GB/T 1690-2010 English PDF (GBT1690-2010)

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GB/T 1690-2010: Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic -- Determination of the effect of liquids
GB/T 1690-2010
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 83.060
G 40
Replacing GB/T 1690-2006
Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic –
Determination of the effect of liquids
(ISO 1817.2005, Rubber, vulcanized –
Determination of the effect of liquids, MOD)
ISSUED ON. JANUARY 14, 2011
IMPLEMENTED ON. DECEMBER 01, 2011
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of the People's Republic of China;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of
China.
Table of contents
Foreword ... 3 
Introduction ... 6 
1 Scope ... 8 
2 Normative references ... 8 
3 Test device ... 9 
4 Test liquids ... 11 
5 Test pieces ... 12 
6 Temperature and duration of test liquid immersion ... 14 
7 Procedures ... 14 
8 Test report ... 22 
Appendix A (Normative) Reference liquid ... 24 
Appendix B (Normative) Reference liquid ... 28 
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T
1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 1690-2006 “Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic -
Determination of the effect of liquids”. As compared with GB/T 1690-2006, the
main technical differences of this standard are as follows.
- ADD a test piece type of “measuring of volume changes and mass
changes”, type II. 25 mm x 25 mm square (SEE 5.2);
- CORRECT the equation (1) into
(SEE 7.2);
- ADD an equation (SEE 7.3);
- ADD the Appendix B “Reference liquid”, in order to specify the main
performance of domestic No.1, 2, and 3 standard oils.
This standard, through the re-drafting method, modifies and adopts ISO
1817.2005 “Rubber, vulcanized - Determination of the effects of liquids”
(English version).
The technical differences between this standard and ISO 1817.2005 AND their
causes are as follows.
- CHANGE the standard name into “Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic -
Determination of the effect of liquids”, because the standard scope had
included the thermoplastic rubber.
- On the normative references, this standard has made adjustments with
technical differences, in order to adapt to the technical conditions in China,
AND the adjustments are centrally reflected in Chapter 2 “Normative
references”, which are detailed as below.
• USE the GB/T 262 which had modified and adopted international
standard to replace ISO 2977 (SEE Table A.3 and Table B.1);
• USE the GB/T 528 which had equivalently adopted international
standard to replace ISO 37 (SEE 5.2 and 7.7);
Introduction
The action of a liquid on vulcanized or thermoplastic rubber can generally
result in.
a) Absorption of the liquid by the rubber;
b) Extraction of soluble constituents from the rubber;
c) A chemical reaction with the rubber.
The amount of absorption a) is usually larger than that of extraction b), so that
the net result is an increase in volume, commonly termed “swelling”. The
absorption of liquid can profoundly alter physical and chemical properties and
hence change tensile strength, extensibility and hardness of the rubber, so it is
important to measure these properties after treatment of the rubber. The
extraction of soluble constituents, especially plasticizers and anti-degradants,
can likewise alter the rubber’s physical properties and chemical resistance
after drying (assuming the liquid to be volatile). Therefore, it is necessary to
test these properties following immersion or drying of the rubber.
This standard specifies the test methods necessary for determining the
changes in the following properties.
- Change in mass, volume, and dimensions;
- Extractable matter;
- Change in hardness and tensile stress-strain properties after immersion
and after immersion and drying.
Although in some respects these tests might simulate service conditions, no
direct correction with service behavior is implied. Thus, the rubber giving the
lowest change in volume is not necessarily the best one in service. The
thickness of the rubber needs to be taken into account since the rate of
penetration of liquid is time-dependent and the bulk of a very thick rubber
product might remain unaffected for the whole of the projected service life,
especially with viscous liquids. Moreover, it is known that the action of a liquid
on rubber, especially at high temperature, can be affected by the presence of
atmospheric oxygen. The tests described in this standard can, however,
provide valuable information on the suitability of a rubber for use with a given
liquid and, in particular, constitute a useful control when used for developing
and studying the rubbers resistance to liquids.
Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic –
Determination of the effect of liquids
WARNING. Personnel using this standard shall be familiar with normal
laboratory practice. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety
problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to
establish appropriate safety and health practices AND to ensure compliance
with any national regulatory conditions.
1 Scope
This standard specifies the methods of evaluating the resistance of vulcanized
and thermoplastic rubbers to the action of liquids by measurement of
properties of the rubbers before and after immersion in test liquids. The liquids
concerned include current service liquids, such as petroleum derivatives,
organic solvents, and chemical reagents, etc.
This standard applies to vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For
the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) are applicable to this Standard.
GB/T 262 Petroleum products and hydrocarbon solvents - Determination of
aniline point and mixed aniline point (GB/T 262-2010, ISO 2977.1997,
MOD)
GB/T 265 Petroleum products - Determination of kinematic viscosity and
calculation of dynamic viscosity
GB/T 267 Petroleum products - Determination of flash point and fire points -
Open cup
GB/T 388 Determination of sulfur content of petroleum products (oxygen
bomb method)
GB/T 528 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic - Determination of tensile
stress-strain properties (GB/T 528-2009, ISO 37.2005, IDT)
GB/T 1884 Crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products - Laboratory
determination of density - Hydrometer method (GB/T 1884-2000, eqv ISO
3675.1998)
GB/T 2941 Rubber - General procedures for preparing and conditioning test
pieces for physical test methods (GB/T 2941-2006, ISO 23529.2004, IDT)
GB/T 3535 Petroleum products - Determination of pour point (GB/T
3535-2006, ISO 3016.1994, MOD)
GB/T 3536 Petroleum products - Determination of flash and fire points -
Cleveland open cup method (GB/T 3536-2008, ISO 2592.2000, MOD)
GB/T 6031 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic - Determination of hardness
(10 ~ 100 IRHD) (GB/T 6031-1998, idt ISO 48.1994)
GB/T 11547 Plastic - Method of test for determination of the effects of
immersion in liquid chemicals (GB/T 11547-2008, ISO 175.1999, MOD)
ISO 3104 Petroleum products - Transparent and opaque liquids -
Determination of kinematic viscosity and calculation of dynamic viscosity
ISO 5661 Petroleum products - Hydrocarbon liquids - Determination of
refractive index
3 Test device
3.1 Total immersion dev...