GB/T 21551.1-2024 English PDF (GB/T21551.1-2024)

GB/T 21551.1-2024: Antimicrobial and cleaning function of household and similar electrical appliances - Part 1: General requirement
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GB/T 21551.1-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 97.030
CCS Y 60
Replacing GB 21551.1-2008
Antimicrobial and Cleaning Function of Household and
Similar Electrical Appliances - Part 1.General Requirement
ISSUED ON. DECEMBER 31, 2024
IMPLEMENTED ON. JANUARY 1, 2027
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
Introduction... 6
1 Scope... 8
2 Normative References... 8
3 Terms and Definitions... 9
4 Technical Requirements... 12
5 Test Methods... 14
6 Marking and Instructions for Use... 21
Appendix A (normative) Test Method for Inhibition Ring... 23
Appendix B (informative) Common Test Methods for the Antimicrobial, Preventing
Mildew, Antiallergenic, Antiviral, Microbial Reduction, Dust Mite Reduction, Allergen
Reduction, Virus Reduction and Deodorization Functions of Household Appliances 28
Appendix C (normative) Test Method for the Deodorization Function... 30
Bibliography... 34
Antimicrobial and Cleaning Function of Household and
Similar Electrical Appliances - Part 1.General Requirement
1 Scope
This document specifies the hygiene and safety, and functional requirements for household and
similar electrical appliances with the antimicrobial, microbial reduction and cleaning functions,
as well as the marking requirements, and describes the corresponding test methods.
This document applies to the research, development, production and inspection of household
and similar electrical appliances (hereinafter referred to as “household appliances”) with one or
multiple functions of antimicrobia, preventing mildew, antiallergen, antivirus, microbial
reduction, dust mite reduction, allergen reduction, virus reduction and deodorization, etc. Other
electrical appliances may take this as a reference.
This document does not apply to.
---Appliances specifically designed for industrial use;
---Appliances intended for use in special environments where corrosive or explosive gases
(such as. dust, steam and methane, etc.) are often present.
2 Normative References
The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document
through the normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only
versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a
specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 4288-2018 Household and Similar Electrical Washing Machine
GB 4789.2 National Food Safety Standard - Microbiological Examination of Food. Aerobic
Plate Count
GB/T 5296.2 Instructions for Use of Products of Consumer Interest - Part 2.Household and
Similar Electrical Appliances
GB/T 8170 Rules of Rounding off for Numerical Values and Expression and Judgement of
Limiting Values
GB/T 18204.2 Examination Methods for Public Places - Part 2.Chemical Pollutants
GB/T 18801-2022 Air Cleaner
For materials that are explicitly stated to have the antimicrobial function and are in contact with
food or in close contact with the human body during use, the diameter of the inhibition ring
shall not be greater than 10 mm (including the diameter of the sample piece).
For materials that are explicitly stated to have the antimicrobial function or components and
parts containing antimicrobial materials, if they come into contact with food, drinking water or
in close contact with the skin, shall comply with relevant toxicology requirements.
NOTE. toxicology requirements are specified in GB 9685, GB/T 17219 and Safety and Technical
Standards for Cosmetics, etc.
4.2 Requirements for Antimicrobial, Microbial Reduction and Cleaning Functions
4.2.1 Functional requirements for materials and components and parts
For materials that are explicitly stated to have the antimicrobial, preventing mildew,
antiallergenic and antiviral functions, or components and parts made of antimicrobial materials,
preventing mildew materials, antiallergenic materials and antiviral materials, the antimicrobial
rate, preventing mildew level, antiallergenic rate and antiviral rate shall comply with the special
requirements for materials and components and parts in GB/T 21551.2.
4.2.2 Functional requirements for the whole machine
4.2.2.1 Requirements for microbial reduction function
For household appliances that are explicitly stated to have the microbial reduction function, the
microbial reduction rate shall not be lower than 70%.
