GB/T 12535-2021 English PDF (GBT12535-2021)

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GB/T 12535-2021: Test method of starting performance for motor vehicle
GB/T 12535-2021
Test method of starting performance for motor vehicle
ICS 43.020
CCST04
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replace GB/T 12535-2007
Automobile starting performance test method
Released on 2021-10-11
2022-05-01 implementation
State Administration for Market Regulation
Issued by the National Standardization Management Committee
Table of contents
Foreword Ⅰ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions 1
4 Measurement parameters 1
5 Test condition 2
6 Test method 3
7 Test record 5
Appendix A (Informative) Test Record 6
Automobile starting performance test method
1 Scope
This document specifies the measurement parameters, test conditions, test methods and test records for the starting performance of automobiles.
This document applies to M and N cars.
2 Normative references
The content of the following documents constitutes an indispensable clause of this document through normative references in the text. Among them, dated quotations
Only the version corresponding to the date is applicable to this document; for undated reference documents, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to
This document.
GB/T 12428 Passenger Car Loading Quality Calculation Method
GB/T 12534-1990 General rules for road test methods for automobiles
GB/T 15089 Classification of motor vehicles and trailers
GB/T 19596 Terminology for Electric Vehicles
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions defined in GB/T 15089 and GB/T 19596 apply to this document.
3.1
Cranking time
Under the condition of a successful start of the automobile engine, the time from when the starter is switched on to the engine speed reaches the idle speed specified by the manufacturer.
3.2
Starting performance
After standing still as required in an environment with a certain temperature and atmospheric pressure, the car is characterized by the car's starting time and starting driving performance.
Vehicle maneuverability.
3.3
Starting time
The total time from the cold start of the car to the completion of preheating and starting.
4 Measurement parameters
The test measurement parameters and their units and accuracy requirements are shown in Table 1.
5 Test conditions
5.1 Test vehicle
5.1.1 The preparation of the test vehicle shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of 3.2, 3.5, 4.1 and 4.2 of GB/T 12534-1990.
5.1.2 Under different environmental conditions, the corresponding brand of fuel,
Engine oil, transmission oil, power steering oil, transfer case oil, clutch oil, coolant, brake fluid, etc.
5.1.3 Starting under different environmental conditions, auxiliary starting devices (fuel evaporator, starting fluid
Devices, glow plugs, heaters, etc.) and insulation devices (engine insulation cover, radiator insulation device, battery insulation box, etc.). But it's time to start
The accessories should be the standard configuration of the car manufacturer, and should not use configurations other than those specified by the manufacturer. Auxiliary starting device and heat preservation device during the test
It should be operated in accordance with the instruction manual.
5.1.4 The battery, starting cable and grounding cable specified by the automobile manufacturer should be used. The lines should be connected reliably and the battery should work well.
Before the vehicle starts to stand still, the power and voltage of the energy storage battery such as the vehicle battery or power battery should be within the range specified by the car manufacturer
within.
5.1.5 The parking brake of the test vehicle should be in the released state.
5.2 Test site
5.2.1 The test is carried out outdoors, and the road where the test vehicle is parked should be level, solid, smooth and dry.
5.2.2 The test is carried out indoors, and the environmental test room should be equipped with a chassis dynamometer, a low-temperature environment warehouse, and a plateau environment warehouse that meet the test requirements.
facility.
5.3 Test quality and load distribution
5.3.1 M1 category vehicles and N1 category vehicles with a maximum design total mass less than.2000kg shall comply with the following requirements.
---When 50% of the maximum allowable loading mass of the vehicle is less than or equal to 180kg, the test mass is the curb weight of the vehicle plus 180kg
(Including the quality of measuring personnel and instruments);
---When 50% of the maximum allowable loading mass of the vehicle is greater than 180kg, the test mass of the vehicle is the curb mass of the vehicle plus 50%
The maximum allowable load mass (including the mass of measuring personnel and instruments), the load distribution is as even as possible.
5.3.2 M2, M3 category vehicles and N category vehicles with a maximum design total mass of not less than.2000kg shall comply with the following requirements.
---Except for special regulations, 65% of the loaded mass for M2 and M3 passenger cars, and full load for other cars;
---The load of M2 and M3 cars shall be uniformly distributed in accordance with GB/T 12428, and the load of N cars shall be in accordance with 3.1 in GB/T 12534-1990
The requirements are evenly distributed.
5.4 Test environment
5.4.1 Low temperature environment
The ambient temperature requirements for low-temperature environments are shown in Table 2.
5.4.2 Plateau environment
5.4.2.1 High altitude conditions. the altitude is not lower than 2200m, not higher than 3500m, and the ambient temperature is not higher than 25℃.
