GB/T 15468-2020 English PDF (GBT15468-2020)

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GB/T 15468-2020: Fundamental technical requirements for hydraulic turbines
GB/T 15468-2020
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 27.140
K 55
Replacing GB/T 15468-2006
Fundamental technical requirements for hydraulic
turbines
ISSUED ON: JUNE 02, 2020
IMPLEMENTED ON: DECEMBER 01, 2020
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
Introduction ... 5 
1 Scope ... 6 
2 Normative references ... 6 
3 Terms and definitions ... 8 
4 Technical requirements ... 30 
5 Performance guarantee ... 44 
6 Basic functions of turbine control system ... 48 
7 Scope of supply and spare parts ... 49 
8 Data and drawings ... 51 
9 Factory inspection and testing ... 53 
10 Nameplate, packaging, transportation and storage ... 58 
11 Installation, operation, maintenance, acceptance test ... 60 
Appendix A (Normative) The efficiency correction formula of the reaction turbine
... 62 
Appendix B (Normative) The efficiency correction formula of impulse turbine 64 
Appendix C (Normative) Recommended evaluation area for peak-to-peak value
of relative vibration displacement of main shaft ... 67 
Appendix D (Informative) Instruments for basic configuration of hydraulic
turbine ... 68 
Appendix E (Informative) Spare parts list of hydraulic turbine ... 69 
Fundamental technical requirements for hydraulic
turbines
1 Scope
This standard specifies the performance guarantee, technical requirements,
scope of supply, inspection and test items for the design and manufacture of
hydraulic turbine products; proposes the requirements to be followed, for its
packaging, transportation, storage, installation, operation, maintenance.
This standard applies to hydraulic turbine products, that meet one of the
following conditions:
a) The rated power is 10 MW and above;
b) For Francis and impulse turbines, the nominal diameter of the runner is
1.0 m and above;
c) For Kaplan, Deriaz and bulb turbine, the nominal diameter of the runner is
3.0 m and above.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For
the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) is applicable to this standard.
GB/T 191 Packaging - Pictorial marking for handling of goods (GB/T 191-
2008, ISO 780:1997, MOD)
GB/T 2900.45 Electrotechnical terminology - Hydroelectric powerplant
machinery (GB/T 2900.45-2006, IEC/TR 61364:1999, MOD)
GB/T 3323.1 Non-destructive testing of welds - Radiographic testing - Part
1: X-and gamma-ray techniques with film
GB/T 8564 Specification for installation of hydraulic turbine generator Unit
GB/T 9239.1 Mechanical vibration - Balance quality requirements for rotors
in a constant (rigid) state - Part 1: Specification and verification of balance
tolerances (GB/T 9239.1-2006, ISO 1940-1: 2003, IDT)
GB/T 9797 Metallic coatings - Electroplated coatings of nickel plus chromium
and of copper plus nickel plus chromium (GB/T 9797-2005, ISO 1456:2003,
IDT)
GB/T 10969 Specification for water passage components of hydraulic
turbines, storage pumps and pump-turbines
GB 11120 Lubricating oils for turbines
GB/T 11345 Non-destructive testing of welds - Ultrasonic testing -
Techniques, testing levels, and assessment
GB/T 11805 General specifications of automatic control components
(devices) and their related system for hydroturbine-generating sets
GB/T 15469.1 Hydraulic turbines storage pumps and pump-turbines
cavitation pitting evaluation - Part 1: cavitation pitting evaluation in reaction
turbines (GB/T 15469.1-2008, IEC 60609-1: 2004, MOD)
GB/T 15613 (all parts) Model acceptance tests of hydraulic turbines storage
pumps and pump-turbine
GB/T 17189 Code for field measurement of vibrations and pulsation in
hydraulic machines (turbines, storage pumps and pump-turbines) (GB/T
17189-2017, IEC 60994:1991, MOD)
GB/T 19184 Cavitation pitting evaluation in Pelton turbines (GB/T 19184-
2003, IEC 60609-2:1997, MOD)
GB/T 20043 Field acceptance test to determine the hydraulic performance
of hydraulic turbine, storage pumps and pump-turbines (GB/T 20043-2005,
IEC 60041:1991, MOD)
GB/T 28546 Specification for package, transportation and storage of large
and medium hydraulic units
GB/T 32584 Evaluation of mechanical vibration for machine sets in hydraulic
power plants and pump-storage plants
DL/T 443 Guide for factory inspection of hydraulic turbine generator unit and
its auxiliary equipment
DL/T 507 Testing regulations for hydroelectric generating set start-up
DL/T 710 Code of operation for hydraulic turbines
allowable runaway time.
4.2.1.8 For the Francis and impulse turbines, the runners should be made of
stainless steel. For the Kaplan and bulb turbines, the blades should be made of
stainless steel. Other cavitation-prone parts of the turbine should be made of
anti-cavitation materials OR take necessary protective measures. If the
cavitation-prone parts are surfacing stainless steel, the thickness of the
stainless steel layer, after processing, shall not be less than 5 mm.
4.2.1.9 Lifting facilities should be provided on the top of the turbine chamber.
4.2.1.10 When performing shafting calculation, the mass imbalance of the
runner is calculated according to the grade G6.3 in GB/T 9239.1.
4.2.1.11 The runner shall be subjected to a static balance test. The mass
imbalance of the runner, after static balance, shall meet the requirements of
grade G6.3 in GB/T 9239.1.
4.2.1.12 The maximum temperature of the babbitt bearing bush of the thin oil-
lubricated guide bearing of the hydraulic turbine, under various operating
conditions, shall not exceed 70 °C. The maximum temperature of the radial
thrust bearing bush of the horizontal-shaft turbine shall not exceed 70 °C. The
maximum temperature of the oil does not exceed 60 °C.
4.2.1.13 The hydraulic moment of the guide vane of the reaction turbine should
have a self-closing trend, from near the full opening to near the no-load opening.
The water guide mechanism shall be equipped with reliable protection devices
(such as shear pins, friction pairs, limit blocks, etc.), to prevent damage to the
guide vane and the expansion of the accident. The design of the limit block shall
have sufficient rigidity; it should provide a buffer pad. For the protection device
combined with the friction device and the shear pin, the breaking force of the
shear pin should not be less than 1.5 times the force on the shear pin, which is
applied by the servomotor at rated operating force. It should provide hydraulic
and manual locking devices, in the fully closed position; it should provide
manual locking devices, in the fully open position.
4.2.1.14 There should be a difference in hardness, between the movable
wearing ring and the corresponding fixed wearing ring.
4.2.1.15 The arrangement of top cover drainage equipment of the hydraulic
turbine should be one in-use and one standby; if necessary, it may be one in-
use and two standby. If the top cover of the vertical-shaft turbine has the
conditions of gravity drainage, it shall provide a sufficiently large gravity
drainage channel.
4.2.1.16 For the reaction turbine, the design of the metal volute and seat ring
shall be such, that they can bear the design pressure alone (the maximum
momentary pressure in the vol...