GB/T 21649.2-2017 English PDF (GBT21649.2-2017)

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GB/T 21649.2-2017: Particle size analysis -- Image analysis methods -- Part 2: Dynamic image analysis methods
GB/T 21649.2-2017
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GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 19.120
A 28
GB/T 21649.2-2017 / ISO 13322-2:2006
Particle size analysis - Image analysis methods - Part 2:
Dynamic image analysis methods
(ISO 13322-2:2006, IDT)
ISSUED ON: FEBRUARY 28, 2017
IMPLEMENTED ON: SEPTEMBER 01, 2017
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
Introduction ... 4
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Terms, definitions and symbols ... 5
3.1 Terms and definitions ... 5
3.2 Symbols ... 6
4 Principle ... 7
4.1 General ... 7
4.2 Particle motion ... 7
4.3 Particle positioning ... 8
5 Operation steps ... 9
5.1 General ... 9
5.2 Still image resolution ... 9
5.3 Calibration and traceability ... 10
5.4 Size classes and magnification ... 10
5.5 Particle edges ... 11
5.6 Measurement ... 11
6 Sample preparation ... 11
7 Sample and measurement variability ... 12
Annex A (Informative) Particle velocity and exposure time recommended ... 13
Annex B (Informative) Maximum particle size recommended ... 17
Annex C (Informative) Typical examples of sample feed and image capture systems
... 22
Bibliography ... 30
Foreword
The following parts have been issued for GB/T 21649, Particle size analysis - Image
analysis methods:
-- Part 1: Static image analysis method;
-- Part 2: Dynamic image analysis methods.
This Part is Part 2 of GB/T 21649.
This Part is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This Part is identical to ISO 13322-2:2006 Particle size analysis - Image analysis
methods - Part 2: Dynamic image analysis methods by the translation method.
The documents of our country that have a consistent correspondence with the
international documents referenced in this Part are as follows:
-- GB/T 21649.1-2008, Particle size analysis - Image analysis methods - Part 1:
Static image analysis method (ISO 13322-1:2004, MOD)
This Part makes the following editorial changes:
-- Correct “methods” in Clause 1 Scope of the international standard to “method”,
and “these methods” to “the method”.
This Part is put forward by and shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical
Committee 168 on Screening and Particles Screen Analysis of Standardization
Administration of China (SAC/TC 168).
Drafting organization of this Part: Beijing Society for Powder Technology, Beijing
Physical and Chemical Analysis and Testing Center, Dandong Bettersize Instruments
Ltd., National Center for Quality Supervision and Inspection of Non-metallic Mineral
Deep Processing Products, China Productivity Center for Machinery, Beijing Hai'an
Hongmeng Standard Substance Technology Co., Ltd., Chizhou Daheng Biochemical
Co., Ltd., National Institute of Metrology, Spectris Instrumentation and Systems
Shanghai Ltd., National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Shanghai Anlikang
Science Instrument Co., Ltd.
Main drafters of this Part: Zhou Suhong, Zhang Tao, Zhang Lixin, Dong Qingyun, Gao
Yuan, Yu Fang, Pan Junjie, Song Zhengqi, Hou Changge, Zhang Wenge, Qin Heyi, Liu
Junjie, Fang Qin, Li Zhaojun, Wang Hai, Fang Rong, Ma Jiang, Li Li, Hou Zhiyun, Gao
Jie, Qi Xiaoying, Zhang Chaoyi, Wang Xiaobing.
Particle size analysis - Image analysis methods - Part 2:
Dynamic image analysis methods
1 Scope
This Part of GB/T 21649 describe a method for controlling the position of moving
particles in a liquid or gas and on a conveyor, as well as the image capture and image
analysis of the particles. The method is used to measure the particle sizes and their
distributions, the particles being appropriately dispersed in the liquid or gas medium or
on the conveyor.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 13322-1:2004 [Translator’s note: should be ISO 13322-2:2004], Particle size
analysis - Image analysis methods - Part 2: Dynamic image analysis methods
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1.1
flow-cell
Measurement cell inside which the fluid-particle mixture flows.
3.1.2
orifice tube
Tube with an aperture through which a stream of fluid with dispersed particles flows.
3.1.3
sheath flow
(1), where t is either the strobe light emission time or camera shutter opening time (see
Figure A.1), i.e.
Without appropriate grey level handling, a shall not exceed either 0.5 pixel or x · (ε2 -
1) pixel, where ε is the ratio of the measured particle diameter to the static particle
diameter.
Grey level handling between pixel level and background level shall ensure that the
measured diameter of binary image b equals the diameter, x, of the static particle.
The total system resolution should be determined based on the particle size distribution
and the desired confidence limits (see ISO 13322-1:2004).
5.3 Calibration and traceability
The equipment shall be calibrated to convert pixels into SI length units (e.g.,
nanometres, micrometres, millimetres) for the final results. The calibration procedure
shall include verification of the uniformity of the field of view. An essential requirement
of the calibration procedure is that all measurements shall be traceable back to the
standard metre. This can be achieved by calibration of the image analysis equipment
with a certified standard stage micrometre.
Movement of particles during the capture of particle images, especially for smaller
particles, may introduce serious error in determining particle sizes. It is therefore
recommended that the whole system be verified with a standard reference material
under motion.
The calibration particles shall be selected to include the dynamic range of the entire
system. It is recommended to calibrate with three sizes of certified particles, i.e. with
values near the maximum, mid-point and minimum particle sizes to be measured with
the system.
5.4 Size classes and magnification
The theoretical limit for resolution of objects by size using image analysis is 1 pixel,
and counts should be stored particle by particle, with the maximum resolution of 1 pixel.
However, it is necessary to define size classes for the final reporting of the result, which
is a function of the total number of particles, the dynamic range and the number of
pixels included in the smallest considered objects. It is recommended that pixel size be
converted to actual size prior to any reporting of size for quantitative analysis.
For a system in which not all the particles are measured, large particles may often be
positioned on an edge of the image frame. Therefore, the magnification shall be selected