GB/T 1457-2022 English PDF (GBT1457-2022)

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GB/T 1457-2022: Test method for climbing drum peel strength of sandwich constructions
GB/T 1457-2022
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 83.120
CCS Q 23
Replacing GB/T 1457-2005
Test Method for Climbing Drum Peel Strength of Sandwich
Constructions
ISSUED ON: APRIL 15, 2022
IMPLEMENTED ON: NOVEMBER 1, 2022
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 5 
2 Normative References ... 5 
3 Terms and Definitions ... 5 
4 Test Principle ... 6 
5 Test Equipment ... 6 
6 Specimen ... 7 
7 Test Conditions and State Adjustment ... 9 
8 Test Procedures ... 9 
9 Test Results and Processing ... 10 
10 Test Report ... 12 
Bibliography ... 13 
Test Method for Climbing Drum Peel Strength of Sandwich
Constructions
1 Scope
This document specifies the test principle, test equipment, specimens, test conditions and state
adjustment, test procedures, test results and processing, and test report of climbing drum peel
strength of sandwich constructions.
This document is applicable to the determination of climbing drum peel strength of flexible
faceplate sandwich constructions, and the determination of climbing drum peel strength of other
assemblies with optional adhesives.
2 Normative References
The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document
through the normative references in this text. In terms of references with a specified date, only
versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a
specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 1446 Fiber-reinforced Plastics Composites - The Generals for Determination of
Properties
GB/T 3961 Terms for Fiber Reinforced Plastics
3 Terms and Definitions
What is defined in GB/T 3961, and the following terms and definitions are applicable to this
document.
3.1 Climbing Drum Peel Strength
Climbing drum peel strength refers to the moment of resistance to peeling per unit breadth when
the faceplate is separated from the core.
3.2 Nominal Climbing Drum Peel Strength
Nominal climbing drum peel strength refers to the climbing drum peel strength without
compensating for faceplate resistance force load.
3.3 Resistance Force
Resistance force refers to the load required to overcome the bending of the faceplate and the
Figure 2 -- Shape and Size of Specimen
6.2 For the orthotropic sandwich constructions, the specimens shall be divided into two types:
longitudinal and transverse.
6.3 For wet-formed sandwich construction products, the specimens shall be divided into two
types: peeling the upper faceplate and peeling the lower faceplate.
6.4 When the specimen thickness is less than 10 mm or when the bending stiffness of the
sandwich construction specimen is relatively small, on the non-peeling faceplate, stick a
reinforcing material, for example, wood, with a thickness of greater than 10 mm, as it is shown
in Figure 3. The bonding curing temperature shall be room temperature or at least 30 C lower
than the bonding curing temperature of the sandwich construction.
6.5 The non-peeling faceplates and cores at both ends of the specimen shall respectively be cut
by 30 mm, leaving the peeled faceplates (see Figure 2 and Figure 3) for connection with the
drum and the clamp (see Figure 1).
6.6 For the faceplate specimen used for the resistance force test, the material, thickness and
breadth shall be the same as those of the peeled faceplate. Or after the peeling test, determine
them in accordance with the condition of peeling. When the faceplate with the adhesive layer
is separated from the sandwich construction, the faceplate with the adhesive layer shall be cut
from the sandwich construction for the resistance force test.
NOTE 1: the resistance force test adopts the ascending-type drum to test a single faceplate, so as
to obtain the resistance force load required to overcome the bending of the faceplate and
the rise of the drum.
NOTE 2: the resistance force load of partial sandwich construction peeling (for example, low-
density core sandwich) is not only from the faceplate and the drum, but also from the
adhesive layer and other factors.
6.7 The quantity of the specimens shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 1446.
7 Test Conditions and State Adjustment
Comply with the stipulations of GB/T 1446.
8 Test Procedures
8.1 The appearance inspection of the specimens shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T
1446.
8.2 Number the qualified specimens; measure the breadth at any 3 points of the specimens and
take the arithmetic mean; the thickness of the peeled faceplate shall take the nominal thickness
of the faceplate, or measure the thickness at 10 points of the peeled faceplate of the same batch
of specimens and take the arithmetic mean; the measurement accuracy shall comply with the
stipulations of GB/T 1446. For the sandwich construction specimens with a lattice core, record
the number of lattice walls in the breadth direction.
8.3 Respectively connect both ends of the peeled faceplate of the specimen to the upper clamp
and the drum, so that the axis of the specimen is perpendicular to the axis of the drum. Then,
connect the upper clamp to the testing machine and adjust the zero-load point of the testing
machine; connect the lower clamp to the testing machine.
8.4 In accordance with the specified loading speed, carry out the test. The loading speed is
generally 20 mm/min ~ 30 mm/min. During the arbitration test, the loading speed is 25 mm/min.
Select one of the following methods to record the peel load:
a) Use an automatic recording device to record the load - peeling distance curve;
b) When there is no automatic recording device, about 5 s after the start of applying the
load, at a certain time interval, read and record the load; the number of readings shall
not be less than 10.
8.5 When the specimen is peeled to 150 mm ~ 180 mm, it may be unloaded.
8.6 In accordance with the following conditions, determine whether the resistance force test
shall be carried out:
a) If there is no failure, for example, delamination or breakage, on the faceplate after
peeling, then, choose a blank faceplate (or a faceplate with an adhesive layer) and
carry out the resistance force test in accordance with the steps 8.3 ~ 8.5;
b) If there is a failure, for example, delamination or breakage, on the faceplate after
peeling, or the faceplate compensation is not considered, no resistance force test is
required, and the test shall be terminated.
8.7 Record the failure patterns. Table 1 manifests the designation of typical failure patterns. The
failure patterns not listed in the table shall be described and recorded in appropriate words.
9.2 If there is resistance force test, in accordance with the value-taking method of average peel
load in 9.1, obtain the average resistance force load.
9.3 The average climbing drum peel strength shall be calculated in accordance with Formula
(1):
Where,
M---the average climbing drum peel strength, expressed in [(N  mm)/mm];
Pb---the average peel load, expressed in (N);
P0---the resistance force load, expressed in (N);
D---the diameter of the drum flange, expressed in (mm);
d---the diameter of the drum, expressed in (mm);
tf---the thickness of the peeled faceplate, expressed in (mm);
tb---the thickness of the loading belt, expressed in (mm);
b--...