GB/T 19951-2019 English PDF (GB/T19951-2019)

GB/T 19951-2019: Road vehicles - Disturbances test methods for electrical/electronic component from electrostatic discharge
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GB/T 19951-2019
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.040.10
T 36
Replacing GB/T 19951-2005
Road vehicles - Disturbances test methods for
electrical/electronic component from electrostatic
discharge
(ISO 10605:2008, Road vehicles - Test methods for electrical disturbances
from electrostatic discharge, MOD)
ISSUED ON: JUNE 04, 2019
IMPLEMENTED ON: JANUARY 01, 2020
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 6 
2 Normative references ... 6 
3 Terms and definitions ... 6 
4 Test conditions ... 7 
5 Test location ... 7 
6 Test apparatus and instrumentation ... 8 
7 Discharge modes ... 12 
8 Component test method (DUT powered-up) ... 13 
9 Component test method (DUT unpowered) ... 18 
10 Vehicle test method ... 21 
11 Test report ... 24 
Annex A (Normative) Verification of ESD generator ... 25 
Annex B (Informative) Guidelines for current target design ... 29 
Annex C (Informative) Function performance status classification (FPSC) and
example severity levels ... 42 
Annex D (Informative) Selection guidance for test method of component
discharge ... 45 
Annex E (Informative) Optional test set-up and procedure for components
(powered-up test) ... 48 
Foreword
This Standard is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This Standard replaces GB/T 19951-2005. The main differences between this
Standard and GB/T 19951-2005 are as follows:
- Adjust the terms (see Clause 3; Clause 3 of the 2005 edition);
- ADD test conditions, test location, and discharge modes (see Clauses 4, 5,
and 7);
- There are major modifications to the provisions on test apparatus and
instrumentation (output voltage, discharge resistance, and reduction of
apparatus variety specified) (see Clause 6; Clause 4 of the 2005 edition);
- MAKE major adjustments to the test methods, including component
powered-up test method and vehicle test method (see Clauses 8 and 10;
Clauses 5 and 6 of the 2005 edition);
- Adjust the requirements for evaluation of test results and test report (see
Clauses 8, 9, and 11; Clauses 5~7 of the 2005 edition);
- ADD “Guidelines for current target design”, “Selection guidance for test
method of component discharge”, and “Optional test set-up and procedure
for components (powered-up test)”, to specify the calibration, test methods,
and test procedure of the device (see Annexes B, D, and E);
- CHANGE the function performance status classification to an informative
annex (see Annex C; Annex B of the 2005 edition).
This Standard uses the redraft law to modify and adopt ISO 10605:2008 “Road
vehicles - Test methods for electrical disturbances from electrostatic discharge”.
The structural adjustment of this Standard compared with ISO 10605:2008 is
as follows:
- No subclauses under 6.3;
- No subclauses under 9.3.3;
- ADD 9.3.7;
- Delete C.3 and C.4;
- The content of Annex F of the source text is adjusted to Annex E.
There are technical differences between this Standard and ISO 10605:2008.
The clauses involved in these differences have been marked by a vertical single
line (|) at the blank of the outer margin.
The technical differences between this Standard and ISO 10605:2008 and their
reasons are as follows:
- About normative references, this Standard has made adjustments with
technical differences, to adapt to the technical conditions of China. The
adjustments are reflected in Clause 2 “Normative references”, as follows:
 Delete ISO 7637-1 and ISO 11452-1;
 ADD a reference to GB/T 29259-2012.
- GB/T 29259-2012 has included the terms of electrostatic discharge, human
ESD model, reference plane, and electrostatic discharge simulator
(generator), so delete the 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, and 3.10 contents of the source text.
- In order to clearly describe the contact discharge current waveform, and to
facilitate understanding of the meanings of t1 and t2 in Table 2, with
reference to the relevant standard, below Table 2, ADD Figure 3 “Schematic
diagram for contact discharge mode waveform parameters”. The
subsequent figure numbers change in order.
- ADD the functional requirements after component test, as post-test result
judgement, see 9.3.7.
- The 6.3.2 content of the source text is unnecessary statement, and is easy
to cause misunderstanding, so it is deleted.
