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GB 50720-2011: Technical Code for Fire Safety of Construction Site
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GB 50720-2011
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
UDC
P GB 50720-2011
Technical Code for Fire Safety of Construction Site
ISSUED ON: JUNE 6, 2011
IMPLEMENTED ON: AUGUST 1, 2011
Jointly issued by: Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of
the People's Republic of China;
General Administration of Quality Supervision,
Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 4
1 General Provisions ... 7
2 Terms ... 8
3 General Plan Layout ... 9
4 Fire Protection of Construction Site ... 13
5 Temporary Fire Control Facilities ... 17
6 Fire Safety Management ... 24
Explanation of Wording in This Code ... 31
List of Quoted Standards ... 32
1 General Provisions
1.0.1 This code is formulated with a view to preventing fire accidents on
construction site, reducing fire hazards and protecting personal and property
safety.
1.0.2 This code is applicable to the fire protection on various newly-built, rebuild
and expanded construction sites.
1.0.3 Fire protection must conform to relevant state policies and reliably fire
precaution measures, on a basis of self-prevention and self-rescue, shall be
taken for different characteristics of fire accidents on construction site to
achieve safe, reliability, economy, rationality and convenience.
1.0.4 Fire protection on construction site shall not only conform to this code but
also comply with those in the current relevant ones of the nation.
2 Terms
2.0.1 Temporary construction
It refers to various non-permanent buildings built at the construction site and
serving for the construction, including office buildings, dormitories, kitchen
rooms, canteens, boiler rooms, generator rooms, power distribution rooms,
warehouse, etc.
2.0.2 Temporary facility
It refers to various non-permanent facilities built at the construction site and
serving for construction, including fences, gates, temporary roads, materials
storage yard and processing yard, fixed fire work field, work shed, machinery
shed, reservoir as well as temporary water supply and drainage, power supply
and heating pipelines.
2.0.3 Temporary fire control facility
It refers to various fire control facilities arranged at construction site and used
for extinguishing fire accidents and guiding safe evacuation of builders,
including fire extinguishers, temporary fire water supply system, fire emergency
lighting, evacuation signs, temporary evacuation routes.
2.0.4 Temporary evacuation route
It refers to the route for personnel safely evacuate the danger area and arrive
at safe place or safe zone when there is fire or other accidents on the
construction site.
2.0.5 Temporary fire-fighting and rescue site
It refers to the site used for fire-fighting and rescue by the personnel and
equipment on construction site.
3 General Plan Layout
3.1 General Requirement
3.1.1 The layout of temporary construction and temporary facilities shall meet
the requirements of on-site fire protection, fire extinction and safe evacuation
of personnel.
3.1.2 The following temporary construction and temporary facilities shall be
included in the general plan layout of construction site:
1 The exit/entrance, fence, enclosing and blocking.
2 Temporary road on site.
3 The laying or erection direction and height of supply pipe network or
piping and distribution lines.
4 Office buildings, dormitories, generator rooms, power transformation and
distribution rooms, combustible material warehouses, inflammable and explosive
dangerous goods warehouse, combustible material storage yard and
processing yard, fixed fire work field, etc. on the construction site.
5 Temporary fire lane, fire-fighting and rescue site and fire water sources.
3.1.3 The arrangement of the exit and entrance of construction site shall meet
the requirements of fire vehicles and in different directions with a quantity of no
less than 2. If only one exit and entrance is arranged according to the condition,
ring road shall be arranged on the construction site to allow the pass of fire
vehicles.
3.1.4 The temporary functional zone for office, living, production and material
storage should be relatively independent; the fire separation shall conform to
provisions living Articles 3.2.1 and 3.2.2 in this code.
3.1.5 The fixed fire work field shall be arranged on the windward side with
minimum rate all year around of combustible material storage yard and
processing yard and inflammable and explosive dangerous goods warehouse;
should be arranged on the windward side with minimum rate all year around of
temporary office buildings, dormitories, combustible material warehouses and
buildings during construction.
