.
GB/T 3785.1-2010 Electroacoustics - Sound level meters - Part 1: Specifications
(IEC 61672-1:2002, IDT)
GB/T 6326 Tyre terms and definitions (GB/T 6326-2014, ISO 4223-1:2002,
Definitions of some terms used in tyre industry - Part 1: Pneumatic tyres, NEQ)
GB/T 15173-2010 Electroacoustics - Sound calibrators (IEC 60942:2003, IDT)
ISO 362.1 Measurement of noise emitted by accelerating road vehicles - Engineering
method - Part 1: M and N categories
ISO 10844 Acoustics - Specification of test tracks for measuring noise emitted by
road vehicles and their tyres
requirements of GB/T 3785.1-2010 and GB/T 15173-2010 at intervals not exceeding 1
year.
When the wind speed reaches 2 m/s or more, the microphone shall use a windshield.
The test site and the road surface shall comply with the requirements of ISO 10844, as
shown in Figure 1. In addition, there are no acoustic reflectors within the radius shown
in Figure 1.
6.2 Microphone
Two microphones shall be used in the test, one on each side of the vehicle (or trailer).
There shall be no acoustic reflectors near the microphones, and no person shall stand
between the sound source and the microphones. The observer who makes the
measurement shall also stand at least 20 m away from the microphone so as not to affect
the measurement results of the instrument.
The microphone shall be located 1.2 m±0.02 m above the ground and 7.5 m±0.05 m
from the centerline of travel of the vehicle. Its reference axis shall be horizontal and
perpendicular to the centerline of travel of the vehicle.
6.3 Temperature measurement
6.3.1 General remarks
For air and test road surface temperatures, the accuracy of the thermometer or other
temperature-measuring instruments shall be within ±1 °C. Infrared thermometers
cannot be used to measure air temperature.
The type of temperature sensor used shall be documented.
The temperature can be continuously recorded by instruments and equipment. If
conditions are not available, single values can be measured and recorded.
Air temperature and test road surface temperature measurements are mandatory, and
the final readings shall be rounded to the nearest integer of degrees Celsius from the
actual measured value.
Whether it is the vehicle method or the trailer method, the temperature measurement
shall be throughout the whole process of the tyre noise measurement, or the average
value of the temperature at the beginning and end of the test shall be used.
6.3.2 Air temperature
The temperature sensor shall be placed in a sheltered place near the microphone, e.g.,
it is exposed to air currents and out of direct sunlight; a sunshade screen or similar
device can be used to achieve the same effect. The temperature sensor shall be located
1.2 m±0.1 m above the test road surface to reduce the influence of low airflow caused
by heat radiation from the test road surface.
6.3.3 Test road surface temperature
The temperature sensor shall be placed in a position where the temperature is
representative of the temperature in the wheel tracks, without interfering with the
measurement of the tyre noise.
If a contact temperature sensor is used, an adhesive with good thermal conductivity
shall be used between the road surface and the sensor to ensure adequate thermal
conduction.
If a thermal radiation thermometer is used, the height shall be chosen to ensure that a
measuring spot that is ≥0.1 m from the thermometer is covered.
The test road surface shall not be artificially cooled before and during the test.
6.4 Measurement of the wind speed
The accuracy of the anemometer shall be within ±1 m/s. The anemometer shall be at
the height of the microphone, between A-A and B-B, and not more than 20 m from the
centerline of travel (see Figure 1); it shall record the wind direction at the same time.
6.5 Measurement of the speed
The speed measuring device shall be able to test the speed of the test vehicle or trailer
and ensure that the error is within ±1 km/h.
7 Meteorological conditions and background noise
7.1 Meteorological conditions
Measurements shall be taken in good weather conditions. During the test, the wind
speed at the height of the microphone shall not exceed 5 m/s. When the air temperature
is within the range of 5 °C to 40 °C or the road surface temperature is within the range
of 5 °C to 50 °C, the test can be carried out. It shall be noted that the measurements
shall not be affected by gusts of wind.
7.2 Temperature correction
The temperature correction is only applicable to passenger car tyres and truck tyres (the
Appendix A
(Normative)
Vehicle method
A.1 Overview
A.1.1 Test vehicle
The test vehicle shall have two axles, each with two tyres, and shall be able to withstand
the load specified in A.1.4.
A.1.2 Wheelbase
The wheelbase between the two axles on which the test tyres are installed shall be:
a) ≤3.5 m, suitable for passenger car tyres.
b) ≤5.0 m, suitable for truck tyres.
A.1.3 Measures to reduce the impact of the vehicle on tyre noise during the test
In order to ensure that tyre noise is not affected by the structure of the test vehicle, the
following requirements and suggestions shall be put forward for the test vehicle:
a) Requirements:
1) Mudguards or ot...