4.2.2.2 Requirements for dust mite reduction function
For household appliances that are explicitly stated to have the dust mite reduction function, the
dust mite reduction rate shall not be lower than 80%.
4.2.2.3 Requirements for allergen reduction function
For household appliances that are explicitly stated to have the allergen reduction function, the
allergen reduction rate shall not be less than 80%.
4.2.2.4 Requirements for virus reduction function
For household appliances that are explicitly stated to have the virus reduction function, the virus
reduction rate shall not be lower than 99%.
4.2.2.5 Requirements for deodorization function
For household appliances that are explicitly stated to have the deodorization function, the odor
intensity difference by the olfactory identification method shall be greater than 1, or the odor
reduction rate for a single pollutant shall not be less than 90%.
5 Test Methods
5.1 Safety Tips
Microbiological laboratories shall comply with relevant provisions of biosafety standards and
domestic regulations. The laboratories shall comply with the corresponding biosafety level
requirements in GB 19489.The laboratories shall have a biosafety protection level that is
compatible with the hazards; they shall not involve the first and second categories of pathogenic
microorganisms in the Catalogue of Pathogenic Microorganisms Transmissible to Humans.
Tests involving air leakage or drainage leakage shall, in addition to complying with the
corresponding requirements for laboratory emission in GB 19489, also comply with the special
requirements in the relevant product standards.
5.2 Hygiene and Safety Tests
5.2.1 Hygiene and safety tests of the whole machine
5.2.1.1 Requirements for sampling points
If there are executable product-related standards for household appliances that are explicitly
stated to have the microbial reduction and cleaning functions, the hygiene and safety-related
tests shall be carried out in accordance with the methods described in the product standards.
If there are no executable product-related standards for household appliances that are explicitly
stated to have the microbial reduction and cleaning functions, the harmful substances they
produce shall be tested in accordance with the following method.
The appliance shall be placed in an environment with relatively no air flow. The sampling points
shall be perpendicular to the center of each plane of the prototype to be tested. Take the top,
bottom, front, back, left and right, a total of six points. The sampling points shall be consistent
with the actual installation and use of the prototype. If it is a stationary appliance, sampling is
not required at the “bottom” sampling point; if it is a wall-mounted appliance, sampling is not
required at the “rear” sampling point; if it is a ceiling-mounted appliance, sampling is not
required at the “upper” sampling point. Under other situations, this may be taken as a reference
in implementation.
For appliances that can continuously operate, the test shall be carried out after the appliances
have stabilized in operation. For instruments that cannot continuously operate, then, the test
shall be carried out in the explicitly stated operating state. If the appliances have multiple
operating states, the most unfavorable state shall be selected for testing.
5.2.1.2 General measurement instruments
General measurement instruments for the test shall satisfy the following requirements.
a) For the electrical measurement instruments used for type tests, except for the
e) If there are special requirements for ozone removal components and parts, for
example, users shall not be around the appliance or can only enter the space where
the appliance is operating after a specific time, then, the test shall be carried out in
accordance with the explicitly stated time and distance.
5.2.1.4 UV leakage
The UV leakage is tested in accordance with the following steps.
a) At 30 cm on each plane around the appliance, arrange the sampling points;
b) The main wavelength of the UV leakage test is 253.7 nm. If the appliance explicitly
indicates UV rays of other main wavelengths, then, in addition to the main wavelength
test, the UV leakage of the explicitly indicated wavelengths shall be tested;
c) When testing the UV leakage, it is necessary to place the appliance to be tested in a
dark room (with a black radiation barrier to minimize reflection and stray light);
d) Turn on the operating mode of the UV lamp in the appliance to be tested, and after 5
minutes, measure the UV illuminance;
e) Take the maximum value among all points as the test result.
5.2.2 Hygiene and safety tests of components and parts
For materials that are explicitly stated to have the antimicrobial function, the inhibition ring
shall be tested in accordance with the test method described in Appendix A.
