GB/T 10322.1-2014 English PDF (GBT10322.1-2014)

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GB/T 10322.1-2014: Iron ores -- Sampling and sample preparation procedures
GB/T 10322.1-2014
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 73.060.10
D 31
GB/T 10322.1-2014 / ISO 3082:2009
Replacing GB/T 10322.1-2000
Iron Ores – Sampling and Sample Preparation
Procedures
(ISO 3082:2009, IDT)
ISSUED ON: JUNE 24, 2014
IMPLEMENTED ON: APRIL 01, 2015
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 5
1 Scope ... 11
2 Normative References ... 11
3 Terms and Definitions ... 13
4 General Considerations for Sampling and Sample Preparation ... 15
4.1 Basic requirements ... 15
4.2 Establishing a sampling scheme ... 16
4.3 System verification... 17
5 Fundamentals of Sampling and Sample Preparation ... 18
5.1 Minimization of bias ... 18
5.1.1 General ... 18
5.1.2 Minimization of particle size degradation ... 18
5.1.3 Extraction of increments ... 18
5.1.4 Increment mass ... 19
5.2 Overall precision ... 21
5.3 Quality variation ... 23
5.4 Sampling precision and number of primary increments ... 24
5.4.1 Mass-basis sampling ... 24
5.4.2 Time-basis sampling ... 25
5.5 Precision of sample preparation and overall precision ... 25
5.5.1 General ... 25
5.5.2 Preparation and measurement of gross sample ... 26
5.5.3 Preparation and measurement of partial samples... 26
5.5.4 Preparation and measurement of each increment ... 26
6 Methods of Sampling ... 27
6.1 Mass-basis sampling ... 27
6.1.1 Mass of increment ... 27
6.1.2 Quality variation ... 28
6.1.3 Number of primary increments ... 28
6.1.4 Sampling interval ... 28
6.1.5 Methods of taking increments ... 29
6.2 Time-basis sampling ... 29
6.2.1 Mass of increment ... 29
6.2.2 Quality variation ... 30
6.2.3 Number of increments ... 30
6.2.4 Sampling interval ... 30
6.2.5 Methods of taking increments ... 30
6.3 Stratified random sampling within fixed mass or time intervals ... 31
6.3.1 Fixed mass intervals ... 31
6.3.2 Fixed time intervals ... 31
7 Sampling from Moving Streams ... 31
7.1 General ... 31
7.2 Safety of operations ... 32
7.3 Robustness of sampling installation ... 32
7.4 Versatility of sampling system ... 33
7.5 Primary samplers ... 33
7.5.1 Location ... 33
7.5.2 Types of primary sampler ... 33
7.5.3 General design criteria for primary cutters ... 37
7.5.4 Cutter aperture of primary sampler ... 37
7.5.5 Cutter speed of primary sampler ... 38
7.6 Secondary and subsequent samplers ... 38
7.7 On-line sample preparation ... 39
7.7.1 Arrangement for sample preparation ... 39
7.7.2 Crushers ... 39
7.7.3 Dividers ... 39
7.7.4 Dryers ... 40
7.8 Checking precision and bias ... 40
7.9 Cleaning and maintenance ... 41
7.10 Example of a flowsheet... 44
8 Sampling from Stationary Situations ... 46
8.1 General ... 46
8.2 Sampling from wagons ... 46
8.2.1 Sampling devices ... 46
8.2.2 Number of primary increments ... 47
8.2.3 Method of sampling ... 47
8.3 Sampling from ships, stockpiles and bunkers ... 47
9 Stopped-Belt Reference Sampling ... 48
10 Sample Preparation ... 49
10.1 Fundamentals ... 49
10.1.1 General ... 49
10.1.2 Drying ... 50
10.1.3 Crushing and grinding ... 50
10.1.4 Mixing ... 51
10.1.5 Sample division ... 51
10.1.6 Mass of divided sample ... 52
10.1.7 Split use and multiple use of sample ... 56
10.2 Method of constituting partial samples or a gross sample ... 57
10.2.1 General ... 57
10.2.2 Method of constitution for mass-basis sampling ... 57
10.2.3 Method of constitution for time-basis sampling ... 57
10.2.4 Special procedure for moisture content... 58
10.3 Mechanical methods of division ... 58
10.3.1 Mechanical increment division ... 58