This Standard makes the following editorial changes:
- Modify the standard name;
- INCORPORATE the amendments of ISO 10605:2008/Amd 1:2014 and ISO
10605:2008/Cor. 1:2010. The clauses involved in these amendments have
been marked by a vertical double line (ǁ) at the blank of the outer margin;
- For ease of understanding, GIVE a note to the current/test voltage (A/kV)
in Table 2;
- The description of test voltage in 8.4.5 of the source text is the same as that
in 8.3.6. This Standard does not repeat the description but refers to 8.3.6
instead. 9.3.3, 9.3.4, 9.3.5, 9.3.6, 10.3.3 are all treated in this way;
- Delete the comment for “1” in Figure B.1c) “Cut side view” in Annex B of the
source text and change “1” to “M3 screw hole”;
- In order to maintain the unification of expression and understanding of
function performance status classification (FPSC) between several
standards of electromagnetic immunity series, the content of function
performance status classification (FPSC) of Annex C is directly referred to
GB/T 33014.1;
- The source text’s Annex E “Rationale for air discharge generator verification”
is not directly related to the technical requirements and test methods of the
standard, and the drafting is extremely non-standard and so deleted.
This Standard was proposed by Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
of the PRC.
This Standard shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee
of Auto Standardization (SAC/TC 114).
Responsible drafting organizations of this Standard: China Automotive
Technology and Research Center Co., Ltd., Suzhou 3C-Test Electronic Co., Ltd.,
China Electronics Standardization Institute, Changchun Automotive Test Center
Co., Ltd., Shanghai Volkswagen Co., Ltd., Xiangfan Da An Automobile Test
Center, Shanghai Electrical Apparatus Research Institute, Yanfeng Visteon
Electronics Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., SAIC GM Wuling Automobile Co.,
Ltd., Zhengzhou Yutong Bus Co., Ltd., SAIC Motor Passenger Vehicle
Company, SAIC Motor Commercial Vehicle Technical Center, Brilliance Auto
Group Holdings Co., Ltd., Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center Co., Ltd.,
Centre Testing International Group Co., Ltd., Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Group
Corp., Ltd., Shenzhen Hangsheng Electronics Co., Ltd., FAW-Volkswagen
Automotive Co., Ltd., Chery Automobile Co., Ltd., Guangqi Honda Automobile
Co., Ltd., Great Wall Motor Co., Ltd., Guangzhou GRG Metrology and Test Co.,
Ltd.
Participating drafting organizations of this Standard: Bosch Automotive
Products (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Toyota Motor Technical Center (China) Co., Ltd.,
BMW (China) Services Ltd., Mercedes-Benz (China) Automobile Sales Co., Ltd.,
Volkswagen (China) Investment Co., Ltd., Ford Motor (China) Co., Ltd., Jaguar
Land Rover China, Daimler Greater China Ltd., Peugeot Citroen (Shanghai)
Management Co., Ltd.
Main drafters of this Standard: Xu Xiuxiang, Hu Xiaojun, Cui Qiang, Liu Xin, Lin
Yanping, Liu Xinliang, Liu Ketao, Liu Yuan, Cui Weidong, Deng Fuqi, Lu
Changjun, Wu Dingchao, Cao Shanggui, Zou Aihua, Chu Yangang, Li Zheng,
Liu Yingli.
Road vehicles - Disturbances test methods for
electrical/electronic component from electrostatic
discharge
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the test methods for the tolerance of vehicle’s
electrical/electronic components against electrostatic discharge (ESD), which
may be caused by assembly, service, and occupants inside and outside the
vehicle, including component and vehicle level tests.
This Standard applies to electrical/electronic components for type M, N, O, L
vehicles (unlimited vehicle power systems, such as spark ignition engines,
diesel engines, motors).
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For the dated references, only the editions with the dates indicated are
applicable to this document. For the undated references, the latest edition
(including all the amendments) are applicable to this document.
GB/T 29259-2012 Road vehicle - Electromagnetic compatibility terminology
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 29259-2012 and the following apply
to this document.
3.1 Device under test; DUT
Single component or combination of components as defined to be tested.
3.2 Air discharge
Test method characterized by bringing the test generator charging electrode
close to the device under test (DUT); the discharge is by arcing on the DUT.
3.3 Contact discharge
Test method characterized by contact of the test generator electrode with the
DUT, where discharge is initiated by the generator discharge switch.
3.4 Direct discharge
Test method for discharging directly on the DUT.
3.5 Indirect discharge
Test method for discharging on a coupling plane near the DUT. It is generally
used to simulate discharge by a human being on items near the DUT.
3.6 Surface
Uninterrupted housing area, gap or opening of DUT, such as tip switches, points
of contact, air vents, speaker openings.
