GB/T 16886.15-2022 English PDF (GBT16886.15-2022)

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GB/T 16886.15-2022: Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 15: Identification and quantification of degradation products from metals and alloys
GB/T 16886.15-2022
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 11.100.20
CCS C 30
GB/T 16886.15-2022 / ISO 10993-15:2019
Replacing GB/T 16886.15-2003
Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices – Part 15:
Identification and Quantification of Degradation Products
from Metals and Alloys
(ISO 10993-15:2019, IDT)
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 30, 2022
IMPLEMENTED ON: JANUARY 01, 2024
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
Introduction ... 6
1 Scope ... 9
2 Normative References ... 9
3 Terms and Definitions ... 11
4 Degradation Test Methods ... 12
4.1 General ... 12
4.2 Prerequisites ... 13
5 Reagent and Sample Preparation ... 13
5.1 Sample documentation ... 13
5.2 Test solution (electrolyte)... 13
5.3 Preparation of test samples ... 13
6 Electrochemical Tests ... 14
6.1 Apparatus ... 14
6.2 Sample preparation ... 15
6.3 Test conditions ... 15
6.4 Potentiodynamic measurements... 15
6.5 Potentiostatic measurements ... 17
7 Immersion Test ... 18
7.1 Apparatus ... 18
7.2 Sample preparation ... 18
7.3 Immersion test procedure ... 18
8 Analysis ... 19
9 Test Report ... 20
Annex A (Informative) Electrolytes for the Electrochemical Tests ... 22
Annex B (Informative) Schematic Diagram of the Electrochemical Measuring Circuit ... 23
Annex C (Informative) Schematic Drawing of an Electrolytic Cell ... 24
Bibliography ... 25
Foreword
This Document was drafted as per the rules specified in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for
Standardization – Part 1: Rules for the Structure and Drafting of Standardizing Documents.
This Document is Part 15 of GB/T (Z) 16886 Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices. GB/T
(Z) 16886 has published the following parts:
--- Part 1: Evaluation and Testing within a Risk Management Process;
--- Part 2: Animal Welfare Requirements;
--- Part 3: Tests for Genotoxicity, Carcinogenicity and Reproductive Toxicity;
--- Part 4: Selection of Tests for Interactions with Blood;
--- Part 5: Tests for in Vitro Cytotoxicity;
--- Part 6: Tests for Local Effects after Implantation;
--- Part 7: Ethylene Oxide Sterilization Residuals;
--- Part 9: Framework for Identification and Quantification of Potential Degradation
Products;
--- Part 10: Tests for Irritation and Skin Sensitization;
--- Part 11: Tests for Systemic Toxicity;
--- Part 12: Sample Preparation and Reference Materials;
--- Part 13: Identification and Quantification of Degradation Products from Polymeric
Medical Devices;
--- Part 14: Identification and Quantification of Degradation Products from Ceramics;
--- Part 15: Identification and Quantification of Degradation Products from Metals and
Alloys;
--- Part 16: Toxicokinetic Study Design for Degradation Products and Leachable;
--- Part 17: Establishment of Allowable Limits for Leachable Substances;
--- Part 18: Chemical Characterization of Medical Device Materials within a Risk
Management Process;
--- Part 19: Physic-Chemical Morphological and Topographical Characterization of
Materials;
--- Part 20: Principles and Methods for Immunotoxicology Testing of Medical Devices;
--- Part 22: Guidance to Nanomaterials.
This Document replaced GB/T 16886.15-2003 Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices - Part
15: Identification and Quantification of Degradation Products from Metals and Alloys.
Compared with GB/T 16886.15-2003, the major technical changes of this Document are as
follows besides the structural adjustments and editorial modifications:
a) Add the scope of application of the document, that is, the description of "this Document
applies to materials that are expected to degrade in vivo and materials that are not
expected to degrade" (see Clause 1 of this Edition);
b) Add information on test methods for nanomaterials and other related materials (see 4.1
of this Edition);
c) Add more test solutions (electrolytes) (see 5.2 of this Edition);
d) Add more sample shapes (see 5.3.3 of this Edition);
e) Add the specific content of the immersion test (see Clause 7 of this Edition).
This Document equivalently adopts ISO 10993-15:2019 Biological Evaluation of Medical
Devices – Part 15: Identification and Quantification of Degradation Products from Metals and
Alloys.
This Document made the minimum editorial modifications as follows:
--- Add the NOTEs to Figures 1 and 2.
Please note some contents of this Document may involve patents. The issuing agency of this
Document shall not assume the responsibility to identify these patents.
This Document was proposed by National Medical Products Administration.
This Document shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Biological
Evaluation on Medical Device of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 248).
Drafting organizations of this Document: Shandong Institute of Medical Devices and Drug
Packaging Inspection; and Peking University.
Chief drafting staffs of this Document: Liu Aijuan, Bo Xiaowen, Zheng Yufeng, Liu Chunyue,
and Xia Dandan.
The historical editions replaced by this Document are as follows:
Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices – Part 15:
Identification and Quantification of Degradation Products
from Metals and Alloys
1 Scope
This Document specifies general requirements for the design of tests for identifying and
quantifying degradation products from final metallic medical devices or corresponding material
samples finished as ready for clinical use.
This Document applies to materials that are expected and unintended to degrade in vivo and to
degradation products that result from chemical changes in the final metallic device during in
vitro degradation tests.
This Document does not apply to the evaluation of degradation occurring by purely mechanical
processes; the methodology for producing such degradation products is described in the specific
product standard, if available. This document does not cover the biological activity of
degradation products.
NOTE 1: Due to the nature of the in vitro test, the test results approximate the in vivo behavior of the
implant or material. The described chemistry is a means to generate degradation products for further
evaluation.
NOTE 2: Pure mechanical degradation mainly produces particulate debris. Although not included in the
scope of this Document, such degradation products can cause biological reactions, and perform
biological evaluation according to the methods described in other parts of GB/T(Z) 16886.
NOTE 3: Due to the wide variety of metallic materials used in medical devices, there is no specific
analytical technique to determine the quantification of degradation products. This document does not
involve the characterization of trace elements (mass fraction < 10-6) contained in specific metals or alloys,
nor does it provide specific requirements for acceptable levels of degradation products.
2 Normative References
The provisions in following documents become the essential provisions of this Document
through reference in this Document. For the dated documents, only the versions with the dates
indicated are applicable to this Document; for the undated documents, only the latest version
(including all the amendments) is applicable to this Document.
7 Immersion Test
7.1 Apparatus
7.1.1 Test cells of borosilicate glass, of appropriate sizes, in accordance with ISO 3585, with...