3.1.6 Inflammable and explosive dangerous goods warehouse shall be far away
from fire working, personnel-intensive and buildings relatively concentrated
areas.
4 Fire Protection of Construction Site
4.1 General Requirement
4.1.1 Fire protection measures such as reliable fire separation and safe
evacuation shall be taken for temporary construction and buildings during
construction.
4.1.2 The fire protection design of temporary construction shall be determined
according to the service purpose and fire hazard.
4.1.3 The fire protection design of buildings during construction shall be
determined according to the construction property, building height, building size
and structural features.
4.2 Fire Protection for Temporary Construction
4.2.1 Fire protection design of dormitories and office buildings shall meet the
following requirements:
1 The flammability level of building member is Class A. Where metal
sandwich panels are adopted, the flammability level of the core material
shall be Class A.
2 The floor number of buildings shall not exceed 3 and the building area of
each floor shall not be greater than 300 m2.
3 Where the floor number is 3 or the building area of each floor is larger
than 200 m2, at least 2 emergency staircases shall be arranged and the
maximum distance from the room emergency door to the emergency staircase
shall not be larger than 25 m.
4 Where the room is arranged on a single side, the clear width of the
evacuation walkway shall not be less than 1.0 m; where the room is arranged
on double sides, the clear width of the evacuation walkway shall not be less
than 1.5 m.
5 The clear width of the emergency staircase shall not be less than the clear
width of the evacuation walkway.
6 The building area of dormitory rooms shall not be larger than 30 m2 and
the building area of other rooms should not be larger than 100 m2.
7 The distance from any point of the room to the nearest emergency door
shall not be larger than 15 m and the clear width of the room door shall not be
less than 0.8 m; where the building area of the room exceeds 50 m2, the clear
completion of buildings during construction are used as temporary evacuation
route, the clear width should not be less than 1.0 m; for the access ladder used
for evacuation and the temporary evacuation route arranged on scaffold, the
clear width shall not be less than 0.6 m.
3 Where the temporary evacuation route is a ramp and the gradient is larger
than 25°, staircase, steps or anti-slip strips shall be constructed.
4 Access ladder should not be adopted for temporary evacuation route.
Where the access ladder is required, reliable fixation measures shall be taken.
5 If the side of the temporary evacuation route is a free face, protective
barrier at a height no less than 1.2 m shall be arranged along the free face.
6 Where the temporary evacuation route is arranged on the scaffold, the
scaffold shall be erected by incombustible materials.
7 The temporary evacuation route shall be set with unambiguousness
evacuation signs.
8 The temporary evacuation route shall be set with lighting facilities.
4.3.3 Where the building is constructed for expansion and renovation, the
construction area and non-construction area must be divided clearly. The
construction area shall not be open for operation, application and
dwelling; where the non-construction area remains open, used and
dwelled, it shall meet the following requirements:
1 The construction area and non-construction area shall be separated
non-combustible partition wall with fire resistance no less than 3.0 h and
without door, window or opening.
2 Fire control facilities in non-construction area shall be in good
condition and effective; the evacuation route shall maintain unimpeded;
the daily shift and fire safety management system shall be implemented.
3 Specific personnel shall be arranged for the fire safety of
construction area to handle any fire accident immediately.
4 The construction organization shall carry out fire-fighting publicity
and education to the residents and users and inform them of the position
and use method of building fire control facilities and evacuation route,
furthermore, the construction organization shall organize evacuation
drills.
5 The erection of external scaffold shall not affect the safe evacuation,
normal passing of fire vehicles, fire extinction and rescue; the erected
5 Temporary Fire Control Facilities
5.1 General Requirement
5.1.1 Temporary fire control facilities such as fire extinguisher, temporary fire
water supply system and emergency lighting shall be arranged on the
construction site.
