GB 5009.35-2016 English PDF

GB 5009.35-2016: National Food Safety Standard -- Determination of synthetic colorants in food stuffs
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GB 5009.35-2016
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF
THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
National Food Safety Standard –
Determination of synthetic colorants in food stuffs
ISSUED ON. AUGUST 31, 2016
IMPLEMENTED ON. MARCH 1, 2017
Issued by. National Health and Family Planning Commission of the
People 's Republic of China.
3. No action is required - Full-copy of this standard will be automatically and
immediately delivered to your EMAIL address in 0~60 minutes.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 4 
2 Principle... 4 
3 Reagents and materials ... 4 
4 Instruments and equipment ... 6 
5 Analysis steps ... 6 
6 Expression of analysis results ... 8 
7 Precision... 8 
8 Other ... 9 
Annex A Colorant standard chromatogram ... 10 
Foreword
This Standard replaces GB/T 5009.35-2003 Determination of synthetic colour
in foods.
Compared with GB/T 5009.35-2003, the main changes in this Standard are
as follows.
- modified the standard name to “National Food Safety Standard -
Determination of synthetic colorants in food stuffs”;
- added the reagent level and formula;
- added the standard sample;
- modified the calculation equation;
- modified the chromatogram;
- deleted the second method of thin layer chromatography;
- deleted the third method of oscillopolarography.
National Food Safety Standard –
Determination of synthetic colorants in food stuffs
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the determination of synthetic colorants (excluding
aluminum ingots) in beverages, formulated wines, hard candies, candied fruit,
starch candy, chocolate beans and colored sugar-coated products.
This Standard is applicable to the determination of synthetic colorants
(excluding aluminum ingots) in beverages, formulated wines, hard candies,
candied fruit, starch candy, chocolate beans and colored sugar-coated
products.
2 Principle
Synthetic colorants in food are extracted with polyamide or liquid-liquid
distribution to make an aqueous solution. Fill it into a high performance liquid
chromatograph. It is separated by reverse phase chromatography. Determine
its nature according to retention time. Quantify it by comparison with peak
area.
3 Reagents and materials
Unless otherwise stated, the reagents used in this method are of analytical
grade and water is grade one water specified in GB/T 6682.
3.1 Reagents
3.1.1 Methanol (CH3OH). chromatographic pure
3.1.2 N-hexane (C6H14)
3.1.3 Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
3.1.4 Glacial acetic acid (CH3COOH)
3.1.5 Formic acid (HCOOH)
3.1.6 Ammonium acetate (CH3COONH4)
5.1.4 Chocolate beans and colored sugar products. weigh 5 g ~ 10 g
(nearest to 0.001 g), put into a 100 mL beaker, use water to repeatedly wash
pigment till the chocolate beans have no pigment, then combine the pigment
rinse solution as sample solution.
5.2 Pigment extraction
5.2.1 Polyamide adsorption method. add sample solution plus citric acid
solution, adjust pH to 6, heat to 60°C; add water into 1 g of polyamide powder
to make it porridge, pour into sample solution, stir for a moment; use G3
vertical funnel to filter; use 60°C pH 4 water to rinse for 3 ~ 5 times; then use
methanol-formic acid mixed solution to rinse for 3 ~ 5 times (use 5.2.2 method
for the sample containing erythrosine); and use water to rinse till neutral; use
ethanol-ammonia-water mixed solution to desorb for 3 times ~ 5 times till the
pigment is completely desorbed; collect desorption fluid; add acetic acid for
neutralization; evaporate it to nearly dry; add water to dissolve; set volume to
5 mL. Filter it through a 0.45 μm microporous membrane. Analyze by high
performance liquid chromatography.
5.2.2 Liquid-liquid distribution method (for samples containing erythrosine).
place the well-prepared sample solution into a separating funnel; add 2 mL of
hydrochloric acid, 10 mL ~ 20 mL of tri-n-octylamine-n-butanol solution; shake
to extract; distribute the organic phase; repeat extraction till organic phase is
colorless; combine the organic phase; use saturated sodium sulfate solution
to wash 2 times, 10 mL per time; distribute the organic phase; put into
evaporating dish; heat it in water bath and concentrate it to 10 mL. Transfer to
the separating funnel. Add 10 mL of N-hexane. Evenly mix. Add ammonia
solution to extract 2 ~ 3 times, 5 mL per time. Combine ammonia aqueous
solution layer (containing water-soluble acid pigment). Use N-hexane to wash
twice. Add acetic acid to ammonia layer and adjust it neutral. Heat the water
bath and evaporate it to nearly dry. Add water and set volume to 5 mL. Filter
through a 0.45 μm microporous membrane. Analyze it via high performance
liquid chromatography.