For materials that are explicitly stated to have the antimicrobial function or components and
parts containing antimicrobial materials, the toxicology test shall be carried out in accordance
with the test methods described in the relevant standards.
5.3 Antimicrobia, Microbial Reduction and Cleaning Tests
5.3.1 Test of materials and components and parts
For materials that are explicitly stated to have the antimicrobial, preventing mildew,
antiallergenic and antiviral functions, or components and parts made of antimicrobial materials,
preventing mildew materials, antiallergenic materials and antiviral materials, their
antimicrobial rate, preventing mildew level, antiallergenic rate and antiviral rate shall be tested
in accordance with the methods described in GB/T 21551.2.
5.3.2 Test methods for the whole machine
5.3.2.1 Test of microbial reduction function
Household appliances that are explicitly stated to have the microbial reduction function shall
be tested in accordance with the product standards they implement. Common microbial
removal method may be used for testing.
When the odor is attached to the carrier or exists in the air, the olfactory identification method
may be used, and the test can be carried out in accordance with Appendix C.
When the odor is a single pollutant, the odor reduction rate can be used for evaluation.
Depending on the function of the appliance, the target pollutant can be applied to the inside or
outside of the appliance cavity. Select an appropriate initial concentration and run the specified
odor reduction program. By determining the gas concentration before and after the test,
calculate the odor reduction rate. The concentration of the target pollutant is tested in
accordance with the methods described in GB/T 18883, GB/T 18204.2 or other air pollutant
analysis methods specified in other national and industry standards.
6 Marking and Instructions for Use
6.1 Principle
The marking and instructions for use of household appliances that are explicitly stated to have
the antimicrobial, microbial reduction and cleaning functions should reflect the true attributes
of the products, be simple and easy to understand, accurate, scientific, and in line with consumer
habits. They shall not contain explicit or implicit indications that may mislead consumers, and
shall not use false or exaggerated words.
6.2 Basic Requirements
For household appliances that are explicitly stated to have the antimicrobial, microbial
reduction and cleaning functions, the marking shall comply with the requirements of GB/T
5296.2.
6.3 Content
The instructions for use or product identifications of household appliances that are explicitly
stated to have the antimicrobial, microbial reduction and cleaning functions shall include the
following contents.
a) Specific categories of antimicrobial, preventing mildew, antiallergen, antivirus,
microbial reduction and cleaning (dust mite reduction, allergen reduction, virus
reduction and deodorization, etc.) functions;
b) The technical indicators of the antimicrobial, preventing mildew, antiallergenic and
antiviral functions of materials or components and parts of household appliances, the
names of the test pollutants, the locations of the components and parts, and test time,
etc.;
c) The technical indicators of the microbial reduction and cleaning (dust mite reduction,
allergen reduction, virus reduction and deodorization, etc.) functions of the whole
Appendix A
(normative)
Test Method for Inhibition Ring
A.1 Test Principle
The antimicrobial agent is continuously dissolved and diffused through agar to form different
concentration gradients to display the antimicrobial performance. The diameter of the inhibition
ring is used to determine whether it complies with the hygiene and safety requirements of this
document.
A.2 Requirements for Test Samples
A.2.1 Test samples
The samples to be tested are made of antimicrobial components and parts or homogeneous
materials with a diameter of 5 mm and a thickness not exceeding 4 mm.
A.2.2 Control samples
For sterile dry filter papers with a diameter of 5 mm, add 20 L of sterile distilled water to each
piece and dry them.
A.3 Test environment
The test shall adopt aseptic operation techniques, and the laboratory environment shall comply
with the requirements of GB 19489.
A.4 Bacterial Species, Materials, Instruments and Equipment
A.4.1 Test bacteria
Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus CGMCC 1.89, which is equivalent to ATCC 6538P.
Escherichia coli CGMCC 1.2385, which is equivalent to ATCC 25922.
If necessary, ba...