GB/T 16716.1-2008 English PDF (GB/T16716.1-2008)

GB/T 16716.1-2008: Packaging and packaging waste -- Part 1: General rules of disposal and utilization
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GB/T 16716.1-2008
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 55.020
A 80
Replacing GB/T 16716.1-1996
Packaging and packaging waste -
Part 1. General rules of disposal and utilization
包装与包装废弃物
ISSUED ON. JULY 18, 2008
IMPLEMENTED ON. JANUARY 01, 2009
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
Introduction ... 5 
1 Scope ... 6 
2 Normative references ... 6 
3 Terms and definitions ... 7 
4 Requirements ... 8 
5 Methods... 10 
6 Effectiveness evaluation criteria ... 11 
7 Packaging recycling mark... 12 
Foreword
GB/T 16716 "Packaging and Packaging Waste" is divided into 7 parts.
- Part 1. General rules of disposal and utilization;
- Part 2. Means and program for evaluation;
- Part 3. Prevention by source reduction;
- Part 4. Reuse;
- Part 5. Recoverable by material recycling;
- Part 6. Recoverable by energy recovery;
- Part 7. Recoverable by composting and biodegradation.
This part is the first part of GB/T 16716.
The main technical contents of this part are formulated with reference to EU
Directive 94/62/EC on Packaging and Packaging Waste. The terminology and
the specified heavy metal content index in this part are equivalent to 94/62/EC.
The main technical differences between this part and 94/62/EC are as follows.
- CHANGE the format and presentation of the layout applicable to EU
regulations to the format and presentation applicable to Chinese standards;
- It does not specify the recycling regeneration rate and recovery rate of
various packaging materials;
- CHANGE the incineration commands and landfill directives quoted by the
directive to the corresponding mandatory standards in China.
This part replaces GB/T 16716-1996 “General rules of packaging waste
disposal and utilization”.
As compared with GB/T 16716-1996, the main changes in this part are as
follows.
- DELETE clause 4 “Classification” of the original standard;
- CHANGE the clause 5 “Basic requirements” of the original standard to the
clause 4 “Requirements” of this part, including basic requirements, reuse,
recycling and final disposal;
- DELETE the clause 9 “Storage and transportation” of the original standard.
Packaging and packaging waste -
Part 1. General rules of disposal and utilization
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 16716 specifies the requirements, methods, effect evaluation
criteria and recycling marks for the handling and utilization of packaging and
packaging waste.
This part applies to the design, production, use and disposal of packaging. It is
not applicable to dangerous goods packaging.
2 Normative references
The clauses in the following documents become the provisions of this part by
reference in this part of GB/T 16716. For the dated references, the subsequent
amendments (excluding corrections) or revisions do not apply to this standard;
however, parties who reach an agreement based on this standard are
encouraged to study if the latest versions of these documents are applicable.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document applies.
GB/T 4122.1 Packaging terms - Part 1. Basic
GB 16297 Comprehensive emission standard of air pollutants
GB 16889 Standard for pollution control on the landfill site of municipal solid
waste
GB 18455 Package recycling marking
GB 18484 Pollution control standard for hazardous wastes incineration
GB 18485 Standard for pollution control on the municipal solid waste
incineration
GB 18599 Standard for pollution on the storage and disposal site for general
industrial solid wastes
GB/T 18772 Technical requirement for environmental monitor on landfill site
of domestic refuse
structure of packaging waste materials by the action of microbial activity,
particularly enzymes.
3.7
Compost
Techniques and methods for obtaining organic soil (containing a certain
amount of mineral components) by biodegradation of a mixture of packaging
waste and different plant residues therein.
4 Requirements
4.1 Basic requirements
4.1.1 The design, manufacture and use of packaging materials, containers and
aids shall facilitate the recovery, sorting and disposal of them after becoming
wastes.
