GB 50016-2014 English PDF (GB50016-2014)

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GB 50016-2014: [2018 Edition] Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings [Code of Design on Building Fire Protection and Prevention]
GB 50016-2014 (2018 Edition)
UDC
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
P GB 50016-2014
Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings
(2018 Edition)
ISSUED ON: AUGUST 27, 2014
IMPLEMENTED ON: MAY 1, 2015
Issued by: Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the
People's Republic of China;
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection
and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 7
1    General Provisions ... 14
2    Terminologies and Symbols ... 16
2.1 Terminologies ... 16
2.2 Symbols ... 19
3    Factory‐buildings and Storages ... 20
3.1 Classification of Fire Hazards ... 20
3.2 Fire Resistance Class of Factory-buildings and Storages ... 22
3.3 Storeys, Occupied Area and Plane Arrangement of Factory-buildings and
Storages ... 26
3.4 Fire Separation Distance of Factory-buildings ... 34
3.5 Fire Separation Distance of Storages ... 41
3.6 Explosion Prevention of Factory-buildings and Storages ... 44
3.7 Safe Evacuation of Factory-buildings ... 47
3.8 Safe Evacuation of Storages ... 49
4 Class A, B, C Liquid and Gas Tanks (Tank 
Farm) and Stackyard for Combustibles . 51
4.1 General Requirements ... 51
4.2 Fire Separation Distance of Class A, B, C Liquid Tanks (Tank Farm) ... 51
4.3 Fire Separation Distance of Combustible and Combustion-supporting Gas
Tanks (Tank Farm) ... 56
4.4 Fire Separation Distance of LPG Tanks (Tank Farm) ... 63
4.5 Fire Separation Distance of Stackyard for Combustibles ... 65
5    Civil Buildings ... 69
5.1 Classification and Fire Resistance Class ... 69
5.2 General Layout ... 72
5.3 Fire Compartment and Storeys ... 75
5.4 Plane Arrangement ... 79
5.5 Safe Evacuation and Refuge ... 88
6    Building Construction ... 104
6.1 Fire Wall ... 104
6.2 Building Elements and Pipe Shafts ... 105
6.3 Roof, Blind Ceiling and Joints ... 108
6.4 Evacuation Staircases and Stairs ... 109
6.5 Fire Door, Window and Fire Roller Shutter ... 115
6.6 Overpass, Trestle and Pipe Trench ... 117
6.7 Building Insulation and Exterior Wall Finish System ... 117
7    Fire Fighting and Rescue Facilities ... 121
7.1 Fire Lane ... 121
7.2 Field for Fire Fighting ... 123
7.3 Fire Elevator ... 124
7.4 Helicopter Landing Pad ... 126
8    Arrangement of Fire‐fighting Facilities ... 127
8.1 General Requirements ... 127
8.2 Indoor Fire Hydrant System ... 129
8.3 Automatic Fire Extinguishing System ... 130
8.4 Fire Alarm System ... 136
8.5 Smoke Control and Smoke Exhaust System ... 138
9    Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning ... 140
9.1 General Requirements ... 140
9.2 Heating ... 140
9.3 Ventilating and Air Conditioning ... 141
10    Electric System ... 146
10.1 Fire Power Supply and Distribution ... 146
10.2 Power Line and Electric Equipment ... 148
10.3 Fire Emergency Lighting and Evacuation Indicating Sign ... 150
11    Timber Buildings ... 153
12    City Road Tunnel ... 159
12.1 General Requirements ... 159
12.2 Fire Water Supply and Fire Extinguishing Equipment ... 161
12.3 Ventilating and Smoke Exhaust System ... 163
12.4 Fire Alarm System ... 164
12.5 Power Supply and Other Requirements ... 165
Appendix A ‐‐ Calculation Method of Building Height and Storeys ... 166
Appendix B ‐‐ Calculation Method of Fire Separation Distance ... 168
Appendix  C  ‐‐  Temperature‐rise  Curve  for  Fire  Resistance  Rating  Test  and 
Performance Criteria of Load‐bearing Structure in Tunnel ... 169
Explanation of Wording in This Code ... 170
List of Quoted Standards ... 171
1 General Provisions
1.0.1 This code is formulated with a view to preventing fire accidents in buildings,
reducing fire hazards and protecting personal and property safety.
1.0.2 This code is applicable to the following constructed, renovated and extended
buildings:
1 Factory-buildings;
2 Storages;
3 Civil buildings;
4 Class A, B, C liquid tanks (tank farm);
5 Combustible and combustion-supporting gas tanks (tank farm);
6 Stackyard for combustibles;
7 City road tunnels.
If special national standards are available, the fire protection design of buildings for
civil air defense engineering, petroleum and natural gas engineering, petrochemical
engineering, thermal power plants and substations should comply with such
standards.
1.0.3 This code is not applicable to the fire protection design of buildings such as
factory-buildings (storages) for gunpowder, explosive and their products as well as
fireworks and firecrackers.
1.0.4 Where occupancies for different purposes are arranged in the same building,
fire separation shall be provided between them. The fire protection design for this
building and their functional occupancies shall be determined according to the
relevant requirements of this code.
1.0.5 The fire protection design of buildings shall comply with the relevant national
principles and policies, and guarantee, on the whole, safety and usability, advanced
technology as well as economy and rationality according to the characteristics of
buildings and fire hazards in them.
1.0.6 In addition to meeting the requirements of this code, the buildings with height
2 Terminologies and Symbols
2.1 Terminologies
2.1.1 High-rise building
The residential buildings with height larger than 27m and the non-single-storey
factory-buildings, storages and other civil buildings with height larger than 24m.
Note: The calculation of building height shall meet those specified in Appendix A of this code.
2.1.2 Podium
The ancillary building with height not larger than 24m, which is beyond the projection
of the main body of high-rise building but is connected with the main body.
2.1.3 Important public building
The public building which may cause heavy casualties, property loss and severe
social impact in case of fire.
2.1.4 Commercial facilities
Small business houses such as stores, post offices, savings banks, barbershops
located on the first floor or on the first floor and second floor of residential buildings,
with the building area of each separated unit not larger than 300m2.
2.1.5 High rack storage
Mechanical or automatic rack storage, with rack height larger than 7m.
2.1.6 Semi-basement
A floor of a building, with the average height of the room ground below the outdoor
design ground for 1/3~1/2 of the average clear height of such room.
2.1.7 Basement
A floor of a building, with the average height of the room ground below the outdoor
design ground greater than 1/2 of the average clear height of such room.
2.1.8 Open flame location
leading to the front room and staircase of fire doors, for preventing fire smoke and
heat from entering into it.
2.1.17 Exit passageway
Passageway which is taken with smoke-proof measures and is also set with fire
partition walls with fire resistance rating not less than 3.00h on both sides for people to
go to outside safely.
2.1.18 Flash point
The lowest temperature (determined by closed cup method) of combustible liquid or
solid where the mixture of vapor on their surface and air can flashover once meeting
ignition source under specified test conditions.
2.1.19 Lower explosion limit
The minimum concentration where the mixture of combustible vapor, gas or dust with
air can explode once meeting ignition source.
2.1.20 Boil-over oil
Water-contained oil products which can produce heat wave durin...