GB/T 18385-2024 English PDF (GBT18385-2024)

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GB/T 18385-2024: Battery electric vehicles - Power performance - Test method
GB/T 18385-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.120
CCS T 47
Replacing GB/T 18385-2005
Battery Electric Vehicles - Power Performance - Test Method
ISSUED ON. AUGUST 23, 2024
IMPLEMENTED ON. MARCH 1, 2025
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 6
2 Normative References... 6
3 Terms and Definitions... 6
4 Test Conditions... 8
4.1 Test Vehicle Status... 8
4.2 Environmental Conditions... 8
4.3 Measurement Parameters, Units and Accuracy... 9
4.4 Road Conditions... 9
5 Preparation of Test Vehicle... 11
5.1 Charging of REESS... 11
5.2 Preheating... 11
5.3 Vehicle Test Mass and Load Distribution... 12
6 Test Methods... 13
6.1 General Rules... 13
6.2 Maximum Thirty-minutes Speed Test... 14
6.3 Maximum Speed Test... 15
6.4 Acceleration Ability (v1 to v2) Test... 18
6.5 Speed Uphill Test (not applicable to battery electric vehicles other than Category-M1,
Category-M2 and Category-N1)... 20
6.6 Maximum Gradability Test... 21
6.7 Hill Starting Ability Test... 23
Appendix A (normative) Determination Method for the Correction Factor of Circular
Roads... 24
Appendix B (informative) Test Record Formats... 25
Bibliography... 30
Battery Electric Vehicles - Power Performance - Test Method
1 Scope
This document describes the test method for the power performance of battery electric vehicles.
This document is applicable to Category-M and Category-N battery electric vehicles.
2 Normative References
The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document
through the normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only
versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a
specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 3730.1 Terms and Definitions of Motor Vehicles, Trailers and Combination Vehicle - Part
1.Types
GB/T 3730.2 Road Vehicle - Masses - Vocabulary and Codes
GB/T 8170 Rules of Rounding off for Numerical Values and Expression and Judgement of
Limiting Values
GB/T 12428 Laden Mass Calculating Method for Buses
GB/T 12534 Motor Vehicles - General Rules of Road Test Method
GB/T 12545.1 Measurement Methods of Fuel Consumption for Automobiles - Part 1.
Measurement Methods of Fuel Consumption for Passenger Cars
GB 18352.6-2016 Limits and Measurement Methods for Emissions from Light-duty Vehicles
GB/T 19596-2017 Terminology of Electric Vehicles
GB/T 27840-2021 Fuel Consumption Test Methods for Heavy-duty Commercial Vehicles
3 Terms and Definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 19596-2017, GB/T 3730.1 and GB/T 3730.2, and
the following are applicable to this document.
3.1 rechargeable electrical energy storage system; REESS
An energy storage system that is rechargeable and can provide electrical energy.
NOTE. it is expressed as a percentage of the vertical height of the rampway to the horizontal
distance.
[source. GB/T 12539-2018, 3.2, modified]
3.8 hill starting ability
The maximum slope that the battery electric vehicles can start on a rampway and travel upwards
by at least 10 m within 1 minute.
[source. GB/T 19596-2017, 3.1.3.1.9, modified]
4 Test Conditions
4.1 Test Vehicle Status
4.1.1 The specifications and filling amounts of lubricating oil and coolant for mechanical
moving components shall comply with the vehicle manufacturer's provisions.
4.1.2 The test driver shall follow the operating procedures recommended by the vehicle
manufacturer to operate the REESS at normal operating temperatures.
4.1.3 Except for the purpose of driving, all energy storage systems shall be charged to the
maximum values specified by the vehicle manufacturer (electrical energy, hydraulic pressure
and pneumatic pressure, etc.).
4.1.4 Before the test, the vehicle shall be run-in for a certain mileage with the REESS installed.
It may also be run-in in accordance with the technical requirements of the vehicle manufacturer.
The mileage needs to be greater than 300 km. Meanwhile, the REESS shall undergo at least one
process from the fully charged state to the state of charge alarm, and the power alarm device
shall normally work.
4.1.5 The trailer matched to the tractor shall increase the windward area of the tractor as little
as possible or adopt a trailer recommended by the vehicle manufacturer for the test.
4.2 Environmental Conditions
4.2.1 Ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure
The ambient temperature for outdoor test shall be between 0 C and 40 C. The ambient
temperature for indoor test shall be between 23 C  5 C. The atmospheric pressure shall be
between 91 kPa ~ 104 kPa.
4.2.2 Wind speed
For Category-M1 vehicles and Category-N1 vehicles with a maximum design total mass less
than 2 t, the measurement shall be carried out at 0.7 m above the road surface. For other vehicles,
When the test is conducted in one direction, the longitudinal slope of the straight road shall not
exceed 0.1%.
4.4.2.1.4 Selection of straight-line segment on circular roads
If a part of the circular road satisfies the requirements of 4.4.2.1.1 ~ 4.4.2.1.3, and its centrifugal
inertia reaction force is less than 20% of the test mass of the vehicle and can be compensated
by the transverse slope of the road, then, this part of the circular road can be used as a straight
road measurement zone.
4.4.2.2 Circular roads
4.4.2.2.1 Length of circular roads
The length of the circular roads shall be not less than 2,000 m.
The circular roads are formed by connecting the straight part and approximately circular part.
The radius of curvature of the circular part shall be not less than 200 m, so as to ensure that the
centrifugal force while the vehicle is driving is compensated by the transverse slope of the road,
so that the vehicle can maintain normal driving in the lane when the driver does not perform
any operation on the steering wheel during the test.
4.4.2.2.2 Correction factor of circular roads
In accordance with the test method for determining the correction factor provided in Appendix
A, the correction factor shall not exceed 5%. If the speed regulator or speed limiting device
installed on the test vehicle is functioning, then, no correction is required.
4.4.3 Road conditions for acceleration ability test
The measurement zone shall be a flat, dry, clean concrete or asphalt (or similar) straight road.
The longitudinal slope of the measurement zone shall not exceed 0.1%, and the transverse slope
shall not exceed 3%.
4.4.4 Requirements for test rampway
4.4.4.1 The climbing road is shown in Figure 1.The length of the rampway in the test section
shall be no less than 20 m and can satisfy the length requirements of the test vehicle for the hill
starting ability test. There are gradient sections before and after the test section. The straight
section before the rampway shall not be less than 8 m. The rampway shall have a flat, solid and
dry surface, a uniform slope, and good adhesion properties.
4.4.4.2 The longitudinal slope change rate of the test section shall not be greater than 0.1%, and
the transverse slope change rate shall not be greater than 3...