GB/T 19276.2-2003 English PDF (GBT19276.2-2003)

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GB/T 19276.2-2003: Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials in an aqueous medium -- Method by analysis of evolved carbon dioxide
GB/T 19276.2-2003
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 83.080.01
G 31
GB/T 19276.2-2003 / ISO 14852:1999
Determination of the Ultimate Aerobic Biodegradability
of Plastic Materials in an Aqueous Medium – Method by
Analysis of Evolved Carbon Dioxide
(ISO 14852:1999, IDT)
ISSUED ON: AUGUST 25, 2003
IMPLEMENTED ON: FEBRUARY 01, 2004
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of PRC
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
Introduction ... 4
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative References ... 6
3 Terms and Definitions ... 6
4 Principle ... 8
5 Test Environment ... 8
6 Reagents ... 9
7 Apparatus ... 12
8 Procedure ... 13
9 Calculation and Expression of Results ... 17
10 Validity of Results ... 19
11 Test Report ... 19
Appendix A (Informative) Principle of a System for Measuring Evolved Carbon
Dioxide (Example) ... 21
Annex B (Informative) Examples of Methods for the Determination of Evolved
Carbon Dioxide ... 23
Annex C (Informative) Example of the Determination of a Carbon Balance .. 26
Annex D (Informative) Example of a Determination of the Amount of Water-
Insoluble Polymer Remaining at the End of a Biodegradation Test and the
Molecular Mass of the Polymer ... 29
Foreword
This Standard equivalently adopts ISO 14852:1999 Determination of Ultimate Aerobic
Biodegradability of Plastic Materials in an Aqueous Medium – Method by Analysis of
Evolved Carbon Dioxide (English Edition). The National Plastics Standardization
Center Biodegradable Materials Working Group conducted a series of laboratory tests
from 1999 to 2002, and developed this Standard on the basis of verification tests.
The Annexes A, B, C, D of this Standard are informative.
This Standard was proposed by China Light Industry Council.
This Standard shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee for
Standardization of Plastics.
Drafting organization of this Standard: Tianjin Danhai Co., Ltd. Participating drafting
organizations of this Standard: Shenzhen Lvwei Technologies Co., Ltd.; Wuhan Huali
Environment Protection Science Technology Co., Ltd.; Ningbo Tianan Biologic Material
Co., Ltd.; Inner Mongolia Mengxi High-Tech Group Co., Ltd.; and China National
Center for Quality Supervision and Test of Plastic Products.
Chief drafting staffs of this Standard: Weng Yunxuan, Liu Jiapan, Chen Jiaqi, Yang
Huidi, Xu Fengxia, Kong Li, Zhang Xianbing, Wang Shihe, Chen Xuejun, Ye Xinjian,
Mao Guoyu, Liu Caixia.
Determination of the Ultimate Aerobic Biodegradability
of Plastic Materials in an Aqueous Medium – Method by
Analysis of Evolved Carbon Dioxide
1 Scope
This Standard specifies a method, by measuring the amount of carbon dioxide evolved,
for the determination of the degree of aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials,
including those containing formulation additives. The test material is exposed in a
synthetic medium under laboratory conditions to an inoculum from activated sludge,
compost or soil.
If an un-adapted activated sludge is used as the inoculum, the test simulates the
biodegradation processes which occur in a natural aqueous environment; if a mixed or
pre-exposed inoculum is used, the method can be used to investigate the potential
biodegradability of a test material.
The conditions used in this Standard do not necessarily correspond to the optimum
conditions allowing maximum biodegradation to occur, but the standard is designed to
determine the potential biodegradability of plastic materials or give an indication of their
biodegradability in natural environments.
The method enables the assessment of the biodegradability to be improved by
calculating a carbon balance (optional, see Annex C).
The method applies to the following materials:
--- Natural and/or synthetic polymers, copolymers or mixtures thereof.
--- Plastic materials which contain additives such as plasticizers, colorants or other
compounds.
--- Water-soluble polymers.
--- Materials which, under the test conditions, do not inhibit the microorganisms
present in the inoculum. Inhibitory effects can be determined using an inhibition
control or by another appropriate method. If the test material is inhibitory to the
inoculum, a lower test concentration, another inoculum or a pre-exposed
inoculum can be used.