4.1.2 Packaging shall reduce the amount of materials used to fully reduce the
amount of packaging waste under conditions that adequately protect the
product, meet safety, hygiene and environmental requirements, and meet
consumer needs.
4.1.3 The total content of heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury and
hexavalent chromium in packaging and packaging materials shall not exceed
100 mg/kg. In the event of irreplaceability, the use of hazardous chemicals shall
be carried out under foreseeable conditions, and the amount shall be controlled
to an appropriate degree, to reduce the adverse influence of the packaging
wastes on environment during recovery.
4.2 Reuse
Reusable packaging shall meet the following requirements.
- The physical properties and technical characteristics of the packaging shall
be such that it can be used or reciprocated several times under normal
foreseeable conditions of use;
- There shall be stable and reliable technical measures, used containers are
kept clean and hygienic, to ensure the safety and health of operators;
- The container shall be easy to unload or empty, its volume or quantitative
meets the expected requirements, the original function can be maintained
through washing and maintenance operations;
- When the packaging is no longer reused as waste, it shall meet the
5.3.3 Closed barrels, cans or similar packaging containers shall be dismantled,
the tinned metal packaging containers and materials shall be removed of tin in
advance.
5.4 Glass packaging container
5.4.1 Glass packaging containers are treated as required by 4.3.1.
5.4.2 The recycling process of glass packaging containers shall be pre-
classified by color and be removed of auxiliary materials or residues such as
metals and their oxides.
5.5 Wood packaging containers and materials
5.5.1 Wood packaging shall be treated in accordance with the requirements of
4.3. When biologically infested, it shall be treated in accordance with 4.4.2.
5.5.2 Wood packaging may be disassembled or electromagnetically separated
after pulverization, to remove metal accessories or metal nails for use as a raw
material for papermaking or wood-based panels.
5.6 Other packaging containers and materials
5.6.1 Composite materials such as composite tanks, composite hoses and
aluminum foil composite membranes shall be treated in accordance with the
requirements of 4.3.2.
5.6.2 For packaging containers or materials in which a plurality of materials are
composited, two or more materials may be separated by special equipment.
5.6.3 When the packaging of the composite material is a specific product, and
its source is continuous and stable, it can be chopped into particles of a certain
size, to be added as a filler to the resin to make a certain amount of recycling
materials or products.
5.6.4 Magnesite packaging containers and materials can be landfilled after
crushing.
6 Effectiveness evaluation criteria
6.1 The comprehensive effect assessment of the disposal and use of packaging
waste shall include the economic, social and environmental costs of the
package, i.e. a comprehensive examination of the direct and potential impacts
of the packaging on the safety, health and environment during its life cycle; the
cost of all management departments and enterprises in the packaging chain;
consumer evaluation; the protection function and use effect of the packaging
as well as the commercial value created thereby. The specific content shall
GB/T 16716.1-2008
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 55.020
A 80
Replacing GB/T 16716.1-1996
Packaging and packaging waste -
Part 1. General rules of disposal and utilization
包装与包装废弃物
ISSUED ON. JULY 18, 2008
IMPLEMENTED ON. JANUARY 01, 2009
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
Introduction ... 5 
1 Scope ... 6 
2 Normative references ... 6 
3 Terms and definitions ... 7 
4 Requirements ... 8 
5 Methods... 10 
6 Effectiveness evaluation criteria ... 11 
7 Packaging recycling mark... 12 
Foreword
GB/T 16716 "Packaging and Packaging Waste" is divided into 7 parts.
- Part 1. General rules of disposal and utilization;
- Part 2. Means and program for evaluation;
- Part 3. Prevention by source reduction;
- Part 4. Reuse;
- Part 5. Recoverable by material recycling;
- Part 6. Recoverable by energy recovery;
- Part 7. Recoverable by composting and biodegradation.
This part is the first part of GB/T 16716.
The main technical contents of this part are formulated with reference to EU
Directive 94/62/EC on Packaging and Packaging Waste. The terminology and
the specified heavy metal content index in this part are equivalent to 94/62/EC.
