GB/T 21242-2019 English PDF (GBT21242-2019)

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GB/T 21242-2019: Fireworks -- Test methods of qualitative determination of prohibitive and limitative substances
GB/T 21242-2019
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 71.100.30
Y 88
Replacing GB/T 21242-2007
Fireworks - Test methods of qualitative determination
of prohibitive and limitative substances
ISSUED ON: AUGUST 30, 2019
IMPLEMENTED ON: MARCH 01, 2020
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 4 
2 Normative references ... 4 
3 Reagents and solutions ... 5 
4 Sample ... 6 
5 Test method ... 7 
Appendix A (Informative) Reference table of product categories and prohibitive
and limitative substances ... 10 
Fireworks - Test methods of qualitative determination
of prohibitive and limitative substances
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the reagents and solutions, sample preparation and
test methods of qualitative determination of prohibitive and limitative
substances of fireworks.
This Standard applies to the qualitative determination of chlorate, lead
compounds, arsenic compounds, mercury compounds, phosphorus,
magnesium powder (except aluminum-magnesium alloy powder, modified
magnesium powder), gallic acid, hexachlorobenzene, picric acid, and zirconium
powder in fireworks; other single or mixed materials in pyrotechnic powder can
refer it for use.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the dated version applies to this document. For
undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this
document.
GB/T 622, Chemical reagent - Hydrochloric acid
GB/T 626, Chemical reagent - Nitric acid
GB/T 629, Chemical reagent - Sodium hydroxide
GB/T 638, Chemical reagent - Stannous chloride dihydrate
GB/T 640, Chemical reagent - Sodium hydrogen carbonate
GB/T 657, Chemical reagent - Hexaammonium heptamolybdate terahydrate
GB/T 661, Chemical reagent - Ammonium iron (II) sulfate hexahydrate
GB/T 665, Chemical reagent - Copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate
GB/T 678, Chemical reagent - Ethanol
GB/T 690, Chemical reagent - Benzene
3.11 Potassium iodide (GB/T 1272).
3.12 Stannous chloride dihydrate (GB/T 638), 0.5%.
3.13 Zinc granular free from arsenic (GB/T 2304).
3.14 Sodium sulfite anhydrous (HG/T 3472), 20%.
3.15 Copper sulfate (GB/T 665), 5%.
3.16 Ammonium molybdate (GB/T 657), 10%.
3.17 Manganese sulfate (GB/T 15899), 10%.
3.18 Sodium carbonate-sodium hydrogen carbonate buffer solution (pH 8 ~ 9):
Take 25 mL of 0.2 mol/L sodium carbonate (GB 1255) and 75 mL of 0.2 mol/L
sodium hydrogen carbonate (GB/T 640) solution; mix.
3.19 Iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O) (HG/T 3474), 10%.
3.20 Benzene (GB/T 690).
3.21 Aniline (GB/T 2961): Dissolve 50 mL of aniline in 50 mL of ethanol.
3.22 Alizarin red S (JIS K8057), 1%.
4 Sample
4.1 Sample preparation
4.1.1 Dissection
4.1.1.1 According to the product's nominal single-piece (dose), randomly select
the single-piece (dose) sample for dissection; take 10 pieces (doses) if the dose
is less than 2 g; take 5 pieces (doses) if 2 g < dose ≤ 25 g; take 3 pieces (doses)
if the dose is more than 25 g.
4.1.1.2 Remove the fuse, detonating fuse head or friction head; respectively
dissect and separate the powder, granular or mass pyrotechnic powder; after
the drugs of fuse, detonating fuse head or friction tip are dissected and
separated, reserve them separately.
4.1.1.3 For cherry bombs and cracker snaps, remove the outer paper, plastic
tubes and other inert materials; take out the pyrotechnic powder part for use.
4.1.2 Smash
pink, then purple, and dark blue after diffusion, it indicates that there is chlorate.
The detection limit of trace impurities is 0.1%.
5.2 Lead compounds
Pipette 1 mL of 4.3 spare filtrate into a test tube; add 2 drops of potassium
chromate (3.5). If there is a yellow precipitate, which can be dissolved in excess
sodium hydroxide (3.6) or nitric acid (3.7), it means there are lead compounds.
The detection limit of trace impurities is 0.1%.
5.3 Arsenic compounds
5.3.1 Wet the lead acetate (3.8) for absorbent cotton; dry it; store it in a closed
bottle.
5.3.2 Weigh 1.25 g of mercuric bromide (3.9); dissolve in 25 mL of ethanol
(3.10); put the ash-free filter paper into the solution and soak for 1 h; take it out;
dry it in a dark place; store it in a closed brown bottle.
5.3.3 Pipette 1 mL of 4.3 spare filtrate into a test tube; add 6 mL of hydrochloric
acid (3.2); shake well and let stand for 10 minutes; add 1 g of potassium iodide
(3.11) and 0.2 mL of stannous chloride dihydrate (3.12); add 2.5 g of zinc
granular free from arsenic (3.13); insert the lead acetate (5.3.1) into the test
tube; immediately use a mercury bromide test paper (5.3.2) to cover the mouth
of the test tube. If the test paper has yellow spots, it means that there are
arsenic compounds. The detection limit of trace impurities is 0.1%.
5.4 Mercury compounds
5.4.1 Mix potassium iodide (20%) and sodium sulfite (3.14) in a volume of 1:1;
prepare when used.
5.4.2 Pipette 1 mL of 4.3 spare filtrate into a test tube; add 1 mL of potassium
iodide and sodium sulfite mixture (5.4.1); add 2 drops of copper sulfate (3.15).
If orange-red precipitation is formed, it means that there are mercury
compounds. The detection limit of trace impurities is 0.1%.
5.5 Phosphorus
Weigh 0.1 g of sample into a 250 mL beaker; add 5 mL of nitric acid (3.7); heat
to dissolve; filter; take 1 mL of filtrate in a test tube; add 5 drops of nitric acid
(3.7) and 0.5 mL of ammonium molybdate (3.16); shake well; let stand for 10
minutes. If a yellow precipitate is produced, it means that there is phosphorus.
The detection limit of trace impurities is 0.1%.
5.6 Magnesium powder