5.3 Instrument reference conditions
5.3.1 Chromatographic column. column C18, 4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm
5.3.2 Sample injection volume. 10 μL
5.3.3 Column temperature. 35°C
5.3.4 Diode array detector wavelength range. 400 nm ~ 800 nm or UV
detector detection wavelength. 254 nm
5.3.5 See Table 1 for gradient elution.
GB 5009.35-2016
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF
THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
National Food Safety Standard –
Determination of synthetic colorants in food stuffs
ISSUED ON. AUGUST 31, 2016
IMPLEMENTED ON. MARCH 1, 2017
Issued by. National Health and Family Planning Commission of the
People 's Republic of China.
3. No action is required - Full-copy of this standard will be automatically and
immediately delivered to your EMAIL address in 0~60 minutes.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 4 
2 Principle... 4 
3 Reagents and materials ... 4 
4 Instruments and equipment ... 6 
5 Analysis steps ... 6 
6 Expression of analysis results ... 8 
7 Precision... 8 
8 Other ... 9 
Annex A Colorant standard chromatogram ... 10 
Foreword
This Standard replaces GB/T 5009.35-2003 Determination of synthetic colour
in foods.
Compared with GB/T 5009.35-2003, the main changes in this Standard are
as follows.
- modified the standard name to “National Food Safety Standard -
Determination of synthetic colorants in food stuffs”;
- added the reagent level and formula;
- added the standard sample;
- modified the calculation equation;
- modified the chromatogram;
- deleted the second method of thin layer chromatography;
- deleted the third method of oscillopolarography.
National Food Safety Standard –
Determination of synthetic colorants in food stuffs
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the determination of synthetic colorants (excluding
aluminum ingots) in beverages, formulated wines, hard candies, candied fruit,
starch candy, chocolate beans and colored sugar-coated products.
This Standard is applicable to the determination of synthetic colorants
(excluding aluminum ingots) in beverages, formulated wines, hard candies,
candied fruit, starch candy, chocolate beans and colored sugar-coated
products.
2 Principle
Synthetic colorants in food are extracted with polyamide or liquid-liquid
distribution to make an aqueous solution. Fill it into a high performance liquid
chromatograph. It is separated by reverse phase chromatography. Determine
its nature according to retention time. Quantify it by comparison with peak
area.
3 Reagents and materials
Unless otherwise stated, the reagents used in this method are of analytical
grade and water is grade one water specified in GB/T 6682.
3.1 Reagents
3.1.1 Methanol (CH3OH). chromatographic pure
3.1.2 N-hexane (C6H14)
3.1.3 Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
3.1.4 Glacial acetic acid (CH3COOH)
3.1.5 Formic acid (HCOOH)
3.1.6 Ammonium acetate (CH3COONH4)
5.1.4 Chocolate beans and colored sugar products. weigh 5 g ~ 10 g
(nearest to 0.001 g), put into a 100 mL beaker, use water to repeatedly wash
pigment till the chocolate beans have no pigment, then combine the pigment
rinse solution as sample solution.
5.2 Pigment extraction
5.2.1 Polyamide adsorption method. add sample solution plus citric acid
solution, adjust pH to 6, heat to 60°C; add water into 1 g of polyamide powder
to make it porridge, pour into sample solution, stir for a moment; use G3
vertical funnel to filter; use 60°C pH 4 water to rinse for 3 ~ 5 times; then use
methanol-formic acid mixed solution to rinse for 3 ~ 5 times (use 5.2.2 method
for the sample containing erythrosine); and use water to rinse till neutral; use
ethanol-ammonia-water mixed solution to desorb for 3 times ~ 5 times till the
pigment is completely desorbed; collect desorption fluid; add acetic acid for
neutralization; evaporate it to nearly dry; add water to dissolve; set volume to
5 mL. Filter it through a 0.45 μm microporous membrane. Analyze by high
performance liquid chromatography.
5.2.2 Liquid-liquid distribution method (for samples containing erythrosine).
place the well-prepared sample solution into a separating funnel; add 2 mL of
hydrochloric acid, 10 mL ~ 20 mL of tri-n-octylamine-n-butanol solution; shake
to extract; distribute the organic phase; repeat extraction till organic phase is
colorless; combine the organic phase; use saturated sodium sulfate solution
to wash 2 times, 10 mL per time; distribute the organic phase; put into
evaporating dish; heat it in water bath and concentrate it to 10 mL. Transfer to
the separating funnel. Add 10 mL of N-hexane. Evenly mix. Add ammonia
solution to extract 2 ~ 3 times, 5 mL per time. Combine ammonia aqueous
solution layer (containing water-soluble acid pigment). Use N-hexane to wash
twice. Add acetic acid to ammonia layer and adjust it neutral. Heat the water
bath and evaporate it to nearly dry. Add water and set volume to 5 mL. Filter
through a 0.45 μm microporous membrane. Analyze it via high performance
liquid chromatography.
5.3 Instrument reference conditions
5.3.1 Chromatographic column. column C18, 4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm
5.3.2 Sample injection volume. 10 μL
5.3.3 Column temperature. 35°C
5.3.4 Diode array detector wavelength range. 400 nm ~ 800 nm or UV
detector detection wavelength. 254 nm
5.3.5 See Table 1 for gradient elution.