5.4.2.2 Ultra-high altitude conditions. the altitude is not lower than 3500m, not higher than 5000m, and the ambient temperature is not higher than 15℃.
6 Test method
6.1 General requirements
6.1.1 The test environment for the automobile starting performance test shall be selected from the test environment given in 5.4 according to the requirements of the automobile manufacturer.
6.1.2 The vehicle starting performance test shall be carried out in sequence from 6.2 to 6.4.
6.2 Cold engine start test
6.2.1 Test preparation
6.2.1.1 The test vehicle is parked as required. When the vehicle is standing still, all electrical switches in the vehicle shall be turned off, and the vehicle shall be in a non-upper position according to the manufacturer’s regulations.
Electric state. The vehicle is allowed to stand for no less than 8 hours in the specified test environment, and when the temperature of the coolant and oil reaches the specified ambient temperature,
Can. If it is confirmed that the temperature of the coolant and oil reaches the ambient temperature, the standing time can also be appropriately reduced.
6.2.1.2 For cars with manual gearboxes, the gear lever is placed in neutral and the clutch is in the disengaged state; for cars with automatic gearboxes, the gear lever
Put it in P block.
6.2.1.3 When starting, the accelerator pedal is in a free state.
6.2.2 Cold engine start test of internal combustion engine vehicle
After the starter is turned on, the test should be carried out within the maximum allowable drag time specified in Table 3.If the engine can start to run on its own, it is judged
The start is successful; if the engine fails to run on its own, it is judged that the start has failed. The number of continuous starting tests should not exceed the requirements of Table 3.
The interval between two starts should not be less than 2min.
6.2.3 Cold start test of pure electric vehicles and extended-range electric vehicles
Start the vehicle according to the starting operation steps recommended by the car manufacturer. Since the vehicle is powered on, the "READY" or "OK" signal device should be
Lights up within 1min.
6.2.4 Cold engine start test of hybrid electric vehicles other than extended-range electric vehicles
6.2.4.1 If the power source for cold engine start is an engine, carry out the test in accordance with the provisions of 6.2.2.
6.2.4.2 If the power source for cold engine start is a power battery, carry out the test in accordance with 6.2.3.
6.2.5 Cold engine start test of fuel cell electric vehicle
Start the vehicle according to the starting operation steps recommended by the car manufacturer, and record the "READY" or "OK" signal from the time the vehicle is powered on
The time the device lights up.
6.3 Warm-up test
6.3.1 Warm-up test of internal combustion engine vehicle
After the engine is started, for a manual transmission car, the clutch can continue to remain in the disengaged state, and the gear lever can remain in neutral; for automatic
For cars with gearboxes, the transmission keeps the P gear. Run at idle speed for 5 minutes in situ.
6.3.2 Warm-up test of pure electric vehicles, extended-range electric vehicles and fuel cell electric vehicles
Pure electric vehicles, extended-range electric vehicles, and fuel cell electric vehicles can go directly to the start-up test without preheating test. If needed
To preheat, the preheating time should not exceed 5min.
6.3.3 Warm-up test of hybrid electric vehicles other than extended-range electric vehicles
6.3.3.1 If the power source for cold engine start is an engine, carry out the test in accordance with the provisions of 6.3.1.
6.3.3.2 If the power source for cold engine start is a power battery, carry out the test in accordance with the provisions of 6.3.2.
6.4 Start test
6.4.1 After starting and warm-up test, put the car in reverse gear and start in reverse, and drive no less than 3m.
6.4.2 After parking, the car starts at the lowest forward gear.
6.4.3 If any one of 6.4.1 and 6.4.2 fails, the item can be repeated once, and the start test is determined to have failed if it still fails to start.
6.4.4 After the vehicle starts, the gears should be increased step by step according to the use requirements specified by the manufacturer until the vehicle speed reaches 50km/h, and the vehicle can accelerate smoothly.
If there is no flameout, it is judged that the starting test of the car is successful, otherwise it is judged that the starting test of the car has failed.
6.5 Starting performance test of internal combustion engine vehicles (including dual-fuel vehicles) other than gasoline and diesel
For internal-combustion vehicles (including dual-fuel vehicles) other than gasoline and diesel, the corresponding fuels shall be used in accordance with the regulations of the vehicle manufacturer.
6.2~6.4 Test.
6.6 Abnormal phenomenon record during the test
Observe and record abnormal phenomena during the test, such as burnt smell, abnormal exhaust smoke, abnormal electrical appliances, etc.
7 Test record
The vehicle starting performance test record is shown in Appendix A, and the starting time records the total time from the start of the cold engine to the completion of the starting test.