3.7 Holding time
Interval of time within which the decrease of the test voltage due to leakage,
prior to the discharge, is 10 %.
3.8 Horizontal coupling plane; HCP
Metal plane oriented in horizontal direction, to which discharges are applied to
simulate discharge to objects adjacent to the DUT.
4 Test conditions
The environmental conditions during the test are as follows. When other test
conditions are used, they shall be recorded in the test report:
- Ambient temperature: (25 ± 10) °C;
- Relative humidity between 20 % and 60 % (20 °C and 30 % relative humidity
preferred).
The user shall specify the test level, see Annex C.
5 Test location
It shall be carried out in a laboratory which meets environmental conditions.
Special locations, such as a shielded room or an anechoic chamber, may be
used.
Note: ESD testing creates transient fields, which can interfere with sensitive electronic
devices or receivers, even at a distance of a few meters. It is advisable that this be
considered when choosing a test location.
6 Test apparatus and instrumentation
6.1 ESD generator
The ESD generator should be able to generate a repetition rate of at least 10
discharges per second. Regardless of automatic or manual control, any
degradation of the discharge current waveform shall not occur. In cases where
a 2 m length of the discharge return cable is insufficient (e.g. for tall DUTs), a
length not exceeding 3 m may be used and compliance with the waveform
specifications shall be guaranteed. The characteristic parameters of the ESD
generator are shown in Table 1.
Note: When an ESD generator is supplied from an external supply source or controlled by
a separate unit, this/these cable(s) is/are not combined (bundled) with the ESD
generator discharge return cable, to avoid unintended current flowing through
this/these cable(s).
Table 1 -- Characteristic parameters of ESD generator
6.2 Discharge electrodes
6.2.1 Contact discharge electrode
The electrode for contact discharge is typically made of stainless steel, as
shown in Figure 1.
Dimensions in millimeters
Key:
1 - Sharp point.
Figure 1 -- Contact discharge mode electrode of the ESD generator
6.2.2 Air discharge electrode
The electrode for air discharge is shown in Figure 2. For air discharge at test
voltages higher than 15 kV, larger electrode tip (e.g. 20 mm to 30 mm diameter)
can be used to avoid pre-discharge.
Dimensions in millimeters
Key:
1 - Body of ESD generator.
Figure 2 -- Air discharge mode electrode of the ESD generator
6.3 Contact discharge mode current verification
The contact discharge mode currents shall be verified according to Annex A.
The contact discharge mode waveform parameters shall be in accordance with
Table 2. Examples of calculated contact discharge waveforms in accordance
with Table 2 are given in Figures 4a) and b).
Table 2 -- Contact discharge mode waveform parameters
Figure 3 -- Schematic diagram for contact discharge mode waveform
parameters
Note 1: The peak current is obtained from actual measurement.
Note 2: t1 and t2 are the two times of the falling edge of current pulse. t1=R×C(1-40%); t2=R×C(1+20%); as shown in
Figure 3. It is used to determine whether the current pulse amplitude corresponding to t1 and t2 meets the
requirements of GB/T 17626.2.
Note 3: The current/test voltage (A/kV) is a scaling factor. The current at different test voltages is multiplied by the
scaling factor.
Ipeak
I at t1
I at t2
Key:
X - Time, ns;
Y - Current, A;
1 - 330 pF/330 Ω;
2 - 150 pF/330 Ω.
a) 150 pF/330 pF, 330 Ω
Figure 4 -- Examples of calculated contact discharge waveform (5 kV
test voltage)
Key:
X - Time ,ns;
Y - Current, A;
1 - 330 pF/2 kΩ;
2 - 150 pF/2 kΩ.
b) 150 pF/330 pF, 2 kΩ
Figure 4 (continued)
6.4 Horizontal coupling plane and ground/reference plane
The horizontal coupling plane (HCP) and ground/reference plane (GRP) shall
be metallic sheets (e.g. copper, brass or aluminium) and a minimum thickness
of 0.25 mm. If aluminium is used, care is taken that oxidation does not prevent
a good ground connection. GRP is placed under the non-conductive table.
The HCP shall extend the projected geometry of the DUT (including the cables
connected to the DUT) by at least 0.1 m. The size should be at least 1.6 m ×
0.8 m. The height of the HCP above the GRP shall be between 0.7 m and 1.0
m. The GRP should have at least the dimensions of the HCP.
6.5 Insulation bloc...