5.1.2 The temporary fire control facilities shall be arranged synchronously with
the buildings during construction. In the building construction, the time gap
between the arrangement of temporary fire control facilities and the
construction schedule of major structures of buildings during construction shall
not exceed 3 floors.
5.1.3 The permanent fire control facilities with service conditions may be
adopted as the temporary fire control facilities for the buildings during
construction. Where the permanent fire control facilities cannot meet the
operation requirements, temporary fire control facilities shall be arranged
additionally and shall conform to provisions of Articles 5.2 ~ 5.4 in this code.
5.1.4 The fire hydrant pump on construction site shall be special fire-
fighting distribution line which shall be wired in from the general circuit-
breaker of the general distribution box on construction site and shall keep
uninterrupted power supply.
5.1.5 Gas masks shall be equipped for the construction site of underground
works.
5.1.6 The reservoir, fire hydrant pump, indoor fire standpipe and pump adapter
of temporary fire water supply system shall be set with eye-striking marks.
5.2 Fire Extinguisher
5.2.1 The following places of buildings during construction or temporary
construction shall be equipped with fire extinguishers:
1 Places storing and using inflammables and explosives.
2 Hot work places.
3 Places storing, processing and using combustible materials.
4 Temporary constructions such as kitchen room, boiler room, generator
room, power transformation and distribution room, room for equipment, office
accommodation and dormitory.
Table 5.3.5 -- Temporary Outdoor Fire Water Consumption of Temporary
Construction
Building area of temporary
construction
Duration time of fire
hazard (h)
Fire-hydrant water
consumption (L/s)
Minimum discharge
per water branch
(L/s)
1000 m2 < Area ≤ 5000 m2 1 10 5 Area > 5000 m2 15 5
5.3.6 Temporary outdoor fire water consumption of buildings during
construction shall not be less than that specified in Table 5.3.6.
Table 5.3.6 -- Temporary Outdoor Fire Water Consumption of
Construction in Progress
Construction in progress (monomer)
volume
Duration time of fire
hazard (h)
Fire-hydrant water
consumption (L/s)
Minimum discharge
per water branch
(L/s)
10000 m2 < Volume ≤ 30000 m3 1 15 5
Volume > 30000 m5 2 20 5
5.3.7 Temporary outdoor fire water supply system of construction site shall be
arranged according to the following requirements:
1 The supply net should be arranged in circle.
2 The main pipe diameter of temporary outdoor fire water supply shall be
calculated according to temporary fire water consumption in construction site
and the calculation flow speed in main pipe, and shall not be less than DN100.
3 The outdoor fire hydrant shall be arranged uniformly along the buildings
during construction, temporary construction, combustible material yard and its
processing space with a distance to the outside edge not less than 5 m.
4 Interval of fire hydrant is not greater than 120 m.
5 The maximum travel distance of fire hydrant shall not be greater than 150
m.
5.3.8 For the constructions in progress with building height greater than 24 m
or monomer volume exceeding 30000 m3, the temporary indoor fire water
supply system shall be installed.
5.3.9 Temporary indoor fire water consumption of buildings during
construction shall not be less than that specified in Table 5.3.9.
the properly floors; the effective volume of transfer water tank shall not be less
than 10 m3, and the dispersion between the upper and lower transfers should
not exceed 100 m.
5.3.15 The feed pressure of temporary fire water supply system shall be with
the length of substantial water column of the fire water branch no less than 10
m, otherwise at least 2 fire hydrant pumps (standby for each other) shall be
installed. The fire hydrant pump should be arranged with automatic starting
device.
5.3.16 Where the external fire water source shall not meet the fire water
consumption at construction site, temporary reservoir shall be arranged at the
construction field. Temporary reservoir should be arranged in place convenient
for fire engine getting water, and the effective volume shall not be less than the
total fire water consumption used for one fire extinction in the duration of fire
hazard.
5.3.17 The temporary fire water supply system shall be merged to setup with
production and domestic water system at construction s...