10.3.2 Other mechanical division methods ... 60
10.4 Manual methods of division ... 60
10.4.1 General ... 60
10.4.2 Manual increment division ... 60
10.4.3 Manual riffle-division method ... 63
10.5 Preparation of test samples for chemical analysis ... 64
10.5.1 Mass and particle size ... 64
10.5.2 Preparation to -250 µm ... 66
10.5.3 Final preparation ... 67
10.5.4 Grinding to -100 µm or -160 µm ... 67
10.5.5 Distribution of samples for chemical analysis ... 68
10.6 Preparation of test samples for moisture determination ... 68
10.7 Preparation of test samples for size determination ... 70
10.8 Preparation of test samples for physical testing ... 70
10.8.1 Selection of sample preparation procedure... 70
10.8.2 Extraction of test samples ... 70
10.8.3 Reserve samples ... 79
11 Packing and Marking of Samples ... 80
Annex A (Informative) Inspection of Mechanical Sampling Systems ... 81
Annex B (Normative) Equation for Number of Increments ... 90
Annex C (Informative) Alternative Methods of Taking the Reference Sample 93
Annex D (Normative) Procedure for Determining the Minimum Mass of Divided
Gross Sample for Size Determination Using Other Mechanical Division
Methods ... 99
Annex E (Normative) Riffle Dividers ... 102
Bibliography ... 104
Foreword
GB/T 10322 Iron Ores can be divided into the following 8 parts:
--- Part 1: Iron Ores - Sampling and Sample Preparation Procedures;
--- Part 2: Iron Ores - Experimental Methods for Evaluation of Quality Variation;
--- Part 3: Iron Ores - Experimental Methods for Checking the Precision of Sampling;
--- Part 4: Iron Ores - Experimental Methods for Checking the Bias of Sampling;
--- Part 5: Iron Ores - Determination of the Moisture Content of a Lot;
--- Part 6: Iron Ore - Determination of Decrepitation Index;
--- Part 7: Iron Ore - Determination of Size Distribution by Sieving;
--- Part 8: Iron Ores - Single-Point Determination of Specific Surface Area - Nitrogen
Adsorption Method.
This Part is Part 1 of GB/T 10322.
This Part was drafted as per the rules specified in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This Part replaced GB/T 10322.1-2000 Iron Ores - Sampling and Sample Preparation
Procedures. Compared with GB/T 10322.1-2000, the major technical changes of this
Part are as follows besides the editorial modifications:
--- Modify "one-time increment" and "one-time sampling" in the original part into
"primary increment" and "primary sampling", respectively; change "cutting mouth
opening" into "cutting opening degree".
--- Add "except for the determination of bulk density by method 2 in ISO 3852:2007"
in the scope of Clause 1.
--- MODIFY "3.1 Delivery lot", "3.7 Experimental sample", "3.12 Fixed ratio division
of sample" in Clause 3 Terms and Definitions INTO "3.1 Lot", "3.7 Test portion",
"3.12 Proportional mass division".
--- Modify 4.1 "Only for iron ore concentrate powder" into "Only for iron ore with a
nominal maximum particle size less than 1mm".
--- Add "and the quality characteristics that need to be determined" in a) of 4.2.
Change c) of the original part of 4.2 into d) of the current part; and change h) of
the original part into c) of the current part. Also add to 4.2 the following: "For the
gross sample or partial sample used for physical test, special attention shall be
paid to the total weight of the required sample (see 10.1.6.3). When the mass of
the gross sample or partial sample is less than the required mass of the sample
prepared for the physical test, it shall be necessary to increase the number or
mass of increments taken to achieve the required mass. It is better to increase
the number of increments than to in...