The main technical differences between this part and 94/62/EC are as follows.
- CHANGE the format and presentation of the layout applicable to EU
regulations to the format and presentation applicable to Chinese standards;
- It does not specify the recycling regeneration rate and recovery rate of
various packaging materials;
- CHANGE the incineration commands and landfill directives quoted by the
directive to the corresponding mandatory standards in China.
This part replaces GB/T 16716-1996 “General rules of packaging waste
disposal and utilization”.
As compared with GB/T 16716-1996, the main changes in this part are as
follows.
- DELETE clause 4 “Classification” of the original standard;
- CHANGE the clause 5 “Basic requirements” of the original standard to the
clause 4 “Requirements” of this part, including basic requirements, reuse,
recycling and final disposal;
- DELETE the clause 9 “Storage and transportation” of the original standard.
Packaging and packaging waste -
Part 1. General rules of disposal and utilization
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 16716 specifies the requirements, methods, effect evaluation
criteria and recycling marks for the handling and utilization of packaging and
packaging waste.
This part applies to the design, production, use and disposal of packaging. It is
not applicable to dangerous goods packaging.
2 Normative references
The clauses in the following documents become the provisions of this part by
reference in this part of GB/T 16716. For the dated references, the subsequent
amendments (excluding corrections) or revisions do not apply to this standard;
however, parties who reach an agreement based on this standard are
encouraged to study if the latest versions of these documents are applicable.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document applies.
GB/T 4122.1 Packaging terms - Part 1. Basic
GB 16297 Comprehensive emission standard of air pollutants
GB 16889 Standard for pollution control on the landfill site of municipal solid
waste
GB 18455 Package recycling marking
GB 18484 Pollution control standard for hazardous wastes incineration
GB 18485 Standard for pollution control on the municipal solid waste
incineration
GB 18599 Standard for pollution on the storage and disposal site for general
industrial solid wastes
GB/T 18772 Technical requirement for environmental monitor on landfill site
of domestic refuse
structure of packaging waste materials by the action of microbial activity,
particularly enzymes.
3.7
Compost
Techniques and methods for obtaining organic soil (containing a certain
amount of mineral components) by biodegradation of a mixture of packaging
waste and different plant residues therein.
4 Requirements
4.1 Basic requirements
4.1.1 The design, manufacture and use of packaging materials, containers and
aids shall facilitate the recovery, sorting and disposal of them after becoming
wastes.
4.1.2 Packaging shall reduce the amount of materials used to fully reduce the
amount of packaging waste under conditions that adequately protect the
product, meet safety, hygiene and environmental requirements, and meet
consumer needs.
4.1.3 The total content of heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury and
hexavalent chromium in packaging and packaging materials shall not exceed
100 mg/kg. In the event of irreplaceability, the use of hazardous chemicals shall
be carried out under foreseeable conditions, and the amount shall be controlled
to an appropriate degree, to reduce the adverse influence of the packaging
wastes on environment during recovery.
4.2 Reuse
Reusable packaging shall meet the following requirements.
- The physical properties and technical characteristics of the packaging shall
be such that it can be used or reciprocated several times under normal
foreseeable conditions of use;
- There shall be stable and reliable technical measures, used containers are
kept clean and hygienic, to ensure the safety and health of operators;
- The container shall be easy to unload or empty, its volume or quantitative
meets the expected requirements, the original function can be maintained
through washing and maintenance operations;
- When the packaging is no longer reused as waste, it shall meet the
5.3.3 Closed barrels, cans or similar packaging containers shall be dismantled,
the tinned metal packaging containers and materials shall be removed of tin in
advance.
5.4 Glass packaging container
5.4.1 Glass packaging containers are treated as required by 4.3.1.
5.4.2 The recycling process of glass packaging containers shall be pre-
classified by color and be removed of auxiliary materials or residues such as
metals and their oxid...